Chromosome Numbers in Animals mU Bi mm mKimcmm M m MMm Mmim n An Atlas Of The CHROMOSOME NUMBERS IN ANIMALS An Atlas of the Chromosome Numbers In Animals SAJIRO MAKINO Zoological Institute, Faculty of Scienct Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japar Second Edition (FIRST American Edition) Revised and Enlarged from the original Tokyo edition I t « l» The Iowa State College Press Ames, Iowa Copyright 1951, by The Iowa State College Press, Ames, Iowa Printed in U. S. A. FOREWORD TO FIRST EDITION During the last 50 years the volume of mounting cytological data has reached truly- imposing proportions and particularly is this true of our knowledge of the number of chromosomes and their meiotic behavior in various species of animals and plants. Since such information is constantly being utilized in different biological fields — especially by cytologists and geneticists — it was recognized many years ago that some kind of systematic presentation of the accumulated information is urgently necessary. The excellent lists of animal chromosomes published by E. Browne Harvey in 1916 and 1920 were a response to this need and they at once became an accepted tool in the workshop of a great number of biologists. But though new findings were added rapidly after 1920, no further dependable lists of animal chromosomes appeared until 1937. To be sure, several compilations were published during the intervening years, but they were either avowedly circumscribed in aim or else were incomplete and unreliable — two faults that rendered them almost worse than useless. The splendid tabulation of vertebrate chromosomes published by Oguma and Makino in 1937 therefore received a warm welcome and has proved its usefulness again and again, but unfortunately no comparable treatment of invertebrate chromosomes has made its appearance. The n<=ws that a complete listing of animal chromosomes has now been compiled is therefore most gratifying. All the more is this true since its author is Professor Sajiro Makino, whose participation in the earlier listing already mentioned would seem to promise an equal reliability in the present work. That it records data on some 2800 species, more than two and a half times as many as were included in the two Harvey lists, sufficiently indicates the urgent necessity for this new compilation. The exacting and extensive toil that must have been expended on it by its author will no doubt be rewarded by the appreciation of a very large audience of biologists. FRANZ SCHRADER March 23, 1948 Department of Zoology Columbia University (v) FOREWORD TO THE SECOND EDITION Fran my observations of Japanese agricultural science and related biological sciences in the post-war years of 19U5-U6 and 19uS-h9, I soon found that the work in both plant and animal cytology was one of the really bright spots in Japanese science today. While the progress in cytology in Japan during World War II was quite independent of that in most other countries, it had nevertheless kept apace with or even surpassed the contributions of other nations in many important aspects. One of the really fine contributions of Japan to world knowledge has been the meticulous research work on animal chromosomes by Dr. Sajiro Makino and his staff in the Zoological Institute of Hokkaido University. Dp. Makino has devoted at least 20 years of his life to this specialized field of cytology. On many occasions during my sojourn in Japan, my colleagues had called attention to this excellent research. All cytological research in post-war Japan has been seriously handicapped by a dearth of foreign cytological and closely related literature, shortages of chemicals, and inadequate research budgets. Dr. Makino has risen above these almost insurmountable obstacles to continue his r; search and publish what is perhaps the most complete list of chromosome numbers in animals that has appeared in the world to date. He has listed about 3200 species of the invertebrates and vertebrates. »hat is probably equally remarkable is the fact that Dr. Makino has personally investigated Ihh species on this list. This experience has made hin unusually well qaalified to appraise the work of others in tnis field. This chromosome list is one of several on which Dr. Makino has appeared as 472 3? (vii) an author. Probably the best known publications outside of Japan are: Uguma, K., and Makino, S. Check-list of chromosome numbers in Vertebrata, Zool. Mag. (Japan) 43:176-212. 1931. Oguma, K. , and Makino, S. A revised check-list of the chromosome numbers in Vertebrata, Jour. Genetics, 26:239-254. 1932. Uguma, K., and Makino, S. A new list of the chromosome numbers in Vertebrata (March 1937), Jour. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Imp. Univ., Series VI, Zoology, Vol. 5(4): 297-356. 1937. Students of animal science will immediately recognize the importance of this chromosome list as a reference, particularly those in the fields of zoology, cytology, genetics, taxonomy, evolution, and animal breeding. It has a parallel in the "Chromosome Atlas of Cultivated Plants" published by C. D. Darlington and E. K. Janaki-Ammal in 1945. This list of animal chromosome numbers represents the fulfillment of a request that I made of Dr. Makino to prepare an English Language edition for publication in the United States. At the time, I was on the staff of General Headquarters, Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers, as Chief of the Agri- culture Division of the Natural Resources Section. It is a privilege to recommend AN ATLAS OF THE CHROMOSOME NUMBERS IN ANIMALS, second edition, to biologists everywhere. WARREN H. LEONARD Colorado A. & M. College Fort Collins, Colorado November, 1950 (viii) PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION During the period since "A New List of the Chromosome Numbers in Vertebrata" appeared in March, 1937, the publication of a complete tabulation of the chromo- some numbers in all animals, both vertebrates and invertebrates, has been increasingly called for in the fields of cytology and genetics. In response to this need, and to incroporate new data, a first edition of "A Review of the Chromosome Numbers in Animals" was published in Tokyo (1949) with the support of the Fourth Special Committee for Researches of Genetics in the Nippon Gakuzyutsu-Shinkokai. This list was mainly based on data obtained up to 1944 from Japanese and foreign publications which had appeared up to 1941, but an appendix contained some new data, incompletely collected up to 1948. Furthermore at the request of Japanese investigators, the first edition was originally published in the Japanese language. Unfortunately, it contained many deficiencies and oversights which were mostly due to the unfavorable conditions in postwar Japan under which the list was prepared. Upon the advice of Professor Warren H. Leonard of the Colorado A. & M. College, who suggested that so important a list should be rendered more accessible to biologists in other parts of the world, I prepared the present edition. It represents a revised and enlarged list indexed with the chromosome numbers for 3317 species of animals, namely 2754 species of invertebrates and 5t>3 species of vertebrates, together with the pertinent references. As contrasted with the 2800 species reviewed in the list of the first edition, the present volume obviously has been considerably expanded. The Table of Contents presents a convenient list of the animals included. In the present list, the chromosome numbers are tabulated after the fashion of the lists "A Review of the Chromosome Numbers in the Metazoa" by E. B. Harvey(l920)^ 17 Part of this list appeared in 1916, while Part II appeared in the Journal of Morphology, Volume 34, pp. 1-67, 1920. (ix) and "A New List of the Chromosome Numbers in Vertebrata" by K. Oguna and S. MakLno (1937) t "ith slight modifications. The author nas accumulated data as completely as possible from the original papers published up to the end of 19U8. This second edition of "An Atlas of the Chromosome Numbers in Animals" nnt only comprises the publications on chromosomes issued from the time of the pioneer researches until 191+8, but also includes the available data of 19U9. Even though the accounts conflict, all the authorities have been given for each species. As in the list previously issued, all the species are classified so far as possible under phyla, classes, orders, families, and genera. The arrangement of various phyla, classes, and orders follows current usage. For convenience of reference, the families, genera, and species are mostly put in alphabetical order. The accounts concerning the Protozoa are excluded. The columns in the table are arranged in order of species name, chromosome number in the division of 2n (diploid) and n (haploid), remarks, observer and reference in the following order: Species : Chrom. -number : Remarks : Observer : Reference 2n" $h s Ovis aries 27 S (1,11) X-Yd* M*kino »U3> «U* : Cyt.l3;Z.M.(jap.)$6 This example snows that the chromosome number of the sheep, Ovis aries , is $U in the spermatogonial division and 27 in the first and second spermatocyte divisions, having the X-Y complex of the sex chromosomes in the male, and that the reference to this work may be found in an article by Makino, 19u3, published in Cytologia, Volume 13 and in another article by the same author, 19Ui, published in the Zoological Magazine (japan), Volume £6. The soall letter of the alphabet indicates the order of appearance of the papers, where more than two papers were published by the same authors on one and the sane subject in the same year. Most of the important abbreviations used in the table and in the column of reference will be found in the accompanying tables. ( x ) Because of the extreme difficulty of doing bibliographical work in postwar Japan under the extremely unfavorable conditions for making contact with foreign investigators, probably even a great effort to make a complete and correct bibliography has been unsuccessful. I believe there are papers missing from my files that should be added. Since I do not doubt that this compilation is far from being complete, I sincerely hope that workers in various parts of the world will call oversights to my attention. These corrections can be added to a future revision of the list. I also would appreciate the correction of any errors of citation. * * * Acknowledgment ; I have much pleasure in taking opportunity to express my sincere thanks to Professor Warren H. Leonard of the Colorado A. & M. College who was in Japan in 1945-46 and again in 1948-49, and who kindly advised me to publish the second edition of the chromosome list. Because the labor of the work has been greatly lessened by his constant encouragement, I wish to express ray gratitude to flneritus Professor K. Oguraa. My warm acknowledgment also is due to Professor F. Schrader of the Columbia University, for the Foreword to the first edition, and for aid in accomplishing the work. Especially, I wish to express to the co-workers of my institute my sincere thanks for valuable assistance. SAJIRO MAKINO July, 1950 Zoological Institute Faculty of Science Hokkaido University Sapporo, Japan (xi) ZOOLOGISCHES IJTSTITUT NATURtflSSMSCHATTLICHE FAKULTAT HOKXAIDO XAISERLICEE UITIVSRSITAT Sapporo, Japan ITunber of Species in vhich the Chronosone Kumber has been recorded INVERTE3RATA 2^54 spp. Husber of species ITurnber of species Mesozoa Porifera Coelenterata Plathelminthes Nemertinl Tro chelminthes Annelida Mollusca Nenathelmi nthe s Molluscoidea Bchinodermata Arthropoda Crustacea Acerata Insecta 001161111)0 la Thysanura Orthoptera Dermaptera Plecoptera Isoptera Embioptera Psocoptera Mallophaga Anoplura Ephemeroptera Odonata 3 7 23 110 7 k 72 135 72 7 2165 156 158 1820 3 3 428 9 16 U 2 1 2 6 2 62 Thysanoptera 1 Honoptera 155 Hetero-otera 351 Keuroptera 54 Mecoptera 5 Tri chop t era 25 Lepidoptera 325 Coleoptera 180 Strensiptera 1 Hynenoptera 69 Di-ntera 240 Aphaniptera 2 Prochordata VERTEBRATA Cyclostomata Fisces Amphibia Reptilia Aves I 'animal ia 563 spp. 2 95 108 99 33 176 (xiii) Abbreviations used in the table chrom. div. parth. post, pre. E Ri R 2 r sex-chrom. js V *1 V 2 v X Y $ (1) (11) (1) (11) n chromosome =division —the largest J-shaped chromosome ^ somatic cell — oogonium =parthenogenet ic =post-r eduction -p re-reduction = long rod-shaped chromosome =the longest rod— shaped chromosome =the second longest rod-shaoed chromosome ^rod-shaped chromosome of medium size -sex-chromosome - spermatogonium -large V-shaped chromosome =the largest V-shaped chromosome =the second largest V-shaped chromosome -V-shaped chromosome of medium size =X-chromosome =Y-chromosome ^ -primary spermatocyte = secondary spermatocyte - primary oocyte -secondary oocyte (xy) The list of abbreviations of the titles of journals used in the column of reference A. A. A. A.M. A.B. A.Hf. A.I.A.E. A. J. A. A.M. A. A.!T. A.E. Arch. Jul. Klaus-Stift. Vererb. A. Zf. A.Z.E.G. Abstr. Sci. Ees. B.B. B.B. Fr. Eel. B.Z. Bot. & Zool. (Tokyo) C.R.A.S. C.R.S.B. Chrom. Cyt. Genet . Hered. I den- S o go-K enkyu Igaku & Seibutsugaku Jap. J. G-. Jap. J.Z. J.E.Z. J.F.S. Hokkaido I.U. J.G. J.G.P. J.H. J.M. J.S. Hiroshima U. La Kronosomo L.C. Luiz de Queiroz H.Z. Ital. llippon Gakuzyutsu- Shinkokai P. I. A. (Tokyo) P.R.S. Lon. Anatomischer Anzeiger. Archives d'Anr.tonie microscopioue. Archives de Biologie. Anatomische Hefte. Archivio Ita.lia.no di Anatomi? e di Embriologia (Firenze) . American Journal of Anatomy. Archiv fur mi!:roskopische Anatonie. American Haturalist. Anatomical Record. Archiv der Julius Klaus-Stiftung fiir Vererbungsforschung, Sozialanthropologie und Rassen-hygiene. Archiv fur zellf orschung. Archives de Zoologie exoerimentale et g^nerale. Abstracts of Scientific Researches, subsidized by the Ministry of Education, Tokyo. Biological Bulletin. Bulletin Biolorique de la France et de la Belgique. Biologisches Zentralblatt. Botany & Zoology (Tokyo) (In Japanese). Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences (Paris). Comptes Rendus des Seances de la Societe de Biologie(Paris) Chromosoma. Cytologia (Tokyo). Genetics. Hereditas. (Papers from the Committee for Research in Genetics. Tokyo). (Abstract .journal on Medicine and Biology, Tokyo) (in Japanese) . Japanese Journal of Genetics. Japanese Journal of Zoology. Journr.l of Errperimental Zoology. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido Imperial University. Journr.l of 'Genetics. Journal of General Physiology. Journal of Heredity. Journal of Morphology. Journal of Science of the Hiroshima University. (Journal of chromosomics, in Japanese, To!:yo) . La Cellule. Anais dr. Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" (Sao Paulo, Brasil). Monitore Zoologico Italiano (Firenze) . (Proceedings of Japanese Association of Advance of Science) (In Japanese) Proceedings of the Imperial Academy (Tokyo). Proceedings of the Royal Society (London). (xvi) Q..J.M.S. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science. R. Suisse Z. Revue Suisse de Zoologie. Rous Archiv fur Entvricklungsmechanick. Sci. Science, Hew York. S.R. Tokyo B.D. Science Reports of the Tokyo Bunrika Daigaku. Seibutu (Journal of "biology, published in Japanese, Sapporo). Z.A. Zoologischer Anzeiger. Z.A.E. Z eitschrift fur Anatomy und Entwicklungsgeschichte. Z.B. (Moskaw) Zeitschrift fur Biology (Moskaw) . Z.I.A.V. Zeitschrift fur induktive Ahstaraimxags-und Vererbungslehre. Z.M. (Jap.) Zoological Magazine (Dohutsugaku Zasshi) (Japan). Z.M.A.F. Zeitschrift fur mikros.-anatomische Forschung. Z.V.'.Z. Zeitsclirift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie. Z.Z.M.A. Zeitschrift fur Zellforohung und mikroskopische Anatomy. Z. Jb. Zoologischer Jahrhuch. (x»ii) TABLE CF CONTENTS Page MESOZOA 1 PORIFERA 1 COELENTERATA 1 Hydrozoa 1 Hydroida 1 Tubulario-Anthomedusae 1 Campanulario-Leptomedusae 2 Limnomedusae 3 Trachylina 3 Tracomedusae 3 Narcomedusae 3 Scyphoiaedusae 3 Senaeostornae 3 PLATTHEDaNTHEii ....'. 3 Cestoda 3 Trematoda 3 Digenea 3 Monogenea 5 Turbellajria 5 Acoela 5 Ehabdocoelida 5 ITotandxopora 5 Opisthandxopora 6 Lecithophorp. 6 Dalyellioidea £• Typhloplanoida 7 Kalyp to rhynchia 8 Alloecoela 9 Tricladida 9 Polycladida 10 HEMERTINI 11 Dimyaria 11 Trimyaria 11 TR0CHELMI1TTHES 11 Rotifera 11 AMELIHA 13 Archiannelida 13 Chaetopoda 13 Ollgochaeta 13 Polychaeta 15 Hirudinea 17 Echiuroidea 18 Sinunculoidea 13 Chaetognatha 18 Mollusca 19 Gastropoda 19 Prosotiranchia 19 Opisthobranchla 22 Pulnonata 23 Basommatophora 23 .Ajnphibolidae 23 lymnaeidae 23 Physidae 24 (adx) Page Stylomiaatophora 24 Arionidae 24 Bradybaenidae 24 Camaenldae 25 Helicidae 25 limaci&ae 27 Philomycidae 28 Polygyridae 28 Succineidae 29 Cephalopoda 29 Dibranchia . 29 NEMATHELMIHTKES 29 Acanthocephala 29 Echinorhynchoidea 29 Echinorhynchidae 29 G-igantorhynchidae 30 Nenatoda 30 Hologonia 30 Trichinellidae 30 Thelogonia 30 Acuariidae 30 Ancyracanthidae 30 Ascaridae 30 Chromadoridae 36 Cruziidae 37 Cucullanidae 37 Eilariidae 37 Heterakidae 37 Oxyuridae 37 Physalopteridae 38 Hhabdiasidae 38 Seuratidae' 39 Spiruridae 39 Strongylidae 39 Trichostrongylidae 40 Nematomorpha 40 Gordioidea 40 Chordodidae 40 Gordiidae 40 MOLLUSC 0IDEA 41 Brachiopoda 41 Bryozoa 41 Kamptozoa 42 Phoronida 42 ECHINODERMATA 42 Asteroldea 42 Crinoidea 43 Echinoidea 43 Holothuroidea 46 Ophiuroidea 46 AETEROPOM 47 Crustacea 47 Phyllopoda 47 Cladocera 48 Ostracoda 49 (xx) Page Copepoda ^9 Gymnoplea 49 Podoplea 51 Caligi 54 Cirripedia 55 Isopoda 55 Oniscoidea 55 Asellota 56 Valvifera 57 Flabellifera 57 Epicaridea 57 Amphipoda 57 Decapoda 58 Reptantia 53 Natantia 59 Stomatopoda 60 Acerata 60 Arachnida 60 Acari&a 60 Araneida 61 Latidognatha 61 Agalenidae 61 Amaurobidae 62 Argiopidae 62 Anyphaenidae 62 Argyronetidae 62 Atypidae 63 Clubionidae 63 Dictynidae 63 Drassidae 63 Linyphiidae 63 Liphistiidae 6Z, Lycosidae 64 Mycryphanthidae 65 Oxyopidae 65 Pisauridae 65 Philodromidae 65 Pholcidae 66 Salticidae 66 Sparassidae 66 Tetragnatkidae 66 Therldidae 67 Thonisidae 67 Xysticidae 67 Orthognathia 67 Aviculariidae 67 Pedipalpida 68 Opilionida 68 Pseudoscorpionida 68 Scorpionida 69 Gigantostraca 70 Xiphosura 70 Onyckophora ^0 Linguatulida ? C Tardigrada 7° Opisthogoneata ^L Chilopoda 71 (aad) Page Frogoneata 72 Diplopoda 72 Insecta 72 Apterygota 72 Collenbola 72 Thysanura 72 Pterygota 72 Orthoptera 72 Acrididae 72 Elattidae 87 G-ryllidae 38 Gryllacridae 92 Gryllotilattidae 92 Gryllotalpidae 92 Locust idae 93 Mantidae 99 Phasnidae 101 Schizodactylidae 103 Stenopelmatidae 103 Tettigidae 104 Tridactylidae 104 Dermaptera 105 Torficulidae 105 Plecoptera 106 Chloroperlidae 106 Perlidae 106 Perlodidae 107 Isoptera 107 Embioptera 108 Psocoptera 108 Mallophaga 108 Anoplura 108 HaeEotopinidae 108 Pediculidae 108 Epheineroptera 109 Odonata 109 Anisoptera 109 Aeschnidae 109 Li"bellulidae HO Zygoptera 112 Calopterygidae 112 Coenagriidae 112 Lestidae 113 Thysanoptera 113 Homoptera 113 Aphidae 113 Cercopidae • •• H9 Cicadidae 120 Coccidae 120 Delphacidae 124 Pulgoridp.e 124 Jassidae 124 Menbracidae 124 (xxii) Page Heteroptera 125 Belostomatidae 125 Capsidae (Ltiridae) 126 Cimicidae 126 Coreidae 127 Corixi&ae 133 Corizidae 134 Dysodiidae 135 Gslgulidae (Gelastocoridae; Nerthridae) . . 135 Gerridae 135 Hydronetridae 135 Lygaeidae 136 Mesovelidae 14C l T a"bidae 140 Naucoridae 140 Nepi&ae 141 "otonectidae 141 Pentatornidae 142 Phymatidae 149 Pyrrochoridae 149 Reduvidae 150 Tingitidae 151 Velliidae 151 ITeuroptera 152 Megaloptera 152 Raphidiidae 152 Sialidae 152 Planipennia 152 Ascalaphidae 152 Chrysopidae 152 Coniopterygidae 154 HemeroMidae 154 Msntispidae 154 Myrmeleonidae 154 Osinylidae I55 Sisyridae 155 Hecoptera 155 Panorpidae I55 Trichoptera I56 Annul ipalpia 156 Hydropsychidae 156 Polycentropidae 156 Ehyacophilidae 156 Stenopsychidae 156 Integripalpia 156 Leptoceridae 156 Limnophilidae 156 Molannidae 157 Phryganidae 157 Sericostonidae 158 Lepidoptera 158 Arctiidae 158 Bombycidae 159 Cyraatophoridae 161 Drepanidae 161 (aodii) Page Gelechiidae 161 Geometridae. . 161 Gracilariidae 163 Hesperidae 163 Hyponometutidae 164 Japonor.eutidae 164 Lasiocai.ipidae 164 Libytheidae 164 Lycaenidae 164 Lymantriidae 165b Noctuidae 166 Notodontidae 167 Kymphalidae 170 Gecophoridae 171 Fapilionidae 172 Pieridae 172 Plutellidae 173a Fsychidae 173a Pyralidae 173a Satumidae 173b Satyridae 174 Sphingidae 176 Talaeporiidae 177 Tischeriidae 178 Tortricidae 178 Coleoptera 178 Adephaga 178 Carabidae 178 Cicindellidae 179 Dytiscidae 179 Polyphaga 179 Bruchidae 179 Buprestidae. 180 Cantharidae 180 Cerambycidae 180 Chrysomelidae 181 Coccinellidae 182 Cucujidae 184 Curculionidae 184 Slateridae 187 Hydrophilidae 187 Lucanidae 187 Kelandryidae ..... 187 Keloidae 187 fcicronalthidae 187 Fassalidae 188 Scarabaeidae 188 Silphidae 188 Staphylinidae 189 Tenebrionidae 189 Strepsiptera . 190 Hymenoptera 190 Apidae 190 Braconidae 191 Chalcididae 191 Cynipidae 192 (zxiv) I Page Diprionidae 193 Eulophidae 193 Formicidae 193 Ichneunoni&ae 194 Pteroiaalidae 194 Tenthredinidae ...... 194 Trlchograrrmldae 196 Vespidae 196 Diptera 196 Anthomyiidae 196 Asilidae 196 BiMonidae 197 Bonbyliidae 197 Calliphoridpe 197 Cecidomyidae 197a Chironomidae (Tendepedidae) 199 Cordyluridae 200 Culicidae 200 Drosophili&ae 203 Dryomyzidae • 212 Ephydridae 212 Hipp otic- scidae 212 Leptocera.tidae 213 Limoniidae 213 Liriopeidae (Ptychopteridae) 213 Muscidae 213 Mycetophilidae 213 Ortalidae 214 Piophilidae 214 Phoridae 214 Rhagionidae 214 Sapromyzidae . . . * 214 Sarcophagi&ae 214 Sciaridae 215 Simuliidae 217 Stratiomyii&ae 217 Syrphidae 217 Tachinidae 217 Tetanoceratidae 217 Tipulidae 217 Trypetidae 217 Llidiidae 218 Aphanipterc. (Slphonaptera) 218 PRCCHORDAIA 218 Tunicata 218 Acrania 219 7ERTEBRATA 219 Cyclostomata 219 Pisces 219 Dipnoi 219 Lepidosirenidae 219 Elasmobranchii 220 Catulidae 220 Raji&ae 220 Squalidae 220 Torpedidae 220 (xxv) Page Teleostomi 221 Anabantidae 221 Anguillidae 221 Atherinicae 221 Esocidae 221 Cobitidae 221 Cottidae 221 Cyprinidae 222 Cyprinodontidae 222 Gasterosteidae 224 Gobiidae 224 Hemgrammidae 224 Labridae 225 Percidae 225 Pholidae 225 Salmonidae 225 Anphibia 227 Apoda 227 Coecilliidae 227 Urodela 227 Anrphiumidae 227 Cryptcfbranchidae 227 Chioglossidae 227 Hynobiidae 227 Proteidae 229 Salanandridae 229 Anuxa 234 Bufonidae 234 Discoglossidae 236 Engystomidae 236 Hylidae 236 Pelobatida.e 237 Ranidae 2°7 Reptilia 24C Crocodilia 240 Chelonia , 241 Chelonidae 241 Cinostemidae 241 Testudinidae 241 Trionychidae 241 Ehynchocephalla 242 Lr- cert ilia 242 Agaiaida-e 242 Anphisbaenidae 242 Anguidae 242 Aniellidae 243 Chanaeleontidae 243 Eublepharidae 244 Geckonidae 244 Gerrhosauridae 244 Helodemr.tidae 244 Iguanidae 245 Lr.certidae 245 Scincidae 246 Tejiidae 247 Varanidae 247 Xantusiidae 2/1+7 Zonuridae 247 (xxvi) Page Ophidia 247 Colubridae 247 Elapidae 248 Hydridae 248 Crotalidae 248 Viperidae 249 Aves 249 Eatitae 249 Struthiones 249 Droniceiidae 249 Rheidae 249 Carinatae 250 Passeres 250 Corvidae 250 Pringillidae 250 Turdidae 250 Cuculi 250 Psittaci 250 Psittacidae 250 Accipitres 251 Palconidae 251 Gressores 251 Anseres 251 Anatidae 251 Stegajiopodes 254 Phalacrocoracidae 254 Tubinar.es 254 Procellariidae 254 Pygopodes 254 Columliae 255 Colujnbidae 255 Linicolae 255 Lari 256 Laridae 256 Alcae 256 Alcidae 256 Alectorides 256 Galli 256 Phasianidae 256 Mamnalia 261 Prototherla 261 Monotremata 261 Eutheria-Didelphia 262 Marsupialia 262 Didelphyidae 262 Dasyuridae 262 Macropodidae 262 Peramelidae 263 Phalange ridae 263 Phascolonyidae 263 Eutheria-Monodelphia 264 Chiroptera 264 Pteropodidae (Megachlroptera) 264 (xxvii) Page iiolossidae (Microchiroptera) 264 N7cteridae ( » ) 264 Rhinolophidae ( " ) 264 Vespertilionidae ( » ) 264 Insectivora 265 Erinaceidae 265 Macroscelidae 265 Soricidae 265 Talpidae 266 Edentata-Xenartha 266 Dasypodidae 266 Rodentia 266 Duplicidentata 266 Leporidae 266 Sinplicidentata 267 Camproinyidae 267 Caviidae 263 Geomyidae 268 Heteromyldae 268 Hystricidae 268 Muridae-Cricetinae 269 Muridae-llicrotinae 270 Muridae-Murinae 271 Muscardinidae 279 Sciuridae 279 Carnivora 280 Pissipedia 280 Canidae 280 Felidae 281 Mustelidae 231 Viverridae 282 Pinnipedia 232 Otarridae 232 Cetacea. 282 Delphinidae 282 Ungulata 282 Artiodactyla 232 Bovidae 282 Camelidae 284 Cervidae 284 Suidae 235 Perissodactyla 285 Eauidae 285 Primates 236 Semiae-Platyrrhina 236 Cebidae 286 Seniae-Catarrhina 286 Anthropoidae 286 Cercopithecidae 286 Hominidae 236 (a) Sonatic cells 286 ("b) Pathologic cells 237 (c) Semi cells 283 (aacviil) An Atlas Of The CHROMOSOME NUMBERS IN ANIMALS MSSOZOA Soeciec Chromosome Ilumber 2n* n Remarks Observer Reference Dicyenenra gracile Haplozoon armatua Rhopalura ophlocorr.ae Ca 30o (1) 100? m 6m 3o (1,11) Hartmann '0? Mem. Sci. Acad, Roy. Bel-. 1. Dogiel '08 Z.W.Z. 89. Caullery ^ Lavellee "08 A.Z.E.G. 8. PORIFERA ;pecles Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer Reference Clathria coriacea Ca 16 ra Grantia compressa 3-10s 8-10o (1) 8-10o + Grantia compressa 26 m pennirera Reniera simians 16 m ^ponrilla lacustria 10-12 m Sycandra raphanus 16 m H 8 o Sycon ciliatun 32 m 26 m 13^(1) 13o(l) 3^(1) 9e(l,ll) 13o(l) Robertson & Q.J.M.S. 55. Minchin '10 Dendy 'Hi Q.J.M.S. 60. Duboscq & Tuzet '33, '37 A.Z.E.G. 73,79. Tuzet '30 C.R.S.E. 103. fuller "11 Roux 32. Jbrg-ensen '10 A.Z. U. Mass *99 Duboscq 2c Tuzet '37 A. A. 16. A.Z.E.G. 79. COELEIITrRATA HXDROZOA Hydroida Species Chromosome number 2n n Remarks Observer Reference TJFJLARIO- ANTHOMEDUSAE ClT"a leptostyla Clava squamata 12o(l,ll) Ca l6q(l) Hargitt '16 J.M. 27. Harm '02 Z.TT.Z. 73. * In the column of 2n, s_, o and m denote spermatogonium , oogonium and somatic cell. respectively, - 1 - C0EL2NTSRATA (".ontir.ued) Species Chrono 2n 'OT.e Number n Remarks Cbservsr Reference Clavatell? prolifera ( Kleutheria dirhotoira ) Cordylophora lacustris Eudendriua ranosua Hydra circur.cincta Hydra dicecia (H. fucca, H. viridi s ) 30 m 12 s Hydra grisea Hvdra vulgaris attenuata 32 s ^ 32 o 32 a Hydra ctinia echinata 12-16 m Pelmatohydra obligactis 12 m 30 m Pennaria tiarella Tiara sp. ? Tubularia meg embry - antheTinrn Carapanulario- LeptOT.edusae Aequorea forskalea 12-11; m Ik m ? 28 m 12 n Campanularia fleuxuosa 20 n Qbelia geniculata 3U o Gonothyrea leveni 6o(l) 10 12c-(l) 13o(l)? l^(D 6^(1,11) 6oOl) 12-l!io(l) l6o(l) 16#(1) Muller '08 Z, _ — Morgensteir. '01 2, Eeckwith »lU J, S"2x chror.. unknown Niiyama ');3, 'UU Hio(l)? lO-liio(l) Dowing '05, '0? Brauer ' 91 Wager '09 Sex chrom. unknown Niiyama 'U3> 'uh Small-rood '09 Beckwith 'lit KoConnell '32, '36 Sex chrom. unknown Niiyama ' U3> 'UU Werrcel '26 Hargitt '09 11,- o (1,11) 12o(l) s mallwood '0? Poveri '90 Brauer '91 W.Z. 80. W.Z. 70. M. 25. Jap. J.G. 19j Cyt. 13. Z.Jb. 21, 23. Z.W.Z. 52. 3.3. 13. Jap. J.G. 19; Cyt. 13. B.B. 17. J.I!. 25. Z.M.A.F. 28; Roux 135. Jap. J.G. 19; Cyt. 13. Z.Z.M.A. km Bull.Mus.Comp. Sool. Harvard, B.B. 17. Jena Z. 17- Z.W.Z. 52. 60(11) Hacker '92 A.K.A. hO. lOo (1) Hargitt. '13 J.M. 2li. 17j,(l) Faulkner '29 C.J.M.S. 73 3o(l) — Wulfert '02 z.w.z. 71. — ° — COELENTERATA (continued) Species ChraroEome Number 2n n Remarks Observer Reference Limncr.edusae Craspedacusta ryd?rl G-cnioenmuc murbachii 126(1) White '30 Tracomedusae Aglantha digitalis Narcomedusae Cunina oroboscidea 2U 25 s Ca 12^(1,11) 12 in $ Ca 21; o pronucleus Bigelow «07 Ca 2iim P.B. 59. Bull.Mus.Corap, Zool. Harvard, li8. TPJJ.CHILINA Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer Ref erenc e 16 o 8o(l,ll) Hargitt '17 J.M. 28. 28/o"(l) 30^(1) Stschelkanowzew Mitt.Zool.St. '06 II <=ap el, 17. SCYPH0'_.EDUSAE Specit Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer Reference Seraaeostomae Aurelia flavedula l3-20m 9-10o(l ) Hargitt '10 J.M. 21, PLATYHELMINTKSS CSSTODA* Species 2n n Avitellir.a centripunctata ^^ irTT^oTD Joniezia expansa )12-lU(?)m 6-9(?)o*(l) Remark: Observer :iei erenc e M. planissima Taenia s errata ^ough '11 Child »07 Q.J.M.S. 56. 3.E. 12 13-15o(l) (6-1%) Von Janicki '07 Z.W.Z, 87. TR3I&T0DA ^TC-ENEA Chromosome Number Species 2n n Remarks Observer Reference Srachycoeliun salamandrae 20 ?,o l06'(l) ~ ITon tfemrJ.tz '13 A.Zf. 10. (B. crassicole ) 20 m 10o(l) Cable '31, '3U Q.J.M.S. 74,76. Cryptocotyle lingua 12 s, o m 6o*(l) 12 o 12 n * Jones, A. Y,\ 19U5* Journ. Parasitol. 31, which concerns with cytology of 15 species of Cestoda, cannot be accessible. — "> — TRE 'ATCDA (continued) Snecier Car orao some N i u?.b er 2n n Hemarks Observer Dicrocoelia-; ( DLstomun ^ 20 o lanceolitun: » 20 s Diplediscus tenporatus 16 a Parth. Dintonun hepaticum 190(1,11) 20^(1,11) l6o(l) 6-8o(l) 9o(l,ll) '.ef erenee Goldscmidt '08 A.Zf. 1. D ingler '10 A.Zf. If. '-ary '09 Z.Jb. 23. Henr.efuy *06 Arch. d'Anat. Micr. ?. Levy «2l» A.M. A. 55. Schellenberg'31 A.Zf. 6. Defanme ' 11 A.Z.E.G. ?. !£oriya 'J;U J.S.Hirosiaa 'J.Ser.?,lO t»hen '37 Trar.?. Am.'Jicr. S^c. 56. Pees '39 Parasit. 31. D. turgidus ? n -ci ola hspatica Fa^ciola aeoatici 16 12 o,m 60(1,11) 10(nair)s,o 10(pair")o, 0.(1) *(pair). k 8 26*(1) Promeeostoma marmoratnm 12 s 4 a 6#1) Prorhynchella miimta 26^(1) Protoplanellid (New Haven)6 e 3o(l) Ehynchomes o s t oma rostratnm k 8 2o(l) Soleno-Dharynx at). I* a 2o(l) Trigonostomnm lillei 6 a 3*. 22m llm(Parth) llojl.ll) Scott '06 J.I.Z. 3. Aricia si}. 18m 9m(Parth) 9^(1,11) Zsstanecki '09 Bull. Int. Acad. Sci. Cracovie Chaetopterus pergamentaceous 18m 95.(1,11) Mead '98 J.M. Ik. Lanice conchy! ega Nereis limbata Ophryotrocha gracilis 0. hartmanni 0. Puerilis — 9^(1,11) — Lillie '06 J.B.Z. 3. 6a 6j(l) — 3^(11) De'Horne '11 A.Z.E.G. 9. 20-30m 1^(1) — Bonne vie '07, '08 B.B. 13: A.Zf. 2 10s, 10m 5*(l,ll) — 5j(l,ll) Huth >33 Z.Z.M.A. 20. 10s, 10m 5^(1.11) — 5o.(l.ll) — Huth '33 1 ks, m iff(ii) De'Horne •10, '11 Z.A. 36;A.Z.E.G. 9. -IS- POLYCHAETA (Continued) Si)eci«B Chromosome 2n Number n Remarks Obserrer References 0. puerilis 88, m 4o"(l,ll) Gregoire & Deton '06 L.C. 23. N 4b, 4m(8) 20.(1,11) Korschelt '95a,b. Verb, deuta. Zool. Gee. 5; Z.W.Z. 60. a 8b, o 8m 4^(1.11) 4o(l) Schreiners '06 A.A. 29. N 8b, o 8m tf(l.ll) 4oJl,ll) Huth '33 Z.Z.M.A. 20. Pletynereis meeslops l4o.(l) Just '15 J.M. 26. Sabellarla spinulosa 8b 8m 8o\o(l) 4o\£(ll) — De'Horne •10, '11 C.R.A.S. 150; A.Z.E.G. 9. Saccocirrus major 8s 42(1,11) 4o_(l,ll) Hempelmann •13 Zoologica 26. ■ 18b, o 18m #(1,11) 9oJD Von Baehr '13 Z.A. 43. S. paoillocercas 6m — — Pierantoni •06 Mitt. Zool. St. Neapel, 18. it 8b 4$(i,n) 4j(l,ll) Hempelmann •13 Zoologica 26. Serpula crater — •• •• Cal4o(l) 7 in J and o, promuclel Soulier '06 A.Z.E.G. 5. Tomopteris elegans lOo 5o.(D Senna •11 A.I.A.B. 9. K 4oJl) Wallace '04 Brit. Ass. Adv. Sci. 73- T. onisciformis 18b 9$(ll) Bonnevie •08 A.Zf . 2. M 24m 12o_(l) Griffen '99 J.M. 15- n 12m (Parth.) 12oJl.ll) Lef evre Sci.: ?3;J.S.Z. 4. , 06,'07 Urechis caupo 36m l8o(l,ll) Tyler '32 B.B. 63. SIPUNCULOIDEA Chromosome Number Species 2n n Remarks Observer References Phascolosoma gouldii 20m 10o(l,ll) Gerould •04, '06 A.Z.E.G. 2; Z.Jb. 32. P. vulgare 20m 10^(1,11) Gerould '04, '06 1 1 Sipunculus nudu.8 10^(1) Gerould •06 Z.Jb . 23. CHAETOGNATHA Chromosome Number Species 2a. n Remarks Observer References Sagitta bipunctata 8o*(l,ll) Bolles-Lee •88 L.C. 4. R 18s 9^(1,11) Bordas L.C. 28; Mem. '12, '14 Real Hist . Soc. Espan. . .Nat. 10. N 18m 95.(1,11) 9 in S pronucleus Boveri • 90 Jena z. 17. ft 18m 95.(1) Buchner A.A. 35; Fest. '09, '10 Hert< »igt 1. H 18m 9$(l) Elpatiewsky •10 Biol. Zeits. (Moskow) 1. -18- CHAETOG-NATEA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References , Sagitta bipunctata S. elegane S. inflate S. minima 18b 18m 18m 18m 9S(1,H) - 9o.(l,ll) 9$(1,11) - 9o_(l) 9^.(1) 9^(1,11) - 9^(1,11) — Stevens '03,' 10 Stevens '05, '10 Buchner '10 Stevens '10 Stevens '10 Z.Jb. 18; J.M. 21 Z.Jb. 21; J.M. 21. Pest. Hertwig. 1. J.M. 21. J.M. 21, MOLLUSCA SCYPCDA EULAYHUBRAMCHIA Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Cuminfia tellinoides 18$ (1,11) Jordan '10 'orr '13 36m l^o(l,ll) Morris '17, l(3m(Parth.) Cumineia sr. 50-6Cm(rarth.) I60 p olar body Mackay '27 A.Zf.4. J.E.Z.22; r . n .35. Trans. Nova Scot. Inst. Sci. 17. Mactra sp. 24m 12o.(l,ll) Kostanecki »04,'ll n n Remarks Observer References Compeloma decisum 26- 28om Polllster & Polllster'40 A.R. 78. Suppl. C. ponderocum 28mS 14 Polllster & Polllster'40 A.R. 78. Suppl. C. rufum 12o 12o_(l,ll) Mattox '37 Z.Z.M.A. 27. C. subsolldum 26- 28om Polllster & Polllster'40 A.R. 78. Suppl. Carinarla mediterrania 32m l6o(l,ll) 16 + Boverl '90 Jena Z. 17. Cerithium vulgatum C 2 30s 16$(1) X-0o Kus chakevri. t sen '21 A.Zf. 15. n l6o*(l,ll) — Tuzet »30 A.Z.B.S-. 70. Cochlo stoma septemspirale 12-13 Ankel '25 Serckenbergiana 7. Columbella rustica l6+cT(l) — Scb.it z '17 A.Z.E.G. 56. Conus mfirtl tfif Xpnp.PL l4$(l) Kus chak ewi t s ch '13 A.Zf. 10. C. mediterraneus 15^(1) *-0$ 14,155(11) Tuzet '30 A.Z.E.G. 70. Crepidula plana 60m 305_d.il) — Conklln '02 Jour. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phlla. 12. Enteroxenus oesterareni 34o 17o(l,H) 17 in $ Bonnevle '05 pronucleus A. A. 26. it 42m 21o(l,ll) 21o(l,ll) Schrelner •07 Vidensk-Selsk. Skr. Math.-Nat. 1907. Fasciolaria tulipa 3i?£ XrO$ Hyman '23 J.M. 37. Ful.-^ur carica Cal6o(l) McMurrich '96 A.A. 12. G-oniobasis lacueata 36s I8ct(l) Woodard '35 J.M. 57. Hydro Ma jenklnsi 20-22m 20-22(1) Rhein '35 Naturwlss. 23. Llplax subcarinata 26 13 Polllster & Polllster '40 A.R. 78. Suppl. Murex brandaris 28? (1) Lams '34 Bull. Assoc. AnatomiBtes 1934. -20- MOLLUSGA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References M. trunculus Nassa nitida Heritina fluviatllls Paludina vivipara Pisania maculosa Potamopyrgu s ( Hydrobia ) jenkinsi Pterotrachea mutica Theodoxia fluvlatilis Tulotoma magnifica Yalvata plscinalis 19s 20 o 16s lUs 14o lton 30-Ulm 32m 18s 2k 20 s Ca20s 11-12$(1) l^(l) X-0$ 1^(1 ) x-o$ 10o_(l) X-O? l6$(l) 84(11) 79&(1> — 243U.ll)- ■ 44s 22o*(l) ■ — ?2?(l) C. (=Tachea) austriaca 25^(1) C. (cTachea, Helix) 48s 24^(1) nemo rail 8 24o\l,ll) 22oVl) 28-29^(1) 22o\l) 25^(1) - 25^(1) • 23^1) ■ 306(1) - 24o\l.ll) 245(1, 11) Inaba '50 Inaba '50 Perrot '38, P. & Perrot '38 Inaba '50 Eleinert «09 Baltzer '13 Perrot '38.P. & Perrot '38 Baltzer '13 Boveri '90 Kleinert '09 Baltzer '13 Perrot' 38, P. & Perrot' 38 Soos '10 Buresch '11 Jap. J.G-. 25. Jap. J.G. 25. E. Suisse Z.45; C.B.Sean. Soc. Phy.Hist.Nat. 55. Jap. J.G. 25. Jena Z.38. A. Zf. 11. R.Suisse Z. 45; C.R.Seam. Soc. Phy. Hist. Nat. 55. A. Zf. 11. Jena Z. 24. Jena Z. 38. A. Zf. 11. E.Suisse Z. 45; C.R.Sean. Soc. Phy. Hist. Hat. 55. Ann.Mus. Hat. Hungarici 8. A. Zf. 12. -25- PULMOKATA (Continued) Species Chromo 2n some Number n Remark a Observer References H. (Heliclgona) lapieida 29^(1) — Perrot '38, P. & Perrot' 38 R.Suisse Z.^5; C.R.Sean. Soc. Phy. Hist. Nat. 55. Helllcella otvla 26* (1) Perrot* 38 R.Suisse Z.^5. Helix (Cryptonrohalus) . 16-20^(1) Oarnault'89 Z.A. 12. aspersa ti 5^3 27&(D — Perrot & Perrot' 37, '38 R. Suisse Z.kk\ C.R.A.S. 207 H. (Cantareus) aperta 54s 276'(1) — Perrot & Perrot '37, '38 R. Suisse Z.kk; C.R.A.S. 207 H. (Helicogena) cincta 27?(D — Perrot & Perrot '37, '38 R.Suisse l.kh\ C.R.A.S. 207 H.(H.) melanoetoma 27^(1) — Perrot & Perrot '37, '38 R.Suisse l.hk; C.R.A.S. 207 H.(H.) pomatia 5^s 27(1) 27(1) Perrot '27, P. & Perrot'37,'38 Z.Zf.27; R.Suisse Z.i^,U5;C.R.A.S. 207. H. pomatia bivalens 48a 21^(1.11) Bolles-Lee'96, '97,'99, '11 L.C. 11,13,16.27. b8s 2^(1,11) Murray '98 Z. Jb. 11. k8B 2^(1,11) Ancel '02 Blbl.Anat. 11. 30+m 2^(1,11) fschassownikow •05 Anat. Hf. 29. k8s 2^(1,11) Ileinert '09 Jena Z. 38. k8s 2i^(l) X-07S 23,2^(11) Demo 11 «11,'12 '12 Z.A. 38; Z.Jb. Suppl.l5-2;33. H. pomatia univalens 2^(11) 12 in £ pronucleus Platner'85,'89 A.M.A. 26,33. 2^8 Zimmerman ' 91 Verb. Anat. Ges. 5. 2Ub 12o(l,ll) Vom Hath ' 92 A.M.A. kO. 2ke Goldewskl '97 Bull. Acad. Sc. Cracovie 1897. 2Us 120(1,11) Prowazek'02 Arb.Zob'l, Inst. Wien 13. -26- PULMONATA (Continued) Species Chromosome Hunter 2n n Remarks Observer References Helix ap T I6?s HyCTomia cinctella Iberus (=Massylea) soluta Monncha (-Thepa) cathusiana M. incarnata Otala fcDupotetia, Archelix;dupotetiana 0. (-Otala. Archeliz) hieroglyphlcula 0. (~0..A.) punctata — Pseudotachea coquandl P. lltturata — Limacidae Lehxaannia marginata — Limax aeyestie — Umax (Agrolimax) agrestls L. cinereo-nii°:er 16« Meek '13 21o'(D — Perrot & Perrot'38, Perrot'38 25^(1) — Perrot & Perrot'38, Perrot'38 23^(1) — Perrot & Perrot'38 Perrot'38 2 l*2(l) Perrot & Perrot'38 Perrot'38 262(1) Perrot & Perrot'38 Perrot'38 ? 62(l) Perrot & Perrot'38 Perrot'38 262(1) — Perrot & Perrot'38 Perrot'38 222(1) Perrot & Perrot'38 Perrot'38 222(1) Perrot & Perrot'38 Perrot'38 2**2(l) X-o2 Perrot '30, •38 l6o(l) 8 in 2 Platner '89 pronucleus 306(1) X-Oo Perrot '30 8o(l) T. Rath '92 31o (1) X-02 Perrot '38 -27- Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London B. 203 C.R.Sean. Soc. Phy. Hist. Hat. 55; R.Suisse Z.i+5. C.R.Sean. Soc. Phy. Hist. Hat. 55; R.Suisse Z.kS. C.R.Sean. Soc. Phy. Eist. Hat. 55; R.Suisse Z.lf5. C.R.Sean. Soc. Phy. Hist. Hat. 55; R.Suisse Z.kS. C.R.Sean. Soc. Phy. Hist. Hat. 55; R.Suisse Z.l+5. C.R.Sean. Soc. Phy. Hist. Hat. 55; R.Suisse Z.kS. C.R.Sean. Soc. Phy. Hist. Hat. 55; R.Suisse Z.i*5. C.R.Sean. Soc. Phy. Hist. Hat. 55; R.Suisse Z.l*5. C.R.Sean. Soc. Phy. Hist. Hat. 55; R.Suisse Z.if-5. R.Suisse Z.37,^5. A.M. A. 33. R.Sui8se Z. 37. A.M.A. 1*0. R.Suisse Z . 1*5. PUIMONATA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n 3i Remarks Observer References Lymajc maxlmus L. tenellus Philomycidae Inclllaria fruhstorferl Polygyridae Mesodon thyroidus M. mitschelleanus M. andrewsae nonaalls M. zaletus M. appressus M. rugeli M. inflectus Polygra appressa Stenotrema hirsutum S. monodon allciae S. spinosum S. stenotrema Triodopsis dentifera T. aTbolabrls T. fraudulenta Cal6$(l) Ca20^(l) tot 58s 60-62s 58s 2^(1) 29^(1) 31$ (1) — 31o(l) 29^(1) — Linville '00 Washburn '9^ 31^(1) X-06* Perrot '30, •38 2*w?(l) X-o3 Perrot '30, •38 Inaba *50 Husted & Burch x k6 Pennypacker •30 Husted & Burch '46 58 s 29^(1) Presence of " 59 29-30 heteromor- 60 30 phic bivalents 62 31 in different 61-62 strains Bull .Mus .Comp . Zool . Harvard 35. A. H. 28. R.Suisse Z.37. ^5. R.Suisse Z.37, ^5- Jap. J.O. 25. A.N. 80. J.M. i*9. A.N. 80. -28- PUIMONAIA (Continued) Species Chromosome 2n Uumber n Remarks Observer References T. f. vulgata 58 s 29?(D 3 strains H It T. tridentata • n it N T. t. .juxtidens n n 3 strains H n T. t. edentilabris n n 2 strains n it Succinaidae Succinea horticola 34s 17^(1) Inaba '45 Jap. J. Malac. 14. S. ovalie 40s 20#(l,ll) Hickman '31 J.M. 51. n 20o\l) Perrot '38, P. & Perrot «38 R.Suisse Z.45; C.R.Sean. Soc. Phy. Hist. Hat. 55. S. putris 22o\l) n n CEPHALOPODA DIBBANCHIA Species Chromosome 2n Number n Remarks Observer References Sepia officinalis 6o.(l) Loyez '06 Arch. Anat. Micr. 8. NEMATHELMINTHES ACANTHOCEPHALA ECHINORHYNCHOIDEA SpecieB Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References E chino rhynchi dae Echinorhyncus acus E. haeruca E. polymorphus E. proteus 8o(l,ll) T i^d.ii) — 8oJl,ll) 85.(1,11) — 4o_(ll) Hamann '91 Kaiser '93 Hamann '91 Hamann '91 Von Voss '10 Jena Z. 18. Bib. Zool. 7. Jena Z. 18. Jena Z. 18. A. Zf. 5. -29- TimATIIEUnHTKES (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Gigantorhynchidae * Gigantorhyncus gigas 6s 3$(l> Noe '14 Arch. Ital. Biol. 53. G. naceus 6s 3ftl,li) Noe '14 Mem. R. Ace. Llncei Ser. V, 10. ] JTEMATODA Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References H0L0GONIA Trichinellldae Trichosomoides crassicauda 80 7-8ra 3.^(11) ^(1.11) X-Oo" Walton '24 Z.Z.M.A. 1. SHELOGONIA Acuariidae Acuaria spiralis Il-l2» 6ftl f lD 60.(1, 11) X-Oc* Walton *2k Z.Z.M.A. 1 Ancyracanthidae Ancyracanthus cystidicola lis 12o 11,12m 6ftl) 5. 6ft 11) 60.(1, 11) x-o£ Mulsow '11,' 12 Z.A. 38; A.Zf. 9. Ascaridae Angiostomum nigrovenosum tAscaris nigroven- osum) " 63.(1,11) Hermaphro- McDowall dite. Occa- '06,'08 sionally 5 in n. Proc. Carab. Phil. Soc. 13, lfc Ascaris canis (Ascaris of dog) Mi. 11) k in £ pronucleus Carnoy '86 L.C. 3. l8o\l) 12,18^(11) Jeffrey & Haertl '38 (Ascaris D. Hundes) l6o(l) X, ...Xo-OrT Lukjanow 8oJll) '89 l.C. k7. A.M. A. 3k. -30- imUTODA (Continued) Speeieg (^Ascarls mystax) A. clavata A. fells (Goeze) A. incurva A. lumbrlcoides Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks 22s 22o 22m 30 s 36o 30,36» 35 s 42o 48-50m 43 s 43 s 48o 43,48m Op server 116(1,11} Chrom. di- Marcus llo(l,ll) minution '05,'06 in soma l8o\l) X, ...X*-0o Walton'16 12,185(11) Ffagmenta- a ,D, «18 l8o(l,ll)|J?§m!jnto 24o_(l,ll) 7 LL n *• Carnoy'86 96(1,11) X-Yo^ Edwards'12 9^(1,11) X-Yo Walton '16 9o(l,ll) X-Od Walton '21 9^(1,11) X-0o A Walton '21 21o N (l) X,...X8-0o Goodrich I4,21tf(ll) Chromatin l l4, , l6 21c>(l,ll) diminution in cleavage 20-24o(l) 24j(fl) Carnoy '86 24o(l) 24^(11) 24 24 246^(1) 19,24^(11) 24oJl,ll) 246(1) 19,24o(ll) 24o(l) 19,246(11) 24o(l,ll) Boveri '87 Chromatin Bonnevie '02 diminution in cleavage References Sitz. Ber. Ges, Morph. Phys. M lichen 21; A.M. A. 68. J. Parasit. 3; B.E. 31; J.M. 30. L.C. 3. A.Zf. 7. B.B. 31. J.E.Z. 34. J.E.Z. 34. B.B. 27; J.E.Z. 21. L.C. 3. Sitz. Ber. Ges, Morph. Phys. Munchen. 2; Jena Z. 14. Jena Z. 29. ^...X^-Oo Edwards'lOa.'b. Sci. 31;A.Zf. 5. Jeffrey & Haertl '38 L.C. 47. X^.X^-Oo Walton '24 Z.Z.M.A. 1. -31- TTEMATOriA (Continued) Species Chromo 2n some i Numbei n Remarks Observer References Ascarle mystax (=A. canls) 22s 22o 22m ii3(i, 110.(1, 11) 11) Chrom. diminution in soma. Marcus '05, •06 Sitz. Ber. G-es. Morph. Phys. Mvinchen 21; A.M. A. 68. A. megalocephala 5s 2, 3?(H) 5o.(l) Hermaphro- dite. X fused with Gonlliart '32 C.E.S.B. 110 somes in 1st div. km A. megalocephala bivalens A. megalocephala bivalens ks J^to.^m 2^1,11) 2oU.ll) ks ko km 2^(1,11) 2o_(l,ll) he ko km 2o X (l,H) 2^(1,11) 5s 5m km km km km km Hance '27 — - Van Beneden '83, '38 2 In $ and o pronucleus 2 in $ and o pronucleus X-0o> Van Beneden & Julin »8U Van Beneden & Neyt '87 Boring '09 2o (1,11) X-0#? X Boveri '37 probably a,b,c, '88, fused with '0U,'09 a,Tj, one autosome. '10 Diminution and fragmen- tation of chrom. in soma. 2 in o and pro- nucleus. 2o\l,ll) Ml) 2|(1D Brauer '93 2 in and Carnoy'86a,b o pronucleus 2 In $ Carnoy & and 0. Lebrun '97 pronucleus 2 in it and £ pronucleus Dostoiewsky J.M. kk. A.B. if; A.A. 3. Bull. Acad. Boy. Sc. Belg. Ser. III. 7. Bull. Acad. Hoy. Sc. Belg. Ser. III. Ik. A.Zf. k. Sitz. Ber. Gee. Morph. Phys. Muhchen 3; A.A. 2; Jena Z. lfc; 15: "Irgeb. Consti- tution d. Chrom. Substanz d. Zell- Kerne" Jena; A. Zf. 3,k: Pest. B. Hertwig, 3. A.M.A. k2. L.C. 2,3. L.C. 13. A.A. 3. -32- NEMATODA (Continued) Species A. megalocephala bivalens Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References 5s 4s 4o km 4m 4-6m(t) Ascaris megalocephala bivalens 2-?m 4s 4o l-8m lm 4o 4m 3j(D 2,3^(11) 2o\l, 11) 2^(1,11) X-Oo* Edwards «10a,b Sci. 31: A.Zf. 5. Faure, Premist •13 Fogg '30 2m in Zoja '96 abnormal case. Frag- mentation of chrom. 2,3o(l,ll) X-0o\ X Frolowa + fused with 'i? A.A.M. 15. J.M. 50. A.M. A. 47. A.Zf. 9. '12 one auto- some. 2,3 in 6" pro- nucleus. — Mi) 1*0 U ) 2oJll) 3-4o(l) 2-4qJiD 2 1e? pronucleus Van Gehuchten •87 49-5^ in £ Geinitz '15 embryo, 58-62 in £ A. A. 2. A.Zf. 13. embryo . 2o\l,ll) 2oJl.ll) Hertwig '90 1-2 in £ Kautzsch '12 pronucleus. 27 ($) and 36(o_)embryos. 4c_(l) 2 in 0* 2o(ll) pronucleus »o.(ll) Kultschitzky '38a,b Meek '13 2o_(l,U) 2 in ^ Montgomery "*" and _o_ '04, '08 pronucleus 2£(1,11) Moszkowski •02 A.M. A. 36. A.Entwick. 35. Sitz. Akad. Wiss. Berlin. 88j A.M. A. 31. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London. 203 B. B.B. 6; A.Zf. 2. A.M. A. 59. -33- I'TEMAIODA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Ascaris ne~alocephala bivalens 4m k km km 3- 12m — - Nawaschin '36 W(l) Fragmenta- Nussbaum 4g(l,ll)tion and '84, '02 diminution of chrom.in cleavage. Chrom. num- Vom Rath '9^ her varies due to frag- mentation of chrom. B. Zhura. (Moscow)5. A.M.A. 23, 59. E.Zhl. Ik. Ascaris me^aloce-ohala trivalena Ascaris megaloce-phala univalens km 2^.(1,11) 2 in 9 pronucleus Retzius '11 Biol. TJnters. 16. ko 2^(1,11) Sahaschnikof f '97 Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscow 9. 2^(1) De Saedeleer •13 L.C. 28. 2}.(1) Schneider '83 "Bi u. Befru- chtung." Breslau. km 25(1) 2^(1) Tretjakoff •05 A.M.A. 65. km 2 in $ and pronucleus Vejdovsky '12 Konig. Bbhm, Gesel. Wissen. Prag. U 96-104m 25(1,11) x 1 ...x 8 -o$ Walton '24 Z.Z.M.A. 1. U km 2o(l) 2j(ll) Von Wasielewski '93 Zacharias '87a, b,»12 a,b A.M. A. 41 A. A. 2; A.M. A. 30; A. A. 42; Z.A. 40. km Makino '49 La Kroraosomo 5-6. 3m X-0?o\ 1 in pro- nucleus, 2 in o_ pronucleus Zacharias '12 B.ZTbl. 32. 2o 1^(1) Blanckertz'10 A.Zf. 6. 1^.(1) Bonnevie'08 A.Zf. 2. 3m X-0o\?) 3k- Boring '09 A.Zf. k. HEMATOM (Continued) Species Chromosome 2n Humber n Remarks Observer References Ascaris megalocephala univalens 2m i$»(i.ii: 1 1 in $ pronucleus Fragmenta- tion and diminution of chrom. Boveri'8?, '88, . '92,'99,'OV Jena. Z. 1U, 15; '09 Sitz. Ges. Morph. Phys. Miinchen. 8; Fest. von Kupffer. P. 383; "Ergeb. Konst. d. Chr. Subst. d. Zellkerns.; A. Zf. 3. ■ 2s i2a.ii: 1 Brauer '93 A.M. A. hZ. n 2m — _ 1 in % and Q pronucleus. Carnoy & Labrun '97 i.e. 13. n 2m — 1 in t and 9 pronucleus . Dostoiewsky '88 A.A. 3. n 3m — x-o£ Edward '10 A.Zf. 5. i 2s 2o i$(D Faure Fremit '13 A.A.M. 15. it 2m — ?ogg '30 J. M. 50. n 2m — 1 in J and pronucleus. Held '12 Verh. inat. G-es. 26. « 2L. 2^(11) 1 in t and q pronucleus. Herla '95 A.B. 13. R 2s 2o 1ft1.11: Hertwig '90 A.M.A. 36. n 2m — Zing & Beams •38 J.E.Z. 77. R 2m — Kultschitzky '88 A.M.A. 31. R 2m — Nawaschin '36 B. Zhura. 5. R 2 2m Fragmenta- tion and diminution of chrom. Nussbaum •02 A.M.A. 59. R 2o i*(D 15.(1) Retzius '1^ Bid. Unters. 17. -35- OTMATODA (COUTINTJED) Species Chromosome Number _2n £„ Remarks Observer Seferences Ascaris megalocephala 2s univalens 2o 2m " 2s 22 2 2m A. nigrovenosa (rJbigiostomum nigrovenosnm) Belascaris mystax 18s 18-200 18m Belascaris triouetra 22s 2l*o 44-48m Contracaecum spiculigerum 15s l6o 15-1 6m Coronllla Scillicolla 8m (robusta) Toxascaris canis 30 s 36o 60-72m Chromadoridae Spirina parasitifera 1X4-8 lo\l,ll) Schneider '91 lo_(l,ll) iff (1,11) Tretjakoff •05 Walton '16 l£(l,ll) X 1 .. J ^e or Walton '24 Arb. Zool. Inst, Wien. 9. A.M. A. 65. J. Parasit. 3. Z.Z.M.A. 1. 5Z-60 in s oma , due to fragmen- tation of chrom. 1 in 2 and o pronucleus Von Wasielewski 1 93 Zacharias '12 Makino '49 6o(l,ll) Hermaphro- McDowall '06, dite '08 9o\l,ll) X-Oo* Walton '24 9o_(l,ll) 12$ (l) X-tXp-ot Walton '24 10,120^(11) 129.(1,11) sftl) X-Oo* Walton '24 7,8^(11) 8o_(l,ll) 8o.(l) 4 in t Carnoy '86 4o(ll) pronucleus 1 8oVl ) X, . . . X<$-0 £ Wal t on '24 12,183'(11) 18^.(1,11) l4$(l) 7^(11) -36- Cohh '25, '28 A.M. A. 41. A. A. 42. La Kromosomo 5-6. Proc. Camh. Phil. Soc. 13, 14. Z.Z.M.A. 1. Z.Z.M.A. 1. Z.Z.M.A. 1. L.C. 3. Z.Z.M.A. J.H. 16; Jour. Washington Acad. Sci. 18. 1JH-1AT0M (Continued) Chromosome Number Species 2n n Remarks Observer References Cruziidae Cruzia tentaculata 128 120 22-24m 6$(l) 5,6o\ii) 69,(1. 11) X-Oo* Walton '24 Z.Z.M.A. 1. Cucullanidae Cucullanus ele^ans 12m — Martini '03 z.w.z. 74. Filariidae Filaria -papulosa 11,12m 6^(1,11) 8o(l) Meves '15 Carnoy '86 A.M. A. 8?. L.C. 1. Filaroides mustelarum 16m 4 in t Heterakidae Ganguleterakis spumosa Heterakis dispar H. lnflero E. Papulosa Heterakis sp. H. vesicularis Oxyuridae O^yuris ambigua Syphacia obvelata 10s 12o 20- 24m 6 iW 4,66(11) 6^(1,11) x-^-o? Walton •24 Z.Z.M.A. 1. 9s lOo 5*CU 4,5*(ii) 5^.(1.11) x-o£ Gulick •11 A.Zf. 6. 5|(D 4,60^11) 5^.(1) X-0# Gulick •11 A.Zf. 6. 9s lOo 18- 20m 5^(D 4,5^(11) 5^(1,11) X-0# Walton '24 Z.Z.M.A. 1. 9s 5f(l) 4,5^(11) 5o_(l,ll) x-oo* Boveri •09 A.Zf. k. 9s lOo 4,5^11) X-o£ Gulick '11 A.Zf. 6. 59.(1.11) 3-4(T)s l-3o_(l,ll) — 15-l6s 15-l6o 15-l6m 8o*(l) X-ot 7,8^11) 8^.(1) Lowenthal '89, Inter. Monats. '90 Anat. Phis. 6,7. Walton '2k Z.Z.M.A. 1. -37- NEMATODA (Continued) Chromosome 11 umber Species 2n n Remarks Observer References Physplopteridae Physaleptera Turgida 9(T)s lOo 18- 2m 5$U) 4. 5^(11) 5o_(l,ll) x-o£ Walton *2k Z.Z.M.A. 1. Rhabdiasidae Rhabdiag f'ulleborni 12o 11,22m 12,22m 7$U) 5.6^(11) x^-o. Hermaphro- dite Dreyfus '37 Bio- Gen. Sao Paulo. 1. n lis 12o 11,22m 6$Cl) 5.68(H) X-0o\ Dioecious Dreyfus '37 n Rhabditis aberrans 2*to 2^(1, 11 ) Farth. Belar «23 B.Zbl. 43. N 18m 10$(l) 10c*(ll) 185.(1) x-ifrr Kruger '12, '13 Z.A. 40; z.w.z. 105. R. aspera 13s 14o 13-l^m 7o\l) 6,7^(11) 7JU,ll) x-ot KrSnirg '23 A.Zf. 17. R. dolichura 6o\l,ll) 6_oU.ll) — Honda '25 J.M. 40. R. elesans 6^(1,11) 6o_(l,ll) — Honda '25 J.M. 40. R. gurneyi lOo, 10m 5^(1,11) — Belar '23 B. Zbl. 43. R. monohystera 20o 20m 100U) — Belar '23,' 24 3. Zbl. 43; Z.Z.M.A. 1. R. nlgrovenosa ll,12(T)m 12o 12m 10^(1) Partheno- Higon '47 genesis 6o\l) X-0o\ Boveri '11 5,6tt(ll) Dioecious 6$(l,ll) 7^(1,11) X.x o -0. Boveri '11 6o(l,ll) ^ 2 Hermaphro- dite B.B. Ft. Belg. 81. Verh. Phy9. med. &es. Wurzburg. 41. Rhabditis pelllo 14-0 7oU.ll) Her twig '20 A.M. A. 94. -38- NMATODA (Continued) Chromosome llumher Species 2n n Remarks Observer References Rhabditis pellio 14m l4oJl.ll) Mutant Hertwig '20 A.M. A. 94. it (Biitschli) 13s l4o 13,14m 6,7^(11) 7^(1,11) X-Oo* Kroning '23 A.Zf. 17. n (Schneider) 13s 14-0 13,14m 6,7$ll) 7o_(l,ll) X-Oo* Krbning '23 A.Zf. 17. Rhabditis sp. 13s 14o 13,14m 7o\l) 6.7^(11) 7oJl.ll) X-Oo* Eroning '23 A.Zf. 17. Rhabdonena nierovenosa 11.22(?)m 12,2M?)a -— _ Dioecious Schleip 'lla.b Ber. Nat. Ges. Freiburg. 19; A.Zf. 7. « 12o 78(11) 6oJl,il) Hermaphro- dite R It Seuratidae Ophiogtomum mucronatum Spiruridao Protos-pirura muris 12m 9s lOo 9- 10m 6o(l,ll) Ca4 in t Carnoy "86 L.C. 3. pronucleus 52(1) X-0? Walton '24 Z.Z.M.A. 1. 4,56(11) 5o.(l,ll) Spiroptera strumosa 12m 8o(l) 4 in $ Carnoy '86 L.C. 3, Ltrongylidae Sclerostomum (^trongylus ) edentatum Sc. eouinum Sc. Tulgare 4o(ll) pronucleus +■ lis 6oJl) X-Od* Kiihtz '13 12o 5.6$(11) 6oJl,ll) 11b 6^(1) X-ofl « 12o 5,6^(11) 6oJl,ll) lis 60J1) X-Oo 1 « 12o 5.6^(11) 6oJl,ll) A.M. A. 83. -39- NEMATODA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Strongylus filaria lis 4(1) 5,6o\ll) 60J1) x-o£ Krbning '23 A.Zf. 17. R 12s 12o 12m 6^(1) ... Struckmann '06 Z.Jb. 22. St. micrurus 5,63(11) X-0# Kroning '23 A. Zf. 17. St. paradoxus lis 12o 11,12m 6f(l) 5.6^(11) X-09k Berlin Physik. A5t '92; A.M.A. 43. B. vernalis 23s 12o\l) X-0?£ Baker & Rosof '27,'28 Ohio Jour. Sci. 27, 28. -47- ARTHROPODA (Continued) Species Chromosome ITumber 2n n Remarks Observer References Chlrocephalus sp . C. nankinensis 23s 21-23m 125(1, 11) 125.(1) Selipova '30 Hsu '35 Bull. Acad. Sci. USSR, 1930. L.C. 44. CLADOCERA Species Chromosome Number _2n 11 Remarks Observer References Bythotrephes longimanus 4?m Daphnia magna D. pulex Moina macrocopa Molna paradoxa M. rectirostria 2? in Weismann & pronucleus Ishikawa '91 Z.Jb. 4. 20m 20s 10^(1) Mortimer «35, '36 Naturwiss. 23; Z.Jb. 56. 24m (Parth.) 12o(l) T n N 24m (Parth.) — langliaut '21 Jahrb. Dissert. Phil. Fakul. Borlin '21. 80 8m 8o_(l) Kuhn »08 A.Zf. 1. 80 8ra 9s 4,5o(ll) Rey '34 Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 59- 8-10s 8-IOli 4-5o(l,ll) — Taylor '15 Z.A. 45. 24o 24m 24o_(l) Schrader '26 Z.I.A.V. 40. 22o llojl) Allen & Banta •28, '29 Sci. 6?; J.M. 48 4o_(l,ll) Weismann & Ishikawa '89 Z.Jb. 4. 4oJl.ll) Weismann & Ishikawa '89 Z.Jb. 4. 30s, om 15o, o(l.ll) Parth. Dehn Von '48 Chrom. 3. -48- CLADOCERA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer Polyphemus pedlculus 8s 89 (l) — Slmocephalus vetulus 80 ( 1,11) — Kijhn '08 Chambers •13 References A.Zf. 1. B.B. 25. 0STRAC0M Species Chromosome Numbers 2n 11 Remarks Observer References Cyprlnotus lncongruens — q(1) X 1-6~Y or Bauer '34 Naturwiss. 22. 5SU) X^yQS Cypris fuscata C . incongruens C. reptans Heterocypris Incongruens Notodromas nonacha N . monacha 24m 12m (Parth.) 12m (Parth.) 12m (Parth.) 20o 15 s 20m 16m 10 5 5,io3(ii) 24c- (l) — 125(1) — 120U) — 125.(1) — Schlelp '09 A.Zf. 2. Muller-Cale Z.Jb. 36. •13 Woltereck '98 Z.W.Z. 64. Woltereck '98 Z. W. Z. 64. lOo(l.ll) X-,-£-Y or Bauer «40 55(1) xr-J-oo 5,10o(ll) 5 8o\l,ll) Schmalz '11, '12 13-l6o 8o_(l,ll) Schlelp '09 Chrom. 1. Z.A. 37; A.Zf. A.Zf. 2. rCyprois monacha 16m CQPKPOLA Species Chromosome Number 2n r fieparfrs Observer References ... ._. Gymnoplea (Calanoidea) Anomalocera patersonil l6o l6o(l,ll) Vom Rath '95 A.M. A. 46. 32m ■*- l6o(l) -K Heberer '24 Z.V.'.Z. 123. -49- COPEPODA (Continued) Suedes Chromo 2n some Number n Remarks Observer References Calanus finmarchicus 34s 17^(1) Heherer '32 Z.W.Z. 142. N 34o 17o(l) Hilton '31 Q.J.M.S. 74. C. gracilis — l6o.(l) Kornhauser •15 A.Zf. 13. Centro-pagis typicus — 13,l4o(li: I X-OcT Heherer '32 Z.W.Z. 142. Diaotomus castor 3i«a -* — 17 in o and o pronucleus Amraa '11 A.Zf. 6. it 34s 17o(l) 17o.(l) --— Heberer '24, '26, '32 Z.W.Z. 123; Naturwiss. 87; Z.W.Z. 142. n 152(1) 17|(H) - Hacker & Matscheck '08 Matscheck '09, '10 Verh. dautsch. Zool. &es. 18; Z.A. 34; A.Zf. 5- D. coeruleus 28m — 14 in o and o pronucleus Amma '11 A.Zf. 6. H 28s 28o 28m — Krimmel '10 Z.A. 35. n l4o_(l) Hacker & Matscheck '08, Matscheck '09 Verh. deutsch. Zool. Ges. 18; Z.A. 34. D. denticornis 32m — Hacker '03 Jena Z. 37. H 17$ (1) Matschek '09, '10 Z.A. 34; A.Zf. 5. D. gracilis 17£(D Hacker & Matscheck '08, Matscheck '09 Verh. deutsch. Ges. 18, Z.A. Zool. 34. n 32m 160,(1) Riickert '94 Anat. Hf. 4. D. laciniatus l6o_(l) Matscheck '09, •10 Z.A. 34; A.Zf. 5. D. salinus 30 17o Heberer '24 Z.W.Z. 123. n 17o.(l) Matschek '09, •10 Z.A. 34; A.Zf. 5. -50- CQPEPOEA (Continued) Species Diantomus sp. Chromo i 2n some Number n Remarks Observer References 8s 80 8m 80Hl.ll) 83(1,11) Ishikawa '91 Coll. Sci. Tokyo Imp. Univ. 5* Euchaeta marina 17o_(l) Kornhauser '15 A.Zf. 13. n 12o(l,ll) Vom Eath '95 A.M.A. 46. E. eloneatus 20-30o Heberer '30 z.w.z. 136. Eeterocope robusta l6o(l) l6o(l) r R'uckert '94 Matscheck '09, •10 A.Hf. k. H. sail ens Z.Z. 34; A.Zf. 5. H. weismanni — — l6o(l) " Hacker & Matscheck '08, Matscheck '09, •10 Verh. deutsch. Zool. G-es. 18; Z.Z. 34; A.Zf. 5- H. weismanni (H. borealis) 32s l6o(l) Heberer l Zk, '32, '38 Z.W.Z. 123, 142; B.Zbl. 58. Paracalanus parvus 6o(l) Moroff '09 A.Zf. 2. P 1 euro mamma abdominal is 32-31* Heberer '32 Z.W.Z. 142. P. gracilis 32- 34s Heberer '32 Z.W.Z. 142. Podoplea Canthocamptus staphylinus 24o 12o(l) r Hacker '92, '95 Z. Jb. 5; A.M.A. 45. n 12o(l) Kruger ' 11 A.Zf. 6. H 12oJl.ll) Matscheck '09, '10 Z.A. 34; A.Zf. 5- C. trispinosus llo(l) r Kruger '11 A. Zf. 6. Co-oilia denticornis 16 s Heberer '32 Z.W.Z. 142. Cyclous affinis 70.(1) 6+XT Matscheck '10 A.Z. 5- C. albidus 14m 7o(lD t- Eraun "07, '09 Z.A. 32; A.Zf. 3. n 14 Chambers '12 Univ. Toronto Stud. 14. n 70(1) r Matscheck '09, '10 Z.A. 34, A. Zf. 5. -51- CCPEPOM (Continued) Species Chromosome 2n Number n Remarks Observer References C. blcusoidatus 18m 9^(1) Braun '09 A. Zf. 3. H 18 — Chambers '12 Univ. Toronto Stud. 14. R 9^(1) Matscheck '09, '10 Z.A. 34; A.Zf. 5. C. bic. odessana 18m 9oU) Braun '09 A.Zf. 3. n 9o,(l) Matscheck '10 A.Zf. 5- C . diaphanus 12m 6o_(l) Braun '09 A.Zf. 3. C.dybowskii 18m 9pU) Braun '09 A.Zf. 3. n 9o (l) T Matscheck '09, '10 Z.A. 3^; A.Zf. 5. C . fuscus 14m 7^(1) Braun '07, '09 Z.A. 32; A.Zf. 3. ■ 14 — Chambers '12 Univ. Toronto Stud. 14. n 7o 7o(l) Matscheck '10 A.Zf. 5- n l4o 7oU) Stella '30, •31 Bol. Soc. Ital. Biol. Sper. 5; !&*• Rev. Ges. Hyd. Hydro- gra. 26. C. fus. distinctua 11m 6oU) F-j^ of fuscus X albidus Braun '07, '09 Z.A. 32; A.Zf. 3- N 6,7o(l) r (5-6)+XT Matscheck '10 A.Zf. 5. N 11m Amma '11 A.Zf. 6. H G. gracilis l4o 6m 7o_(l) 3oU) Stella '30, '31 Braun '07, '09 Bol. Soc. Ital. Biol. Sperm. 5; Int.Rev.Ges Hyd . Hydrogra .26 Z.A. 32; A.Zf. 3. Cyclops gracilis 6m 3o_(l.ll) Matscheck '09, •10 Z.A. 34; A.Zf. 5. C. insignis 22m — Amma '11 A.Zf. 6. n 22m lloU) — Braun '09 A.Zf. 3. H 110,(1) Matscheck '10 A.Zf. 5. -52- CQPEPODA (Continued) Species Chromo 2n some Number n Remarks Observer References C. leuckarti Vm 7oJD Braun '07, '09 Z.A. 32; A.Zf. 3. I — 7oJD Matscheck '10 A.Zf. 5. 0. modestus 8 — Chambers '12 Univ. Toronto Ik. Stud. C. -phaleratus 13m 70.(1) 6+XT Braun '09 A.Zf. 3. R 7m 79.(1) 6,7^(11) 6+X? Matscheck '09, '10 Z.A. 32; A.Z f • 5. C. prasinue 11m 6^(1) 5+X? Braun '07, '09 Z.A. 32; A.Zf. 3. ■ 6 ? (D sm Matscheck '10 A.Zf. 5. C. serrulatus 14m 7o_(l) 6+m-chrom. Braun '09 A.Zf. 3. N 89.(1) 6+2XT Matscheck '10 A.Zf. 5. C. sienatus 8o 8m 8o(l) ^(11) Hacker '90, '92 Z.A. 13; Z.Jb. 5. C. strenuus 22m Amma '11 A.Zf. 6. R 11,1^(1) Braun '0?, '09 Z.A. 32; A.Zf. 3. R 8o 8m 8o(l) ^(11) Hacker '90, '92, i 93> i 9 2| Z.A. 13; Z.Jb. A.M.A. 41; 43. 5; ■ 20s llo_(l,ll) Lerat ' 05 L.C. 22. H 119(1) r Matscheck '10 A.Zf. 5. R 22-2^+m 11-12^(1) Buckert'94, '95 A.Hf. k; A.M.A. 45. C. vernalis 10a 5$>(l) Braun '09 A.Zf. 3. n 5.69.(1) 5+x? Matscheck '09, •10 Z.A. Jk; A.Zf. 5. C viridis 12m 6o.(l) 6oU) Amma '11 Chambers '12 Braun '09 A.Zf. 6. Univ. Toronto Stud. Ik. A.ZF. 3. R R 12 12m — R 12m 12- 15m — — Heberer '2$, •27 Naturwiss. 87; Z.M.A.F. 10. R 12s 12o — — Krimmel '10 Z.A. 35. -53- COPEPODA (Contin aed) Species Chromosome 2n Uumber n Remarks Observer References C. viridis 6 ? (1) Matscheck '10 A.Zf. 5. n 12m 14m Schiller '08 Z.A. 32. Cyclops viridis 12o 6o_(D Stella "31 Int. Rev. Ges. Hyd. Hydrogra. 21. C. viridis = C. brevicornis 24m 120(1,11) Hacker '95,' 97, •03, '04 A.M. A. 46; B. Zbl. 17; Jena Z. 37; Z. Jb. Suppl. 7- C. vir. americanus 10s lOo 10m 5ftl.ll) 5o_(l,ll) Chambers '12 Univ. Toronto Stud. 14. C. vir. brevispinosus ko 2o(l,ll) Chambers '12 Univ. Toronto Stud. 14. C. vir. parous 6o 3o,(l,ll) Chambers '12 Univ. Toronto Stud. 14. Hersilia apodiformis 24s 24o 24m 12o(l,ll) 1251(1) 23U0."5" 10b 5^(D N Gamasus sp. M 6 n 10-128? — N Hyalomma aesyptium Cal2o*(l' Tuzet & Mlllot '37 B.B. Fr. Bel. 71. Ixodes reduvius Ca28s 1/^(1) Nordenskiold '09 Z.A. 3*. I. ricinus 28s Nordenskiold '20 Parasit. 12. Pediculopsis gr ami nam 3m (Parth. egg) 6m (Fertil. egg) 60 3^(D Haploid parth. Cooper '37, '39 Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 23; Chrom. 1. km 2inl Reuter '09 and pronucleus Acta. Soc. Sc. Fen. 37- -60- ACERATA (Continued) Chromosome Number Species 2n n Remarks Observer References Pediculoldes yentricofuc 3m (Parth. egg) 6m (Fertil. egg) 3$ (1,11) Haploid parth. Patau '36 Z. Jb.(Phys.) 56. Rhipicephalus everts! 8 (tid) Warren "31 Nature 128. Tetranychus bimaculatus 3t 60 3(tid) 3^(1.11) Schrader *23 A.M.A. 97. (Parth. •gg) 6m (Fertil. egg) ARANEIDA Species Chromosome Number -2a £ Remarks Observer References Labidognatha Agalenidae Agalena naevia A. opulenta Hahnia nava Tegenaria atrlca ■ T . derhami n T. domestica ( = f erruginea ) Tagenaria sp . — Cal5es Oxyopidae Oxyo-pes ramosus 0. salt 1 cue 0. sertatus Pisaurldae Dolomedes fontanus D. flnbrlatus D. pallitarsus Plsaura llsterl Philodromidae Philodromus aureolus P . emarglnat us P. histrio P. laevipes P. roseus 26s 28o 21s 21s 28 s 152(1) 13,15^(11) l4o\l) 12,14o(ll) l4o_(l) l4o\l) 12o(l) 10, 12o (11) XjX^-OO Hackman * I4S 12 otl) References Acta. Zool. Fenn. 54. 28 s n5(l) 10,110(11) X-Oo" M n ll£(l) X-Oo* Painter '14 Z. Jb. 38. 11(1) 10,11(11) M Suzuki '50 Z.M.(Jap.) 59. 132(1) X^-0? Painter '14 Z. Jb. 38. 13^(1) 11,130(11) X-^-Oo Hackman •48 Acta Zool. 54. Fenn 15^(1) 13,150(11) It Suzuki '50 Z.M.(Jap.) 5?. !5o 1 (l) 13.155(11) H Hackman '48 Acta Zool. Fenn 15o(ll 13,i5o(ll) H N K % H H II 15o(l) f! M N H H It N l5o A (D. 13,150X11) N Suzuki ' 50 Z.M.(Jap.) 59. -65- ARASTEIIIA (Continued) Suecles Chromosome ITumber 2n n Remarks Observer References Thanatus formic inus Tibellus ablongus 15?(ll X,X--0o K Hackman »^8 13.15o(ll) 2 13^(11 " H 11,135(11) Acta Zool. Fenn. 5k. Pholcidae Speroaphora meridionalis Salticidae Dendryohanthea rudis ___ Evarcha falcata Icius eloneatus 28s I. nagister n Myrr.arachne f onnicaria Haevia vittata 28+ s 29+0 Plexippus paykulli 28s Plexippus sp. N Pseudicias encarpatas Salticus scenicus Sitticus terebratus Sparassidae Heteropoda venatoria (Number not X^-Oo Painter '14 given.) 156^(1) XjX.-Od Hackman "48 156(11 13.150(11) 150U) 13.150(11) 120(1) x-of 15o(l) X-Oo Hackman '48 Painter x lk 15o(l) X.X -Oo Suzuki '50 13.150(11) ^ 2 15o(l) 15o(l) 13,15o(ll) Hackman ' ij8 Us 22$(l) X 1 X 2 X 3 -0S Suzuki & 19,226^(11) " Okada'50 W+OjOm yjcrommata viridisslma +35s 19?$(1) X^Xj-dS? Hackman'48 Z. Jb. 38. Acta. Zool. Fenn. 5k. Suzuki '50 Z.M.(Jap.) 59. Acta Zool. Fenn. 5k. Z. Jb. 38. Z.M.(jap.) 59. Acta Zool. Fenn. 5k. J.S.Hiroshima U. Ser.B, 11. Acta Zool. Fenn. 54. Tetragnathidae Tetragnatha extensa ±22s 12^(11 X-jX^Od" 10,12o(ll) -66- AEAKEIDA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References T. .japonica 24s T. sauamata 22s Tetragnatha sp . — ( obtosaf) Therididae Ariamnes 22s cylindrogaster Steatoda bipunctata Theridium tepidariorum Thomisidae Mlsuaea tricuspidata 24s Xysticidae Misumena vatia M. tricuspldata 23s Xysticus ephippiatus X. ulmi X. viaticus 23 X. triguttatus — Orthognathia Aviculariidae Dugesiella hentzi 132(1) ll,13o(ll) 12oXl) 10,120^(11) 120(1) 10,120X11) 12o(l) 24m 12o(l,ll) 12o(l) X-Oo 12o(l) " ll,12o(ll) 120(1). o(l) ■ ll,12o(fl) 120* (l) » 11$ (1) X-0# Suzuki '50 Z.M.(Jap.) 59. Hackraan '•'•+8 Acta. Zool. 54. , Fenn Suzuki '50 Z.M.(Jap.) 59. Hackman ' 48 Acta. Zool. 54. . Fenn n H Montgomery Z. Jb. 25. •07 l2o(l) " Suzuki '49 Z.M. (Jap.) 58. Hackman , kS Suzuki »50 11 Hackman '48 Acta. Zool. Fenn. 54. Z.M.(jap.) 59. Acta 7,001. Fenn. 54. Fainter 'U Z. Jb. 38. 22o(l) X-Oo Painter '14 Z. Jb. 38. -67- PEDIPALPIDA Species Chromo s one Numbers 2n n Remarks Observer Referencea Thelyphonus sepiaria 25o X (l) X-0o* Millot & Tuz»t '34 B.B. Fr. Bel. 68. OPILIONIDA Species Chromosome Number 2n n Eemarks Observer References Gagrellopsis nodulifera 16s Oagrellula ferruginea Llobunum japonicum L. rupestre Melanopa sp. Metagagrella sp . Mltopus morlo Nemastoma lugubre Ollgolophus aspersus 0. triens Opilio parietinum Phalangiom opilio Platybunus triangularis 86(1,11) 22a llo(l.ll) 20 a io3ti.ii) 22s llo\l,ll) 20 a 10o\l,ll) 20 s loo'd.n) 32s l6o(l,ll) i6s — 20 a io£(i,n) 16s 8o(l,ll) 24s 12o (1,11) 166(1,11) 186(1,11) Tomohiro »40 J.S. Hiroshima U. Ser. B. Div. 1,7. Suzuki *kl n Sokolow «29 Suzuki 'iH R Sokolow '29 n Suzuki 'kl Sokolow '29 n Z.M.(Jap.) 53. r Z.Z.M.A. 10. Z.M.(jap.) 53. N Z.Z.M.A. 10. R Z.M.(jap.) 53. Z.Z.M.A. 10. PSEUBOSC0RPI0NIBA Species Chromo 2n some Number n Remarks Observer References Chelanops cyrneus Obi slum muscorum 6l-62x 6?- 68s 316(1) 3^o(l) X^-Oo ii Sokolow '26 n Z.Z.M.A. 3. R -68- SCORPION IDA Species Chromosome Number 2n n Eemarks Ananteris fcalzani 12m Buthus eupeus Ca22s B. marten6ii 24 8 Bothrirus sp. 36s Isonetrus maculatus 12s 12$(l,ll) 2 I I^ 1 VIII, TraQ s- #(l) location 6o\ll) occurs. Centrurus e xi 1 i cauda 26j 13o(l) Euscorpius carpathicus 70-84s 28-I*Oo(l,ll) HadruruB hirsutus CalOOs Ca50o^(l) Opisthacanthus elatuB Ca60-62s Scorpio occitanuB Tityus bahlensls 6s 9s,10o 7b lOs.om + 20s, om 22-?8o(l) 3o(l.ll) Normal indiv. Observer References Plza '47 Sokolow '13 Sato '36, "ijO Piza »4? Wilson »16, '31 Sokolow '13 Wilson '31 Wilson '16, •31 Carnoy '85 Piza '39, '41, '43,'i»V46, '47 lyTT-Mrj Normal 8-fl) ' in 4,5u(ll) phenotype Piza '47, '48 T. mattogrossensis on 20 s 1 h«pt»- Normal in Pisa '48 valent, £(l)phenotype 3,^(11) 5o(l) » « 5oXn) I0o\n) 4n,germ cells Luiz de Queiroz 4. A.Zf. 9. Z.M.(jap.) 48; J. S. Hiroshima U. Ser. B. Div. 1, 8. Luiz de Queiroz 4. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 2; J.M. 52. A.Zf. 9. J.M. 52. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 2; J.M. 52. L.C. 1. Sci. Genetica 1: J.H. 32: Rev. de Agric. 18, 19: Luiz de Queiroz 3, k. Luiz de Queiroz 4; Rev. de Agric. 24. Rev. de Agric. 24. lOo(l.ll) Piza '47 Luiz de Queiroz 4. -69- SCORPIONIBA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References T. mattogrossensis T. serrulatus T. trlvlttatus Ve.lovis boreus 12s 1U,9,8(?(11) Abnormal Piza '^7 ll+s.om 5iit1iiu Plza *k8 ^ »(D 7^(11) CalOOs Ca50^(l) Wilson '31 Luiz de Queiroz k. Rev. de Agric. 2k. J.M. 52. GIGANTOSTRACA XIPHOSURA Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Tachypleus tridentatus 26s 13^(1,11) sex chrom. Okada '38 unknovm. J. S. Hirosima U. Ser. B. 6. ONYCHOPHORA Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Peripatus sp. 28(23-3^)8 l4o\l,ll) Montgomery 28o, m •00 Z. Jb. Ik. LINGUATULII1A Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Porocephalas armillatus 20o 10o_(l) Eaffner '22a,b Z.A. Sk, 5k. TARDISRAM Species Chromosome Numher 2n n Remarks Observer References MacroMotus lacustris 10m 5^.(1,11) Von Wenck 'li+ Z. Jb. (Anat.) 37. -70- OPISTHOGONEATA CHILOPODA* Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Geophilus linearis 8&U.11) Bouin & Collin '01, P. & I. Bouin '03 A. A. 20; C.R.S. B. 55. Lithobius forficatus ___ 16-2^(1) 22-2^(1) Carnoy '85 P.& M. Bouin ■02 L.C. 1. n C.R. Ass. Anat. k. L. mordax, L. multiden- __- 25^(1) x-o£? Blackmann'07 Proc. Am. Acad. tat us , Lit hobi us sp . Arts. Sci. i]-2. Scolopendra cingulata 28-32s 1^4-16^(1,11 ) — Bouin »20, «22, '25 C.R.S.B. 83; C.A. A.S. 17^; L.C. 35. S. dalmatica 20-2^(1) — Carnoy '85 L.C. 1. S. daranosa 28 s 1^(1,11) Sex chrom unknown . Makino & Niiyama } kZ Jap. J. G. 18. S. heros 33s 17&D l6,17o(ll) x-o£ Blackmann '03 •05, '10 B.B. 5; Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Har- vard k8; B.B. 19. S. subspinipes japonica 18s 9?(l,li) Sex chrom. unknown Ogawa '50 Z. M. (Jap.) 59- S. s. mutilans 28s 1^(1,11) n 1 M Scutipera coleo^trata 17-186* (l) z-ot Bouin & Ancel '11, Bouin *Jk C.R. Ass. Anat. 13; A.Z.E.G. 75. S. forceps 37s 19?(D 18,190X11) X-Oo Medes '05 B.B. 9. Thereuonema hileendorfi 36e 180(1,11) X-Yo\ X Ogawa '50 disjoins from Y in Il-div. Z.M.(Jap.) 59; Jap.J.G. 25. •Nath, V. 1925. Spermatogenesis of Lithobins forficarus. Proc. Cambr. Phil. Soc. 1:270-277. (Not accessible) - -71- PROOOTEATA DJPLOPODA Species Chromosome Number 2n n, RemarkB Observer Referenc8B Pachyiulus varlus Polyxenus sp . 25a 13^(1) X-0o Oettinger '08, Z.A. 33; A.Zf. 3. 12,13o(ll) '09 Cal6s 8o(l,ll) Sokoloff »lft Z.A. Wi. INSECTA APTERYGOTA COLLEMBOLA Chromosome Number 2n n RemarkB Observer Species References Anurlda marltlma Orchesella vlllosa Podura aquatlca 80 J(T)m 80 60.(1) " Claypole '98 J.M. 14. Lecaillon '01 Arch. d'Anat. Micr. 4. Willem '00 Mem. Courouees Acad. Roy. Belg. 58. THYSANURA Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Leplsma domestlca Lepisma (Thermobia) domestlca L. saccharlna (T) 34b l8o\l) X-,X?-0o Charlton '21 J.M. 35. I6,l8$(ll) 34s ^fl 1 ) X^-Ob Perrot ! ?3 Z.Z.M.A. 18. 36o I6.18$(ll) X 1 x 1 -X 2 X 2 o. 29^(1) X-0 Itoh '33 Z.M.(Jap.) 45. PTERYGCTA 0RTH0PTERA Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Acrididae Acrida exaltata 23s 12o\l) X-o£ Asana, Makino & Jap. J.G. 15 . 11,120^(11) Nliyama '39 -72- PTERYGOTA (Continued) Species Chromo 2n some Number n Remarks Observer References A. turrita 23s 12U1) 11.123X11) X-Oo* Momma *k"} J.F.S. Hokkaid* i.u. 9. Acolophitus sp. ■ n a McClung x lk J.M. 25. Acrotylus insubrieus " 1 K oval ski '25 i.e. 36. Aeoloplus sp. " 12*(l) 11,120(11) H McClung '14 J.M. 25. AeropedelluB clavatus H Carlson '36 A6ana, Makino 4 Niiyama '39 J.M. 59. Jap. J.G. 15. Aiolopus tamulus tt 126(1) 11. 12o (11) _ A X-Oo N II R n Momma l kJ J.F.S. Hokkaido I.U. 9. Aleuas vitticollis 19s k multi- ple chroms Saez '30, 1. '31 Acta Cong. Int. Biol. Montevideo 7; Rev. Museo Plata 33. Amphitornus si>. 23s 12j(l) ll,12o(ll) X-Oo McClung 'Ik J.M. 25. Arphia pseudonietana H Meek' 13 P.R.S. London B 203. A. simplex It 120(1) 11,120^(11) X-Oo Carothers '13 J.M. 2U. Arohia sp. It it n McClung «lir J.M. 25. A . sulphurea 12mo r Slifer & King 134 J.M. 56 A. tenebrosa 23s 12otl) 11.120(11) X-Oo Davis '08 Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 53. ■ 24s 13o(l) ll,12,13o(ll) 2Xo H * Atractomorpna ambierua 19s 10$(l) 9.10o(ll) X-Oo Momma *kj J.F.S. Hokkaido I.U. 9. A. bedeli n n n Machida '17 Jour. Coll. Agri. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 6. A. crenulata n n n Ramachandra '37 J.M. 61. -73- PTERYGOTA (Continued) Chromosome Number Species 2d. n Remarks Observer References Aularches miliaria 19 b 10ct(l) 9.10^(11) X-Oo* Ramachandra '3V37 Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. 1; J.M. 61. Aulocara sp. 23s 12o\l) ll,12o(ll) N McClung nk J.M. 25. Boopedon sp. H H n n H Brachystola magna a n n Carothers ' 13 J.M. ?,k. M 23s 220 n H Sutton '02 B.B. k. Brachystola sp. 23s H n McClung nk J.M. 25. Camnula pellucida 23s (23-25) " X-00 1-2 super- numeraries Carroll '20 J.M. Jh. Camnula sp. n N X-Oo McClung *lk J.M. 25. Chloealtis conspersa 17s 9o(l) X-Oo McClung '30 Acta Cong. Int. Biol. Montevideo 7. Chloealtis 17s 8,9o(ll) X-Oo Shimakura, Z.M.(Jap.)58. geniculariDus Fukuhara & Nakahara 'i+9 Chondracris rosea 23 s 12o(l) ll,12o(ll) H Wu '38 Cyt. 9. Chorthippus arbomarglnatus 17b 9o(l) n McClung '30 Acta Cong. Int. Biol. Montevideo 7. C. Mcolor n 9o(l) 8,9o(ll) M Momma '^3 J.F.S. Hokkaido I.TJ. 9. C. bicolor x M 9o(l) n Klingstedt '39 J.S. 37. 0. biguttulUB C. curtipennis 1 — Carlson '36 J.M. 59. n 17s 92(1) /A X-Oo McClung *30 Acta Cong. Int. Biol. Montevideo 7. C. (Stenobothrus) 8,9o(ll) it Robertson '16 J.M. 27. curtipennis ii 9o(l) ii Wenrich '17 J.M. 29- -7*- PTERYGOTA (Continued) Suedes Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References C.(S.) lineatus 17s 9o(l) X-Oo Belar "25 Roux 116. C. longicornis 17s (Formal) 15s (Translocate .on) X-Oe?; Recipr. trans- location occurs. Coleman x k7 Genetics 32. C. parallelus 17s 9o(D X-Oo Darlington '36 J.G. 33. Chorti-oDUs pulvinatus n 11 « McClung '30 Acta Cong. Int. Biol Montevideo 7. Chortoeonus sp. 19s io£(i) 9,100(11) M Ramachandra • 37 J.M. 61. Chortophaga viridifasciata f 1 23 om 2^4om — Carlson '38, 'i+0 Genetics 23; J.M. 66. n 198 23s 120(1) 11,120(11) X-Oo. X fused with 1 autosome. Number varies due to multiple chroms. McClung '05, B.B. 9; J.M. 25. tt 2*4o 2Uom 23oo 120(1) 120(11) izf(D 11,124(11) X-Oo X-Xo. McNabb '28 J.M. 25. it 23s White *kO J.G. kO. n 23s X-Oo: all atelomitic' Col6man '^3 r Genetics 28. Chromacris miles n 12o\l) *>> X-Oo Saez '30,' 30 Rev. Mus. Plata 32; Arch. Soc. Biol. Montevideo 2. Chrysochraon dispar 17s 9^(D H Klingstedt '37 Mem. Soc. Fa. Fl. Fennica 12. Chrysochraon .laponicus l?e 8,9o(ll) H Shimakura, Fukuhara & Nakahara '^9 Z.M.(Jap.) 58. -75- PTERYGOTA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer Eef erences Clrcotettli coconlno C. crotalum C . lobatus C . Tabula C. rabula alt i or C . undulatus C . verruculatus 21b 21b Clinocephalus sp . Colemanla s-phenerioid.es Coptacra foedata Dactylotum sp . Diedronotus discoideus Dissosteira Carolina llo\l) X-0o\ White >U9 8V's. lltil) X-0o\ Carothers '17 10,110(11) Super- numeraries occur. " X-0«\ " Super- numeraries occur. llo*(l) X-0o\ White *k9 8V's. " X-0o\ ■ 107' s. Genet. 3^1-. J.M. 28. Genet. 34. 21s 2lom 116(1) X-00 Carothers *21 J.M. 35- 21s n It Helwig '33, '38 J.M. 55; A.3. 49. 11^.(1) — HcNabb '28 J.M. 45. Transl.A inversion occur X- rayed indiv. Bishop '42 J.M. 71. 23s iztii) 11,120X11) x-oo* McClung '14 J.M. 25. 19s ioJ(i) 9,100(11) H Eamachandra •37 J.M. 61. 23s 126(1) 11.12cJ(ll) N Momma ' 43 J.F.S. Hokkaido i.u. 9. 23 s l2o\l) 11,120(11) X-Oo McClung '14 J.M. 25. ft n it Saez '30, '30 Rev. Mus. Plata 32 Arch. Soc. Biol. Montevideo 2. ti it H Davis '08 Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 53. -76- PTERTGOTA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n 23s Dissosteira sp . "Eirenephilus longipennis Blaeochlora viridicata Encoptolophus sp . Br emnuB sr> • Euchorthiirous pulvinatus 17s Gastrimarus transversus 23s 12$(l) X-0? 11,120^(11) ftesonia punctifrons G-omphocerus maculatus &. rufus G-. sihericus Hadratettix sp . Hesperotettix frrevipennie H. festivus H. prat ens Is 12^(1) X-0^ 11,123(11) 17s> 7 5o(l) 17dm 8,9o(ll) l8om 17s " 9o(l) 23s 22s X-Oo 12o(l) " 11,123(11) Remarks Observer References .A McClung '1^ Momma '*0 Saez '30, «30 J.M. 25. J.F.S. Hokkaido I.U. 9. Rev. Mus. Plata 32; Arch. Soc. Biol. Montevideo 2. McClung '!*«■ J.M. 25. Carlson '36 Momma 'i+3 J.M. 59. J.F.S. Hokkaido I.U. 9. Eisentraut '26 Z.W.Z. 128. Carlson '36 McClung '30 McClung 'Ik McClung '17 12oXl) — 12o(l) X-Oo. X McClung '05, llo(ll) fused 'Ik, '17. with 1 autosome. J.M. 59. Acta Cong. Int. Biol. Montevideo 7- J.M 25. J.M. 29. B.B. 9; J.M. 25, 29. H. speciosus H. viridis Hieroglyphus "banian Hippiscu8 phoenlcopterua 22s 23s 120(1) 11,126(11) X-Oo Asana, Makino & Niiyama '39 McClung '1^ Jap. J. ft. 15. J.M. 25. -77- PTERYGOTA (Continued) Species Chroraosomo Number 2n n Remarks Observer References H. tubercalatus 23s 24o 120 X (1) 11,123(11) X-Oo Davis '08 Bull. Mus. Corop. Zool. Harvard 53. Leptysraa dorsalis H n Plza «l+5 Lulz de Queiroz 2. Locusta danica C=mi.exatoria) 23b (23-27) it X-Oo. 1-k super numerarie Itoh '34, ■- »38 s. Jap. J. G. 10; Tran. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc. 15. Locasta nl^ratorla M A X-Oo Cslk & Koller'39 Chrom. 1. N 120(1) n Mather "40 J.G. 39. n 23b n N White '3^ J.G. 29. n H 12o(l) ll,12o(ll) H *u '38 Cyt. 9. Locustana pardalina II n II Malan A Malan »25 Trans. Roy. Soc. South Africa 13 . Mecostethus gracilis 120(1) Carothers '31 B.B. 61. ti 23s 11 X-OO McClung '28 Z.Z.M.A. 7. M. crossus 11 11 n a 11 n it n Morita '27,'iJl B.B. Fr. Bel. 61; C.R.S.3. 96. H n H White '36 Z.Z.M.A. 2k. H 23s 13$(1) X-Oo (Normal) trisomic 2^=23+X Indiv. (trisomic) Callan *kl J.H. 32. M. lineatua 23s 12#(l) X-06 McClung '28 Z.Z.M.A. 7. Mecostethus bp. n 12ofl) 11,12^(11) R McClung 'lit-, '27 J.M. 25, J4-3. Melanoplus angustipennis " ll,12o(ll) H Meek '13 P.R.S. London B. 203. M. atlanis H it It it it H ti 12^(1) ll,12o(ll) N Nowlin '08 Kansas Univ. Scl. Bull. k. M. Mvittatus n Meek '13 P.R.S. London B 203. -78- PTERYGOTA (Continued) Species Chromo 2n some Nuuber n Remarks Observer References M. MMttatuB 23 s 12$(l) 11,12^(11) X-Oo Nowlin '08 Kansas Univ. Sci. Bull. k. M. dawsonii ti Meek '13 P.R.S. London 3. 203 M. diferentialis ii 12$ (1) 11, 12o (11) A X-Oo Nowlin '12 Kansas Univ. Sci. Bull. 6. it 2^om ■f 12o(l) 12o(ll) r Parth. Slifer & King *Jk J.M. 56. Melancrplus femoratus 23s 12o(l) ll,12o(ll) X-Oo Davis '08 Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 53- M. femur- rubrum N n n Hearne & Huskins '31, '35 Cyt. 3,6. N 23s 22?o tt it Howl in '12 Kansas Univ. Sci. Bull. 6. It 23s 12o(l) n White 'itO J. 5. kO. M . f enur- rubrum (=Caloptenus) 12s 6o(l) =24el. 6o(ll)=12el. Wilcox '9^, '95, '98 , A.Z. 10; Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 27; A.Z. Ik. n mm — mm — — Poly- ploid germ cells Gremillion *'42 Proc. Louisiana Acad. Sci. 7. M. mexicanus 23s X-Oo\ all atelomitid Coleman '^3 f Genetics 28. M. packardii 23b 11, 12^ 11) x-o£ Meek '13 P.R.S. London B 203. it N 122(1) ll,12o\ll) ti Nowlin '12 Kansas Univ. Sci. Bull. 6. Melanoplus sp. H n ■ McClung *lk J.M. 25. Mermiria bivittata 22b 22 om f ll£(l) 110(11) X-0o\ X fused with 1 autosome McClung «17 J.M. 29. -79- PTERYGCTA (Continued) Species Chromo 2n some Number n Remarks Observer References Mermlrla sp. 23s 12$(l) X-o£ McClung '17 J.M. 29. Mestobregma sp. it 12. 23s 12o1l) H Ray-chand- huri & Butt "if? Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinb. B. 62. Oxyblexita st>. 23s 126^(1) 11, 12o(ll) n Saez '30 Acta. Cong. Int. Biol. Montevideo 7. Pairohaffua marmoratus 19s 20 om ■+■ lodti) 11 Granata ' 10 A.Zf. 5. ii 19s — N Jorelli '40 Arch. Zool. Ital. 21 ParaTjleurus alliacens fastiaratus 23s 126/ 1) ll,12o(ll) 1 Momma '43 J.I.S. Hokkaido i.u. 9. Paratvl otr oisidla brunneri 19s 20 om 9oh) 9,10o(ll) X-0o? X fused with 1 aut s ome . Number variable due to multiple chroms . Zing & Beams J. M. 63. Paroxya st). 23s 12oil) 11,126(11) V r. * X-Oo McClung '14 J.M. 25. Fr.ilocleon anomalus 12s 6o(l,ll) X-OcT Multiple chroms . occur Helwig »4l J.M. 69. Philbostroma en. 23s 1247. Proc. Hoy. Soc. Edinb. B. 62. Phoetaliotes sr>. 1 l2o1l) 11,120(11) n McClung '14 J.M. 25. Phrynotettix maCTUS It II N Pinney '08 Kansas Tjniv. Sci. Bull. 4. -81- PTERYGOTA (Continued) Species Phrynotettlx magnus Phrynotettlx sp . Podisma (rMiramella) mikado P. sapporoense Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Poecilocerus pictus Proracorypha ep . Pseudopomala bp . Pseudotrlmerotropl9 coeruleipennle P. cyanelpennls P. thallaslca Psinidia sp . Pyrgomorpha bispinosa Rhomaleum sp . Romalea mlcroptera 12o\l) X-Oo\i+n Wenrlch «l6 and 6n cytee occur. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 60. 23s 11,12^11) it McClung % lk J.M. 25. 21s llo(l) X-Oo.lj-n cytes occur. Maklno ■36,' 39 J.F.S. Hokkaido I.U. 5; Jap. J.G. 15. 23s X-OO Makino «36 J.F.S. Hokkaido l.U. 5. ■ 12$(l> 11,12^(11) H Natori '32 Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc. 12. H n 11 Momma ' k2 , ' k"} Bot. & Zool. 16; J.F.S. Hokkaido I. U. 9. 19s io£(i) 9,10o (11) It Asana & Makino 134 Jour. Univ. Bombay 2. 19s H N Ramachandra '37 J.M. 61. 23s 126(1) 11,120^(11) H McClung * 14 J.M. 25. King '23 J.M. 38. 21 8 — ■ N 238 — n ri 236 12$(1) 11,126(11) X-Ort McClung '14 J.M. 25. 19b 10o(l) 9,106(11) 11 Ramachandra •37 J.M. 61. 238 I2$(l) 11,120(11) H McClung *lk J.M. 25. H n X-0o: Mickey *k2,* Polyploid '^7 germ cells occur. k€ Proc. Louisiana Acad. Sci. 6: A.N. 80: Proc. Louis. Acad. Sci. 10 -82- PTERYGOTA (Continued) Chromo some ITumber Species 2n n Remarks Observer References Romalea microptera 24o 12o_(l) Partheno- - Swann & Proc. Louis. Acad. genetic Mickey 'k7 Sci. 10. Scirtetica sp. 23s 12o\l) ll,12o(ll) X-o£ McClung x lk J.M. 25. Schistocerca alutacea n it 12o(l) it H?irtnann , 13 it B E. 2k S. americana n S. gresaria n 12o(ll) X-Oo Csik & Koller '39 Chromosoma 1. S. paranensis H lzftl) ti H H N H 12o(l) 11, 12o (11) it Saez '30, '30 Rev. Mus. Plata 32; Arch. Soc. Biol Montevideo 2. Schistocerca sp. II ti ti McClung 'Ik J.M. 25. Scyllina cyanipes 11 120(1) it Long '40 J.M. 67. Spatho sternum prasinif erum M l2o(l) 11,120(11) ii Asana, Makino & Miyama *39 Eay-Chandhuri & Dutt 'k? Jap. J.G-. 15. I N 12o(l) H Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinb. B. 62. Spharagemon bp. R 12o(l) ll,12o(ll) It McClung 'Ik J.M. 25. Sphenarium mexicanum 17e 9o X-Oo x-o£ Artom '09 Meek '13 Biologica 2. Stenobothrus bicolor P.R.S. London B 203. -8> PTERYGOTA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References S. biguttuluB S. curtipennls S. llneatus S. parallelus S. vagans S. vlrldulus S. (Chortlppus) bp . Stirapleura pallida Syrbula acutlcornls R S. adnlrabllia Syrbula sp . Telmatettix aztecus Teratodes montlcolls 16-I?e 9^(1) X-O^ Gerard '09, '14 8,94(11) 17s 17b 23b 17b 21s 23b 20 s 23s Bull. Soc. Roy. Scl. Med. Nat. Bruxelles 67; A.B. 24. 23b M H Davii '08 Bull. Mus. Coiflp. Zoo . Harvard 53. R H Meek '12 Jour. Llnnean Soc. 32. Carlson *36 J.M. 59. 9$U) 8,9^(11) X-Oo^ Darlington & Meek '32 Cyt. 3. 9$(D R Janssens '24 L.C. 34. 8.9^(11) R Meek '13 P.R.S. London. B 203 — X-0 Kowalski '25 L.C. 36. 12-18o\l) 6-8^(11) — Carnoy '85 L.C. 1. 9$ ll,12$(ll) i-ot i Carotherp '17 J.M. 2 >8. T. font ana 23« M x-oo\ All rod. Coleman '48 G-enet. ■ 33. I. gracilis sordida N N X-0o\ Some Y's occur. R H T. latifasciata fl H X-0o\ All rod. 1 super- numerary- occurs. White '49 G-enet. 34. T. maritima a X-0o\ All rod. R n T. pallidipennie n 12$U) X-0o\ 6Vs. Coleman '48 Genet. 33. N R R R White •49 Genet. 34. T. praeclara R H X-Oo^. All rod. Coleman '48 Genet. 33. T. suffusa 23s 24m 12%) 11,12^(11) X-0# Carothers '17 J.M. 28. • 12^(1) X-0o\ 8V'a. White ' 49 G-enet. 34. -85- FTERYGOTA (Continued) Species Chromo 2n some Number n Remarks Observer References Trimerotropis suffusa 12oU) X-0o\ Super- numeraries Wenrich '1? J.H. 29. occur. Trimerotropis sp. 23e 12?(1) ll,12cT(ll) x-o7 McClung *lk J.M. 25. Trimerotropis sp. f«. titusi) n n x-oo\ All rod. A pair of unequal size occurs. White '49 G-enet. Jk. Tristria pulvinata 21s 11^(1) x-o£ Dutt *k8 Proc. Zool. Soc. Bengal 1. Trixalia nasuta 23s (25s) 12$(l) X-ol 11,127(11) Number 13, Ik, 15$(1) variable ll,12,136(ll)due to supernu- meraries. Minouchi *3k Z.Z.M.A. 20. I 23s 12$. Luiz de Queiroz 2. Jap. J.G. 17. E. karymi 19s N N n n Gryllodes herthellus 23s Honda '26 P.I.A. (Tokyo) 2. ■ 21s X-o£ Ohmachi '27, '35 P.I.A. (Tokyo) 8; Bull. Mie, 5. G-. si^illatus 21s n R R n B n Tateishi '32 Z.M.(jap.) 2l4. Gryllodes sp. 19s Honda '26 P.I.A. (Tokyo) 2. Gryllodes sp. 21s ll|(D 10,11^(11) X-0? Piza »U5 Luiz de Queiroz 2, Gryllomorpha dalmatina Gryllus assimilis 13 s 29s 15^(D U,i5S(n) X-0# X-Oo* Favrelle '36 Piza '45 Mem. Musee Roy. Hist. Nat. Belg. Ser. 11,3. Luiz de Queiroz 2 Gryllus assimilis lact- uosus ■ 29s 1U, 156(11) X-O? Baumgartner •04 B.B. 8. Gryllus desertus 21s llJ(l) x-o£ Brunelli '09 Mem. R. Acad. Lincoi, Ser. 5a, 7 G. domesticus 21s llftl) ll,iiff(li) n Baumgartner x 0k B.B. '8. ■ 21s, dm 22o,om llftl) H Gutherz '07, '08, '09 A.M. A. 69; Zentr. Phys. 22; Sitz. Ges. Nat. Pr. Berlin ('09). n 21b llfcl) 10,11^(11) n Meek '13 Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London B 203 -89- PTERYGOTA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References G. minor lis — 7L-ot Ohmachi '29, •35 P.I.A. (Tokyo) 5; Bull. Mie, 5. Gryllus (Gryllulus) mi tratua (Hokkaido) 25s 13£(D 12,13£(ll) <3 Momma *b8 Oguma Comm. Vol. Cyt. Genet 1. H (Niigata) 27s 1UJ(1) 13,1^(11) 1 H n G. nioponensis 19s — X-0# Ohmachi '29, '35 P.I.A. (Tokyo) 5; Bull. Mie, 5. Gryllus sp. 21s — H Ohmachi '35 Z.M.(Jap.) 1+7 Homoeosryllus .iaponicus 21b X-Oo\ Inter- sex occur. Ohmachi' 17, '35 P.I.A. (Tokyo) 3; Bull. Mie. 5. H 21s 22o — X-0,X-Xo_. Gynandro- morph. Suzuki '31*. P.I.A. (Tokyo) 10. II 21 8 X-0. 3rown mutant due to X-ray. Suzuki '37 Cyt. Fujii Jub.-Vol. H 21s llfrl) X-o£ 10,llt(ll) Sinoto" '1+4 Cyt. 13. Lebinthus sp. lis — x-o£ Ohmachi '35 Z.M.(Jap.) W?. Liphonlus annulipedus Us — H Tateishi '32 Z.M.(Jap.) kh. L. kanetataki 19s — It Ohmachi «27, '35 P.I.A. (Tokyo) 3; Bull. Mie, 5. Loxoblemmus arietulus -Manchuria- 13,1^,15 s 7,8o\l) x-oo\ Number variable due to multiple chroms. Honda '26 P.I.A. (Tokyo) 2. n -Tokyo- 13s x-o£ Ohmachi '27 P.I.A. (Tokyo) 3. H 13s (1*4-17) x-oo\ Number varies by X-ray treatment. Suzuki '32, •34 P.I.A. (Tokyo) 8, 10. -90- PTERYGOTA (Continued) Snecies Chromosome 2n Number n RemarkB Observer References Loxoblemmus arietulus -Tokyo- li+,15e P x of normal^ X X-rayed a Suzuki '33 P.I.A.(Tokyo)9. L. frontalis 120 Partheno- genetlc q. Ohmachi '29 P.I.A.(Tokyo)5. L. taicoun(doenitzl) lis 6o\l) X-Oo* Honda '26 P.I.A.(Tokyo)2. R n — tt Ohmachi '27, '35 P.I.A.(Tokyo)3; Bull. Mie, 5. MadaB"™™^ hihinonls 15f M. maraorata lis Neraopius csikli 17s Hemohius fasciatus 15s n * N. flav o antennali s 17s H. furumagiensis 19s N. mikado 15 s N. nigrofasciatus 17s tt n H. ohnachii lis N. yezoensis 17s Nemobius sylvesiris tt Hemobius sp. it Oecanthus longicauda 20 s 9^(1) 10 fti.n) n-o$ X-Od Honda '26 P.I.A.(Tokyo)2. X-0$ Honda '26 P.I.A.(Tokyo)2. H Baumgartner ' 29 Z.Z.M.A. 9. H Ohmachi' 29,' 35 P.I.A.(Tokyo)5; Bull. Mie, 5. It tt it It Ohmachi' 27,' 35 P.I.A.(Tokyo)3; Bull. Mie, 5. H N it It Tateishi '32 Z.M.(Jap.)W+. n Ohmachi ' 27 , '35 P.I.A.(Tokyo)3; Bull. Mie, 5. it it it H Favrelle '36 Mem. Musee Roy. Hist. Hat. Belg, Ser. II, 3. n Ohmachi '35 Z.M.(Jap.) U7. X-T? Ohmachi '27, '35 P.I.A.(Tokyo)3; Bull. Mie, 5. it Makino '32 J.P.S. Hokkaido I.U.Ser. VI, 2. -91- =r' - *4 *Y e PTERYGOTA (Continued) Chromosome ITunber S-oecies 2n n Remarks Observer References Oe. ni/rricornis 19s X-0$ Johnson '31 Z.W.Z. 140. Oe. indicus n ioS(i) 9,108(11) X-OS Nakamura & Kitada '49; Kitada '49 Jap. J. G. 24; La Kromosomo 5-6. Paralandrevus coriaceus n — n Ohmachi '32, •35 P.I.A.(Tokyo)3; Bull. Mie, 5. P. coulonianus it — tt Tateishi '32 Z.M.(Jap.)44. Paratrigonidium bifasciatum 15s — ti Ohmachi '27, '35 P.I.A.(Tokyo)3; Bull. Mie, 5. Scapsipedus mandibular! s 173 — M Ohmachi '27, '35 it Scapsipedus sp. 21s — n Ohmachi ' 44 Jap. J.G. 20. Scleropterue coriaceus 15 s — ti Ohmachi '35 Z.M.(Jap.) 4?. Trigonidium cicindeloide s lis — tt Ohmachi «32, '35 P.I.A. (Tokyo)8; Bull. Mie, 5. Gryllacridae Erenus testaceus 17s — X-Oo* Ohmachi '35 Z.M.(Jap.) 47. Gryllacris signifera lis — it Heberer '37 Z.I.A.V. 73- Troglophilus sp. 20(T)o — Buchner '10 A.Zf. 5. Grylloblattidae Galloisiana nipponensis 30 s — x-y£ Nakamura '44, '46 Jap. J.G. 20: La Eromosomo 1. Gryllotalpldae Gryllotalpa africana 23s 12*(1) x-od* Ohmachi ' 29 , '35 P.I.A. (Tokyo)5; Bull. Mie, 5. 23s 12 ^1 1 ^ X-0o\ Asana, Makino 24,25s ll,12dtll) 24 and 25 & Niiyana '38, 24o due to 1 '40 and 2 Jap. J. (J. 14; J.J. S. Hokkaido I.U. Set. VI, 7. supernu- meraries. Gryllotalpa borealis 23s 24o 23s L2o\l) 1-0$ Payne '12, '16 A.Zf. 9; J.M. 28 Baumgartner •11, '12 Sci. 33. 35. -92- PTERYGOTA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Eemarkg Observer References Gryllotalpa gryllotolpa (0. vulgaris) 'race septentrionale' 'race meridionale' 'race roumalne' G. gryllotalpa (G. vulgaris) 'Nord. Stamm 1 'Sud. Stamm' G. vulgaris 'Freiburg ' G. vulgaris 'Bucharest ' G. vulgaris 'Italy ' G. vulgaris 'Naples ' G. vulgaris 'Roumania ' Locustidae ( Tettigonlidae ) Amblvcorvpha oblongifolia A. rotundifolia Anabrus sp . Anaulacomera sp. 1 . Anaulacomera sp. 2 . Callimenus pancini 12s 15s 114-178 6o*(l,ll) 8o\l) x-yJ X-0# Number variable due to fragmen- tation. Winiwarter '27. '37 Barigozzi '33 A.B. 37; Cyt. Fujii Jub. -Vol. Z.Z.M.A. 18. 12s 15-l6s x-y$ X-o£ 12s 6$(1) Eom Rath '91, '92, '95 Ber. Nat. Ges. Freiburg 6; A. M.A. *40, ^4-6. n it x-y2 Fayne '16 J.M. 28. ll4-17s 7*tD — Voinov '12, •li»., '16, '25 C.R.S.B. 72; A.Z. E.G. 5*4; C.R.S.B. 79; A.Z. E.G. 63. 17s rf(l) X-Oo* Senna '11 Menit. Zool. Ital 22. 158 8o*(l) Payne '16 J.M. 28. lifs(l5) — X-Yct Sceopoe '39 A.Z. E.G. 80. 33s 33b 33b 31s 25 b 29s 1-0$ 172(1) 16.17? .176(11) 16? (1) X-Od* 15,16^(11) Pearson '27, A.N. 61; J.M. k7. '29 McClung '02, '05 Kansas Univ. Bull. *lk 1; B.B. 9; J-M. 25. Piza '14-5 Luiz de Queiroz 2. n H K-oJ &eorgevitch'3i4 Bull. Acad. Sci. Math. Nat. 1. -93- PTEBYGOTA (Continued) Species Chromo 2n some Number n Remarks Oh server References Conocephalus chinensi9 33s 17^(1) 16,17*(11) N Momma ' 41 Jap. j.g. 17. Conocephalus nasutus 21s — x-ocT Momma ' 41 Jap. J.G. 17. Conocephalus sp. 33s — — McClung '14 J.M. 25. Conocephalus sp. 33s 17^1) 16, 17J(ll) x-oS Asana, Makino & Niiyama '38 J.F.S. Hokkaido I.TJ. Ser. VI, 6. Conocephalus sp. 33s 17fl*(l) 16,17^(11) It Piza '45 Luiz de Queiroz 2. Decticua alhifrons 31s l6$(l) X-o£ Winiwarter '31 A. P. 42. D. verrucivorus (?) 23s 12o\l) 11,12^(11) X-Ocf Vejdowsky '12 Bohm. Ges. Wiss. Prag. it 31s X-0# Mohr '19 A.M.A. 92. D. verrucosus 31s N Buchner '09 A.Zf. 3- Ducetia japonica 29s 15*C1) 14, 15* (11) i X-Ocf. Prom correction 3f 1941. Supernumer- aries occui Hareyama '37. '39, 'WL Z.M.(Jap.) 49, 51 ; J.S. Hirosima U. Ser. B, 9. R n n X-Oo" Asana, Makino & Niiyama '38 J.P.S. Hokkaido I.U. Ser. VI, 6. Elimaea securigera 27s i4o\i) l3,iW(n) • N H Elimaea sp. 29s 15*(1> 14,156(11) X-0. 1 supernu- merary occur. Momma '41 Jap. J.G. 17. Ephippigera vitium 29s 15^(1) x-oJ Mat they '47 Sci. Genetica 3. Euconocephalus nasutus 21s 11,125(1) X-ot. Supernu- meraries occur. Hareyama '37, '41 Z.M.(Jap.) 49; J-S. Hirosima Univ. Ser. E. 9. Euconocephalus varius 21s llfcl) X-O? Momma '41 Jap. J.G. 17. Eugaster guyoni 29s — X-Oo* Favrelle '36 Mem. Musee Roy. Hist. Nat. Belg. Ser. II, 3. -94- PTERYGOTA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References E. fernandezi E. spinulQBUB Gampsocleis "burgeri 29s H 31* Hexacentrus annulicornis — H. japonica .jap . H. J. hareyamai H. mundus Holochlora japonica Holochlora sp . Homoeocoryphus jegoensie H. lineosuB H. nitidulus Isotima japonica 31s 338 31s 31s 25s 21s 27s X-0$ Mat they *k8 Rev. Suisse Z. 55. 16 15,16^(11) 13j(D 12, 13^(11) I60XD 15,16^(11) De Sinety 'CI L.C. 19. x-o£ X-OS x-oS Heberer '37 Piza '45 Matthey '50 Matthey '48 Partheno- Matthey '41, genesis '48 18S(1 ) X-Ot Asana, Makino 17,186(11) $. Nilyama '38 -97- Z.I.A.V. 73. Luiz de Queiroz 2, Jul.Klaus-Stift. Vererb.25. R. Suisse Z. 55. R.Suisse Z. 48; 55. J.F.3. Hokkaido I.U. Ser. VI, 6. PTERYGOTA (Continued) Species C hromo 2n some lumbers n Remark Observer References Scudderia sp. 33s l?J(l) l6,17d(ll) x-oJ McClung '02, » 14 Kansas Univ. Sci. Bull. 1; J.M. 25. Scudderia sp. 31s l6o\l) 15.l6J(ll) it Piza '45 Luiz de Queiroz 2. Steirosys trilineata 29s 156(1) l4,15o\ll) ft Davis '08 Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard, 53. H n it it Meek '13 Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London B 203. Steropleurus cockerelli 29s — X-0? Mat they '48 R. Suisse Z. 55. Stilpnochlora marginella 31s l6o\l) 15, l6o\l) n Piza '45 Luiz de Queiroz 2. Tettigonia (Locusta) 33s . i?J(l) 16,176(11) X-0o\ Supernu- meraries Hareyama '32, '39,'4l Z.M.Clap.) 44, orientalis orientalis 51; J.S. Hiro- sima U. Ser. B, 9. occur. T. orientalis ibuki 35s 186*(1) 17, 182X11) H Hareyama '32, •39, '41 n H R X-Od* Ohmachi '35 Z.M.(Jap.) 47. T. orientalis subsp.T n l8o*(l) X-0o\ Supernu- meraries occur. Hareyama '41 J.S. Hlrosima U. Ser. B, 9. Typhophtera donovani 18c* (l) 17,182(11) H Asana '40 Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. B, 12. Xinhidiopsis suzokii 31s X-Od* Ohmachi '43 Z.M.(jap.) 55. Xiphidion chinensis 33s 172(1) 16,17?(11) x-0o\ Supernu- meraries occur. Hareyama '39, '41 Z.M.(Jap.) 51; J.S. Hirosima U. Ser. B, 9. X. gladiatom n — It Ohmachi & Sokame ' 35 Jap. J.G. 11. n 33s 17$(D 16,17^(11) X-0o\ Supernu- meraries ^>ccur. Hareyama * 39, •41 Z.M.(Jap.) 51; J.S. Hirosima U. Ser. B, 9- -98- PTERYGOTA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n ii Remarks Observer References X. .lanonicum X. longipennis X. macula turn X. melanum Xiphidium sp . Mantidae Aethalochloa asbmo liana 33s 21s Xiphidion maculatum 21s 33s 33s Xiphidlum fasciatum 33s 33s 29s Angela £uianensis Apteromantis bolivari 29s Erunneria borealis 28om Callimantis antillarum 17s " 17s x-oJ Ohmachi '39 Jap. J.G. 15. H Ohmachi & Jap. J.G. 11. Sokame ' 35 llo(l) X-0o\ Hareyama «39, Z.M.(jap.) 51; lO.llcHll) Supernu- »4l J.S. Hirosine U. meraries Ser. E, 9. occur. X-0 13,1^(11) x x x 2 - tJ King '31 J.M. 52. Erazi *k0 Paratenodera sinensis Schizoceohalus bicornis Staraornantis Carolina Statillia maculosa Tenodera (Paratenod - ra ) aridifolin 27s 13|(D 13,1^6(11) H Hughe 9- Schrader 27s 14o*(1) x-o£ Oguma *k6 27s 13£(D 13,1^(11) X-jXg-Y? King '31 Rev. Pac. Sci. Univ. Istanbul, E 5. B.B. 85. La Kromosomo 1. J.M. 52. Hughe s- Schrader 'V3 Oguma ' k6 Oguma '21 E.3. 85. La Kromosomo 1. J. Coll. Agr. Hok- kaido Imp. Univ. 10. -100- PTERY30TA (Continued) Species Chromosome I T un:ber 2n n Remarks Observer Tenodera sinensis Tenodera superstitiosa Toxomantis sinensis Phasmidae ApIotjus mayerl Bacillus linearis 27s 35 s 3 6o Bacillus rossii 20o 20m ■ 6l-63s n 36om Bacillus sd. 36om Baculum artemis 72om Bostra sp , Carausius furc Hiatus (68i?6) 35s 64, 67, 889m References 27s 13^(1) X]X,-Y$ King '31 J.M. 52. 13,1^(11) 27s 13^(1) 13,1^(11) Oguma '21 J. Coll. Agr. Hok- kaido Imp. Tfc.lv. 10. l4o(l) X-Oo Oguma '46 La Kronosomo 1. 17,18^(11) 8-10o(l) l8-20o(l) 20o(ll) X-Oo Partheno- genetic. X-Oo Partheno- genetic Jordan '08a, b A. A. 32; Carnegie Inst. Publ. 102. Carnoy '35 L.C. 1. Von Baehr '07, Z. Jb. 24; L.C. •12 27. Castelnuova '37 Arch. Zool. Ital. 24. Cappe De Bail- 3.B. Fr. Bel. 71 Ion, Favrelle et De Vichet '37 18o(l) 17.18o(ll) t-o£ C. juvenilis 41s 20,21o(ll) C. (G-relnia) rotundato lobatus 21s C. thelsenl 22om (Parth) 40,42, 44om + Partheno- genetic X-Oo. Partheno- genesis X-06, X-Xo Partheno- genetic Cappe De Bail- B.B. Fr. Bel. 68, Ion, Favrelle 72. et De Vichet •34, '38 Hughes- Chron. 3. Schrader'47a,b Cappe De Bail- B.B. Fr. Bel. 69, Ion, Favrelle 72. et De Vichet '35. '38 Canpe De Bail- B.B. Fr. Bel. 72. Ion, Favrelle et De Vichet '38 ?e De Bail- B.B. Fr. Bel. 71. Ion, Favrelle et De Vichet 1 37 Cappe De Bail- B.B. Fr. Bel. 68. Ion, Favrelle et De Vichet' 34 -101- PTERYGOTA (Continued) Species Chromosome IT umber 2n n Remarks Observer References Carausius sp. 42s x-o£ Cappe De Bail- lon, Favrelle et De Vichet'38 B.B.Fr. Bel. 72. Dixippus(Carauslus) morosua 60 o 62-64om 26om Partheno- genetic Pehani '25 Cappe De Bail- Ion, Favrelle et De Vichet'38 z. T .. T .z. 125. B.B. Fr. Bel. Dubreulia lineata 72. Bntria okinawaensis 35s l8o>l) 17,18o(ll) X-Oo Miyama '44 Jap. J.G-. 20. Isadoras subaquilus 27s l4o(l) 13,l4o(ll) TV X-Oo Hughes- Schrader '47 a.h Chrom. 3. Isadoras schraderi 34s 175(1,11) X-Yo 11 n Isadoras sp. 47s 24o\l) 23,24o(ll) X-Oo it it Leptynia attenuata 36s, 36o lSoVl) 18,19o(11) X-Oo; X fused with 1 autosome. De Sinety '01 L.C. 19. Leptynia attenuata 36s,36o l8o\l) 18,19o(11) X-Oo Cappe De Bail- Ion et De Vichet '40 B.B. Fr. Bel, . 74. Menexenus semiarmatus 45 s 46 om 22,23o(ll) X-0? 22-23m occur in some parth. indiv. Cappe De Bail- lon, Favrelle et De Vichet '35 De Sinety '01 L.C. 19. B.B.Fr. Bel. 69. Oncotophasma sp. 41 s 21o(l) 20, 21o(ll) X-Oo Hughe s- Schrader'47 a,h Chrom. 3. Parasosilia parva 53s 54om — 4v X-Oo. 53om and 56o_m occur in parth. indiv. Cappe De Bail- Ion, Favrelle et Vichet '37 B.B. Fr. Bel, . 71- -102- PTSRYGOTA (Continued) Snecies Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Phalces longisca-phus Phyllium bioculatum Phobaeticus sinetyi Pseudophasma menius Sit)yloidea panaetius Schizodactylidae Schizodactylus nonstrosu.3 Stenopelmatidae Ceutho-philus st» . Ceuthophilus lactebricola Dlestrammena japonica 35s 369m 33s 5ls 52om 23s 21s 22om t- 14s 57s 580 n,2n,4n (o,5 m) Dlestrammena marmorata 57s ( =Tachyclne3 asynamorua ) Lutosa brasiliensis 15s Stenopelmatus st> . 47 s Tachycines asynamorus 57s 17,l8o(ll) X-Oo 12o(l) ll,12o(ll) X-Oo X-Oo. 53 duced. " Hewitt «06 10s 10m 10m 14m 18m 5s, 6m 60m 60m (Parth.) 5s 6m 56(1,11) Chroms. 52.(1,11) unre- lqo_(l) duced in parth. o_. 105.(1) 6,7^(11) 1^(1) 9^.(1) 2,3*(ll) 6 S (l) Stevens '05, '06 Winter egg. Stevens '06, '09 Stevens '06 B. Zbl. 2k. Mem. Proc. Man- chester Lit. Phil. Soc. 50. J.E.Z. 2; Carnegie Inst. Publ. 51. Ton Baehr '09 A.Zf. 3. Carnegie Inst. Publ. 51; J.E.Z. 6. Carnegie Inst. Publ. 51. Chroms. Morgan '09 J.E.Z. 7. unre- duced in parth. egg. X-06. Stevens '06, Carnegie Inst. Publ Chroms. '09 51; J.E.Z. 6. unre- duced in Parth. egg. -115- HOMOPTEHA (Continued) Chromosome Number Species 2n n Remarks Observer References Aphid, star cucumber ^ X-Oo* Stevens '06, Carnegie Inst. Publ. ^,5*(11) IQ9 51 ; J.E.Z. 6. Aphid. willow(Saranac) n 11 n it Aphid 13s, om 26m(^n) 13^(D X-Xc_ Suomalainen 1 37 Hered. 23. Aphis sambuci 6&1) X-Oo* Shinji '31 J.M. 51. Calaphis betulaecolens 9*U) n « 11 C. maajiolicolens 10o\l) 7^(1) N X-o£ n Shinji "31 it Callloterns kuricola (nippocallisj J.M. 51. Carolinaia tade 5*(D U, 5^(11) N X it Cavariella oenauthi (Hydronaphis) 1^(1) tt n n Chaitophoras ?t{l) H 11 n sali-apterus Ch. sali-niser 7^(1) 11 N it Ch. viminalis 10o\l) Morgan '09 J.E.Z. 7. Cherries pectinata 20om 10^(1,11) Frolowa x 2k Z.Z.M.A. 1. 1.0^(1) Ch. strobilobius 18-19&J1 10-11^(1,: LI) 22(1) in " it Ca22om 22o_n Chromaphis magnolias Dilochnus laricis D. -oinidensiflorae Drepanophis accrifolii Dr eoano s inhum J.M. 51. tt plaianoldes narth. egg, 20 (1) in S producing egg. $(1) X-0# Shinji "31 5$CD t,5o\ll) llfrl) n M " 10,11^(11) 19^(1) XXX-o£ Shinji '23, '31 Z.M. (Jap.) 35; J.M. 51. 15#(1) H n " 85(11) -116- HOMOPTERA (Continued) Species Chromosome Humber 2n n Remarks Observer References Buceraphis betulae Eulachnus pinlfor- mosanuB Hyalopterus purnl Macro sip hum comifoliae M. gobonis M. ibotum M. pisl M. solanifolil M. sonchi Melanoxantherium sali.laponlca Melahoxanthus salicicola M. solicis Microtarsus pteridifoliae Myzocallie castanae M. querei 8s, 6m 80, om 9s 10 om (Parth.) 8$(l) 6$(ii) 89(1) 6|(ll) 7^(1) XXXX-Od* Shinji , 23, , 28, •31 X-06* 5^(1.11) " 7s lorn 9s, om lOom 6s 60m 60, om 7o\l) 76*(l) ^(1) ^(11) ^(1,11) 3o.(l) 10^(1) 6^(1) ^1) 6/(1) 3^(11) 60.(1) 3o.(I,ll) 6j(l) 5,6o x (li) 7o*(l) 9o\l) Shinji »31 Shihata »4l Shinji »31 X-Oo* X-0o\ No re- duct i on in parth. eggs. Suomalainen 133 5 . 13<5m 26-28om 5om 13o(l,ll) Partheno- Thomsen '27 genesis. 13^.(1) " " 10pm 106*s Dickson '32 Diploid Schrader '29 parth- enogensis — Hughe s- Schrader *k8 Zool. Harvard 27. Z.Z.K.A. 5. n Hilgardia 13 . Psche, Cambr. J6. Adv. in Genet. 2. -120- HOMOPTEEA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Crypt icerya rosae Echinicerya anomola Icerya littralis I. monotserratensis Icerya purchasi I. similis Gossyparia spuria 2s, om 4o,om o develops from unfer- tilized (parth.)eggs. Chroms . un- reduced in d, while reduc- ed in £ "by 2 meiotic divs. Hughe s- Schrader'30 a,b. J.M. 50; Ann. Entom. Soc. Am. 23. ks 2^(1,11) Uo.m 2o(l,ll) ^s.o.m 2o N (l) (In herm- 2p(l,ll) aphr.) (In Herm- 2s, m aphr.) (in true o) 2s, Im ko, om 2^(1) 28s, om 14f 76^(1) 28 om l4o_(l,ll) Pierantoni '12, 'l^ Hugh e s- Schrader'25, '26, '27; Hughe s- Schrader & Schrader '26; Hughes- Schrader *U8 Fertilized eggs give rise to hermaphro- dites. Males al- ways hap- loid, de- velop from unf ert. (parth . ) eggs of hermaphr. chroms. reduced in ovary of hermaphr. "by 2 meiotic dlvs. .while a single equational div. occurs in testes of both hermaphr. and true male. From correction of '26 and •27. o dev. from Hughes- par th. eggs, Schrader 'W3 haploid. Arctivio Zool. 5,7. Z.Z.M.A. 2; Sci. 63; Z.Z.M.A. 6. Z.W.Z. 128: Adv. in Genetics, Vol. 2. Adv. in Genet. 2. 7 chroms. behave as a group in t I- div. Schrader '29 Z.W.Z. 13^. -121- HOMCPTERA (Continued) Species Lecanium hesperidum L. hemisphaericum L. corni L. coryli Llaveia pouvarl Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References li+om %(1) Chroms. un-ff horns en '27 Z.Z.M.A ll+om (Parth. reduced S. egg) (1 meiot. 7o(l,ll) (Parth. div.) in pprth. "bisexual eggs, egg) while 2 meiot. dive . and chroms. reduction occur in parth. "bisexual eggs. l6s,om l6o\l,ll) Chroms. " 11 l6om 165.(1) reduced (Parth. egg.f in II- div. into 8o(l,ll) (Parth. 8 (tid). a single "bisexual meiot. egg) div. in 16s l6om I60. 18Q_ 5s, om 60,9m parth. o egg6 , and 2 meiot. divs. in parth. "bisexual eggs. l6o\l,ll) 16o.(1) (Parth. q egg.f 8o.(l,ll) (Parth. bisexual egg) 3%, 11) Suomalainen Ann. Acad. Sci. »i»0 Fenn. Ser. A, 57. X-0o\ X undiv. to 1 pole in II. Thomsen * 29 Trans. Uth Int. Congr. Int. Ithaca. Hughes- Z.Z.M.A. 13. Schrader '?1 -122- EOMOPTERA (Continued) Species Chromo 2n some Kumber n Remarks Observer References L. oaxacoensis 5s, 6m 60, om 3^(1.11) X-Oo\ X undiv. to 1 pole in II. Hughe s- Schrader'48 Adv. in Genet. 2. Llaveiella taenechina R n n Hughes- Schrader ' 40 B.B. ?8. Marchalina hellenica l8o_ Hovasse'30 C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris 190. Matsucoccus gallicola 34 8 40 om l4,2o£(ll) 6X-0o\ 6X undiv. to 1 pole in I. Hughe s- Schrader'48 Adv. in Genet. 2. Hautococcus schraderae 56m 6 ? m 3^(1,11) X undiv. to 1 pole in II. 1- 2 super- numeraries Hughe s- Schrader'42 J.M. 70. Phenacoccus eossvnii 120 12? Hughes- Schrader '48 Adv. in Genet. 2. Protortonia urimitiva 5s 69m 3^1.11) X-Oo^, X undiv. to 1 pole in II. Schrader '31 z.v.z. 138. Pseudococeus acericola 12a 12o 12^(1,11) 6o(l,ll) In £ chroms. Hughes- Schrader '35 B.B. 69. P. citrl P. maritimus P . nipae Puto st> . II div. showing 6 in tid. 10s, tm 10^(1,11) 5X-5Y6^ 10o,9m 5o_(l,ll) In t Chroms . reduced in II div. showing 5 in tid. 13s 7o*(l) X-0o\ X l4om 6,7^(11) undiv. to 1 pole in I. Schrader '21, B.B. 70; A.Zf. 7; '23,'26 Sci. 63. Hughes- B.B. 87. Schrader '44 -123- HOMOPTERA (Continued) Chrome- some 11011113 er Species 2n n Remarks Observer References Steatococcus 2s 6 develops Hughes- J.E.Z. 87. tuberculatum ^om from un- Schrader & fert. His •!♦! (parth.) eggs. Trial eurodes 22o , om vaporariorium Delphacidae Delphacodes strlatellus Fulgoridae Amphiscepa bivittata 25s Poeciloptera bivittata P. prulnosa ) 27s P. septentrionalis ) 28om Jassidae Agallia san,guinolenta Chlorotettix unlcolar ) 21s C. vivldus ) Dledrocephala ) 23s coccinea ) D. nollipes ) Phlepsius lrroratus 15s Membracidae Atymna castanea Campylenchia curvata 19s Ceresa bubalus ) C. diceros ) C. tauxina ) lie- (1,11) Parth. Thomsen'27 Z.Z.M.A. 5. 17^(1) X-o£ 17.16^(11) 13^(1) X-Oo^ 12,13^(11) 1^(1) 13,1^(11) ll£(l) X-0$ 10,11^(11) 9,ll£(l) i,9 & 10,11 £(11) X-Od\ 2 differ- ent species? 12^(1) 11,12^(11) x-o£ 8$(1) 7.8o\ll) N ll*(l) 10,llS(ll) X-OcT lofcl) 9,10d(ll) R lltll) 10,116(11) N Hirai '1+8 Oguma Comm. Vol. Cyt. Genet. Boring »07 J.E.Z. k. Boring '07 J.E.Z. k. Boring '07 J.E.Z. h. -12V HOMQPTERA (Continued) Species Enchenopa binotata Chromo 2n some Number n Remarks Observer References 19s io£(i) 9,ioy(n) X-004,'06 Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 20; B.B. 6; Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 21. n n h X-OeV Wilson '05, »06,'07, l li J.E.Z. 2,3; Scl. 25; J.M. 22. fl 22s n Foot & Strobell'07a,b B.B. 12; A.J.A. ? n 21s 10 , ii£ (tid) Lefevre & McG-ill '08 A.J.A. 7. it 21s, dm 22o, om n£(i,ii) X-0o\ X-Xo_ Morrill '10 B.B. 19. « 21s 22o M McClung & Pinney '10 Kansas Univ. Scl. Pull. 5. n 21,22o\om 21s. 22o Hoy '14, '16 B.B. 27, 31. Anasa sp. 21s 22o ii2(D " Montgomery '01, '04, '06 Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 20; B.B. 6; Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 21. Anasa sp. 21s 11^(1,11) X-Oo* Plza '46 Luiz de Queiroz 3 Anisoc :elis fallacea 27s 1^(1,11) n Piza '45 Luiz de Queiroz 2 Archimerus alternatus (calcaraior?) 15 s , om l6o,om 8cJ(l) 7,3o\ll) x-oo\ X-Xo_. X undiv. to pole in I. Morrill '10 B.B. 19. A, alternatus 15s Sftl) Wilson '32 J.M. 53. -128- HETEROPTERA (Continued) Species Chromosome Nur.ber 2n n Eemarks Observer References A. calcarator 15b 16o sj(i) 7.8ftll) X-0o\ X undiv. to pole in I. Wilson '05, '09 J.E.Z. 2,6. Camptopus lateralis 13b 8$(l) x-o£ Schachow '32 A. A. 75- Catorintha sp. 258 it Wilson '07 Sci. 25. Centrocoris spioger 22s 12*(l) X-Oc? Schachow '32 A.A. 75- Chariesterus antennator 13^(1,11) H Montgomery '01, '06 Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 20, 21. Ch. antennator (T) 21s Wilson '05 J.E.Z. 2. Ch. antennator 25b 26o x-oo\ X-X^ Wilson '09 J.E.Z. 6. Chelinidea vittisera 21s X-Oo* Wilson '07 Sci. 25. n 21s, om 22o,om X-0o\ X-Xo Morrill '10 B.B. 19. H 11?£(1) Bowen *22 B.B. 43. Chorosoma schillingi 5,6^(11) Meijere '30 Z.A. 88. Cletus hoplomachus 18s 9^(1) 2X-0o K Toshioka '35 Z.M.(Jsp.) 4-7. C. rusticua it it H it it C. trigonus it n It it it Corioineris denticulatus i 22b 12ct(l) x-o# Schachow '32 A.A. 75. Coriscus calcaratus 13b 8*(l) H it H Corizus alternatus h 7^(1,11) H Montgomery '01, '04, '06 Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. 53; B.B. $; Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 21. C. hyosciami N 8$(l) X-Oct Schachow '32 A.A. 75. C. lateralis 7^(1,11) it Montgomery '01, '06 Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 20, 21. Corizus sp. 138 73(1,11) ii Yosida '49, •50 Abstr. Sci. Res. 2; Iden-Sogo-Kenkyu 1. -129- HETEROPTERA (Continued) Species Chromosome Uuraber 2n n Remarks Observer References Corynocoris distinctus 25s 26o X-0o\ X-Xo_ Wilson '09 J.B.Z. 6. Diactor bilineatus 21s 115(1,11) X-Oo* Piza *kS Luiz de Queiroz 2. Euthoctha ealeator 21s 22o N Wilson '07, • 09 Sci. 25; J.E.Z. 6. Gonocerus acuteangulatus 20s ioJ(i) x_o£ Schachow '32 A.A. 75. Harmostes reflex"lus 13b liiO — X-0o\ X-X£ Wilson »06 J.E.Z. 3. Holopterma alata 20? 10tt(l) — Stark '29 Trans. Roy. Soc S. Africa, '17. Honoeocerus dilatus 21s 12$(l) iitt(ii) X-Oct Toshioka *3k Z.M.(Jap.) k6. H. unipunctatus 19s lofti.ii) H n H Leptoslossus phyllopus 21s 22o n*tt) fl Wilson '07, , 09, , 11 Sci. 25; J.E.Z. J.M. 22. 6; L. gonagra 21s llo'Cl.ll) n Piza '45 Luiz de Queiroz 2. L. stigma n n H Piza *k6 Luiz de Queiroz 3. Maccevettus lineola 13s 8*(l> H Schachow '32 A.A. 75- Margus inconspicuus 23s 2*Jo x-oo 1 , X-XJ Wilson '07, '09 Sci. 25; J.E.Z. 6. Mesocerus marginatus 22s 12tf(l) x-o£ Schachow '32 A.A. 75. M. marg. crientalis n llo*(l,ll) XX-0# Yosida "44 Igaku & Seibutsugaku 5; La Kromosomo 2-3. Metapodius femoratus 22s llfcl) 11,127(11) x-o£ 22s 22o 117(11) X~y£ Wilson '07, '09, •10 B.B. 12; J.E.Z. 6,9. 23s 23o 13cT(l) 11,127(11) X-Yo\ 1 Supernu- merary. Zke 24o 1A*(1> 11,127(11) X-Yo\ 2 Supernu- meraries. -130- HETERQPTERA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References M. granulosus M. granulosus M. trenunalls 26s 26o 28o 22s 22o 23s 23o 24s 2^o 25 s 25o 26 s 26o 21s 22s 22o 23s 23o 2Us 2Uo 25 a 25o 26s 26o 16$ (1) X-Yo\ k 11-15^(11) Supernu- meraries. 6 supernu- meraries occur. l2o\l) X-Y$; X ll£(ll) disjoins from T in I-div. 13^(1) X-Yo\ 1 ll,12fr(ll) Sapernu- merary. 1^(1) X-Yo\ 2 11,125(11) Supernu- meraries. 15jf(l) X~Yo\ 3 Wilson »C7, 113(11) Supernu- '09 meraries. 16$ (1) X-Yo\ k 1H5*(H) Supernu- meraries. Wilson '07, '09 B.B. 12; J.E.Z. 6. ll&l) X-0$ 10,118(11) lio^d.n) « 12o*(l) X-Yo" 11^(11) 13o*(l) X-Yo\ 1 11,12^(11) Supernu- merary. 1^(1) X-Yo\ 2 ll,12$(ll) Supernu- meraries. 15|(D X-Yo\ 3 lld(ll) Supernum- eraries. 163(1) x-yj. k 11-156(11) Supernum- eraries. Montgomery ■01, '06 Wilson '07, •09 B.B. 12; J.E.Z. 6. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 20, 21. B.B. 12; J.E.Z. 6. -131- HETEROPTERA (Continued) Chromosome Number Species Remarks Obperver References Myrmus mirlfcrmls n Narnia sp . Pachycephalus sp . Pachylis £lgas n P. laticornis P. pharaonis Phthia picta Protenor belfragei 13s 73(1.11) — Meijere '30 Z.A. 88. 13s l^o — X-0o\ X-Xo_ Ekblom '34 Z.Z.M.A. 21, 24. 21s — Wilson '07 Sci. 25. 22s llftl.ll) 23.-0$ Yosida '49, '50 Abstr. Sci. Res. 2; Iden-Sogo-Kenkyu 1. 15b 16o 8o*(l) x-oo\ X-Xo_ Wilson '07, '09, '11 Sci. 25; J.E.Z. 6; J.M. 22. n Schrader '32 s.ir.z. 142. 15 s 7,8^(11) X-Oo* Piza '46 Luiz de Queiroz 3. 17s 9^(1) n n H 218 11^(1,11) R Piza '45 Luiz de Queiroz 2. 13s 7^(1,11) X-0# 13e l4o 13s, 6m 14o,om Rhopalus parumpunctatus Riptorutus clavatus Syronastes marginatus 13s 22s 22 ? m Montgomery '01, '04, '06 Wilson '05, '06, '11 Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 20; B.B. 6; Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 21. J.E.Z. 2,3; J.M. 22. 7o.(D 7^(1) 8o*(l) 7^(1) ll|(l) 10^(11) 22s 24o 114(1) ioff(u) 21s S. rhonbeus cuadr?,tus 22s X-0d\ X-Xq_ X-Oc* H 2X-0o* 2X-o£ X-o£ Morrill '10 B.B. 19. Schrader '35 Schachow '32 Yosida '44-, '46 Gross '04 a, b, '12 Cyt. 6. A.A. 75. Igaku & Seibutsugaku, 5; La Eromosomo 2-3. Verh. Deuts. Zool. Ges. 9; Z. Jb. 20,32. Wilson 'C9a,b J.E.Z. 6; B.B. 16. >fa) Geitler '39 Schachow '32 Chrom. 1. A.A. 75. -132- HETERQPTERA (Continued) Species Chromosome 2n » Number n Remarks Observer References Corixidae Callicoriss. caledonica 24s X-Ttt Slack '38 Proc. Edimb Roy. Soc. . 58. C. conciuna M 13$(1) 12c*(ll) H It ri Prokofieva '33 Z.Z.M C. praeusta •A. 19. n 24s n Slack '38 Proc. Edimb Roy. Soc. . 58. C. wollastonl 13^(1) it Prokofieva '33 Z.Z.M •A. 19. n 24s — H Slack '38 Proc. Edimb Roy. Soc. . 58. Corixa (Macro Rorim.) dentipes n — N Slack «38 i i H n 13|(D I2cf(ll) Prokofieva' '33 Z.Z.M. •A. 19. C. distincta if ri Prokofieva" 31 RU8E. Arch. Anat. C.(Sisara) distincta H M Prokofieva' 33 Z.Z.M. A. 19. C. fabric! C. fallenl C. fossarum C. linnei C. punctata it C. sahib er,g;i C. semistrlata C . striata . vertlcalls 22(24?) s 13$(1) X-Yc? 13j(D 12o\ll) 24s 24s 13^(1) 13^(1) X-Yo* 13|(D X-Yo* 12$(ll) 12^(1) Poisson '36 Slack '38 Prokofieva '33 Prokofieva' 33 tt Montgomery'01 A.Z.E.S. 78. Proc. Roy. Soc. Edimb. 58. Z.Z.M. A. 19. Z.Z.M.A. 19. Proc. Acad. Nat, Sci. 53. -133- ERTERCPTERA (Continued) Species Chromosoue Number 2n n Rerr.rks Observer References Cymtla "bonsdorffl 26t G-laenocorlsa cavlfrons 24s Me.'talotocus pallescens Sigara(Calllcorlxa) carinata 24s s. castanea it s. distincta it s. fabricii 24 s. fassarum H s. fallen! 1 H s. germari n s. llnnael R s. scottl N s. semistriata H s. striata n Corizidae Corizus hyalinus Jadera sangulnolenta Leptocoris haematoloma 13s L. trivittatus -Y* £(1,11) X-Od 12^ 1,11) X-Yo\ X dis- joins from T in I-div. X-Yo" -T* Slack '38 Piza '46 Geitler '33 Slack '38 Slack '38 — 8$(1,11) JL-Qt Piza '46 13s 7^(1) n H 13s 7^(1.11) it Porter »17 13s l4o — X-0o\ X-Xo" Wilson '07 •09, '11 13* 7*(1) x-o£ Yocum '22, •23 Proc. Roy. Soc. Edimb. 58. Luiz de Queiroz "}. Chrom. 1. Proc. Roy. Soc. Ediab. 58. Proc. Roy. Soc. Edimb. 58. Luiz de Queiro t 3. B.B. 33. Sci. 25; J.Z.Z. 6; J.M. 22. A.R. 23; J.M. 37. -134- HETEROPTERA (Continued) Species Chromosome ITumber 2n n Remarks Observer References Dysodiidae Dysodius lunatus 31s 17ft 1,11) 2X-Yo* Schrader >k? Galgulidae (Gelastocoridae; Nerthridae) 35s, om 20^(1,11) XXXX-Y6* Payne '09 38o 16,19 (tid) Galgulus oculatus (Gelastocoris) Gerridae Gerris agper G. glbbifer G. grocilicornle G. lacustrls n G. lateralis G. na.las Hydrometridae gydronetra lacustris H. nrJudum Hygotrechus sp . 31s ll£(l,ll) x-oJ 19s 21s 21s 21s 22o 10o\l,ll) " 11^(1,11) x-ot nfti) x-ot Ekblom '39 Poisson *36 To s Ida »lf4, Poisson '36 Geitler '37 Poisson '36 Geitler '37 Evoluition 1. B.B. 16. A.Z.E.G. 81. A.Z.E.G. 78. Igaku & Seibutsugaku, 5; La Kromosomo 2-3. A.Z.E.G. 78. Z.Z.M.A. 26. A.Z.E.G. 78. Z.Z.M.A. 26. Poly- ploidy occurs in tis- sue cells. Geitler '39 Chrom. 1. 21s llo\l,ll) X-0? Poisson '36 lis 126(1,11) Large Wilke , 07, , 13 chrom. of gonia di- vides into 2 in cyte. (T) 10-15 (12) s 12(13,14) X-0o\?) Wilke '12. '13 5(1) I2$(ll) 21s llJ(l.ll) X-0$ Montgomery 'Cl,'06 A.Z.E.G. 78. Jena Z. 35; A. Zf. 10. Z.A. kO; A.Zf. 10. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 20, 21. -135- IEETEROPTEEA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Linnotrechus mar^lnatus Lygaeidae Acompus ruflpes Ap nanus .laponlcus A. phoenlceos A. plni Cymus angustatus C. claTlculus C. glandicolor C. lurldus Drynus "brurmeus D. pilicornis D. sllvatlcus Eremocorig erraticus E. nlepejus G-astrodes ferru^lneas G-eocoris ater lW(l,ll) X-06 Montgomery «oi, '06 Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 20,21. 14s (?) 9$(D 8§(ll) X-Y x-y£ n ii Rh. chira^ra 14s H XX-Y,*jz 24o*(l) 5 ele- Steopoe '27 20,23(tid) ments run to 1 pole in II- div. Jour. Roy. Micr. Soc. 3. C.R.S.3. 92; Ann. Soc. Univ. Jassy 16; A.Z.E.S. 72. C.R.S.B. 96. 24o\l) X-Yo" 23^(11) 216^(1) X-Yo\ 20$(ll) 8-10 supernu- meraries occur. 12-13^(1) 12^(11) 136*(1) X-Yo* 12^(11) 13.14/(1) 12o\ll) 13?(D 12^(11) 14^(1) « 13^(11) I4j(l) X-Yo" I3?(ll) Shikato '49 Jap. J.G. 22. Chickering '18 Trans. Am. Micr. Soc. 37. Pantel & Sinety '06 Browne '16 Browne '10 Browne '10, •13, '16 Poisson *27 Browne '10, '13 Browne '16 L.C. 23. J.M. 27. B.B. 20. B.B. 20; J.E.Z. 14; J.M. 27. A.Z.S.ff. 66. B.B. 20; J.E.Z. 14. J.M. 27. -141- HSTEROPTERA (CONTINUED) Chromo some Number Species 2n n Remarks Observer References Pentatomidae Acaathosoma 12s 7^(1) Toshioka «35 Bot. & Zool.(Tokyo),3. denticauda (?) A. denticauda « 6J(11) x-y6\ x & Y sim- ilar in size. Yosida '44, 1^7 Igaku & seibutsugaku,5 La Kromosomo 2,3,4. A. labiduroides it II x-y£ tt N Aelia. accuminata lta 8*(l) 7*(11) N Schachow '32 A.A. 75. A. fieberi(lewisi?) it 11 H Nishimura '27 Z.M.(jap.) 39. A. fieberi H 11 11 Yosida 'i^a.b Abstr. Sci. Res. 2; Iden-Sogo-Kenkyu 1. Ancyrosoma albilineatus it it Schachow '32 A.A. 75- Anna custus 1^8 11 it it tt Banasa calva 26s 26o 13^(11) H Wilson '05 J.S.Z. 2. it _ 15&1) 13.1^(11) X-Yo\ Wilson '07 B.B. 12. supernu- meraries occur. B. dimidiata 16s 160 9#(l) 8o*(ll) X-Ycf it it Brachystethns life BtJ(l) X-Yo\ Schrader x k6 B.B. 90. subromaculatus 7*(H) aberrent meiosis occurs. Brochynenr: sp. II n X-Yo* Montgomery «01,'06 Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 20, 21. Brochymena sp. II ski) 7o\ll) tt Wilson »05 J.E.Z. 2. Caloptenus sp. 12s 1^(1) 63(11) Montgomery '98 Z. Jb. 12. Carpocoris fuscispinus 8$(l) X-Y? Schachow '32 A.A. 75. 7*(11) -142- HETERQPTERA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References C. fusci spina C. melanocerus C. purpureipennis H C. pudicus Codophila Taria Coenus delius n Coptosona tiguttula N C. punctissimum Corbula abbreviata Cosmopepla carnifex Dinidor rufocinctus Dolycori'; 'baccsrum n Dolycoris baccarum 8o'(l) 7^(11) X-YS(1) 7#(ll) II Wilson "C5, '06 J.E.Z. 2, 3. 12s 6^(11) H Toshioka '34 Z.M.(Jap.) 46. 14s 8j(l) 7^(11) N Yosida '49, '50 Abstr. Sci. Res. 2; Iden-Sogo-Kenkyu 1. 12s 7^(1) 6o*(ll) H Toshioka '3^ Z.M.(jap.) 46. n 11 N Yopida '44, '47 Igaku & Seibutsugaku 5; La Eromosomo2,3,4, 14s 8?2,3,4, Chrom. 1. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 20, 21. Schachow '32 A.A. 75. Geitler '39 Chrom. 1. Schachow '32 A.A. 75- Toshioka '37 Cyt. Fujii Jub.-Vol. -144- HETEROPTERA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Eemarks Observer References E. 1 ewi s i E. parvus E. ventralis Eusarcoris sp. Euschistus erassus E. fissilis E. Ictericus E. servus Euschistus tristlarous E. variolarlus (Pentatoma?) Euschistus sp . E. variolarius x E. servus Graphosoma italicum G. rut rolinea turn 14b e£(i) 7#(ll) X-Yo^ Yosida »44, 147 Igaku & SeibutBugaku, 5; La Eromosono 2,3,4. To shi oka »37 n Cyt. Fujii Jub. -Vol. 12b 12o 7/(1) 6^(11) N Foot & Strobi '12 ill A.Zf. 9. 14s l4o Bjftl) 7^(11) II Wilson "OS, '06 J.E.Z. 2,3. H n Wilson '06 J.E.Z. 3. 14s 14o n Wilson '06 1 14m flftl) 7^(11) If Foot & Strobell»l4 A. Zf. 12. 14s 8/(1) 7^(11) X-Y# Montgomery •CI, »06 Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 20, 21. 14s l4o — n Wilson '06 J.E.Z. 3. 14b 8^(1) 73Xii) H Montgomery •97, '98, '01, •06, '10, '11 Z.A. 20; Z.Jb. 12; Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 20, 21; A.Zf. 5; J.M. 22. 14s — M Wilson '06 J.E.Z. 3. 14m 8$(l) 7*(ll) II Foot A Strobell'14 A.Zf. 12. 13,14,15s §,9,10, 6,7,8,9 (11) 11 Montgomery '10, '11 A.Z.M.A. 5; J.M. 22. 14s 8-5^(11) Foot & Strobell'14 A.Zf. 12. — 8o\l) ?£(ll) X-Y? Geitler '39 Chrom. 1. 14b N R Yosida 'W, •50 Abstr. Sci. Res. 2; Iden-Sogo-Kenkyu 1. -145- HETEROPTERA (Continued) Species Chromosome IT umber 2n n Remarke Observer References G-. semipunctata Halyor.orpha picas Lelia decempunctata Loxa flavicollis L. florida Iks 8$(l) X-Y(T Schachov '32 7^(11) h h n Nishimura '35 Yoeida 'W+, 147 X-Yo\ Retero- ploidy occurs. 16-30&1) 1^6 8*(l) 7^(11) X-Y Eetero- ploidy occurs. L. picticornis Schrader «U5 a,b Bowen '22 Schrader • JU-5 Schrader A.A. 75- Manshu Hakubotsu.- Kaiho (1935) Igaku & Seibutsogaku, 5; La Kromosomo2-3,4 B.B. 88: J.M. 76. B.B. ^3. B.B. 88. B.B. 88: J.M. 76. •45 a,b Mayrinia ve.riegata ii n it Schrader l hS B.B. 88. Megymenum ^racilicorne 20s lljtl) ioJ-(ii) X-Y# Toshioka '35 Xonchu 9. I'.ecistorhinus melanoleucus Ika 8o*(l) 7^(11) X-Yo\ aberrant Schrader •1*6 B.B. 90. meiosis occurs. } A . sepulcralis M. triptcrus Mpnide violacea Mineus bioculatus Mormidea lugens IUb II X-Y6 Yosida '49, '50 Abstr. Sci. Res. 2; Iden-Sogo-Kenkyu 1. 7o\tid) X~Yo\ X & Y sim- ilar in size. Wilson '06 J.E.Z. 3. 8o*(l) 7^(11) X-Yo* Montgomery '01, '06 Trane. Am. Phil. Soc. 20, 21. -146- HSTEROPTERA (Continued) Species Chromos 2n oine Kunber Reir.arks Observer References Mur^antia hlstrionica Neodir.e macraspis Nezara antennata it N. hilaris 1L S 14s l4o 14s l4 S 14o 14s 7^(11) 8*(l) 7^(11) rf(ll 73\lD 8&1) 7^(11) N. viridula ii ti Oebalus pugnax 10e lOo Ophryatrocha sp. iw k&l) 2-i^(ll) Odontotarsus purpurolineatus 12s 7^(1) 6#(11) Odontotarsus robustus 12s ltd) 66*(ll) Palomena angulosa 16s l6o 8^(11) P. pirsina 16s n Pentatoma juniperina 14s — — — (Chlorochroa) P. senilis (Phytodolomla) 6s 4o*(l) 3^(11) P. rufipes 86*(l) 7o*(ll) Bowen '22 J.M. 37. Aberrant Schrrder % k6 P.P. 90. meiosis occurs. Nishimura "27 Z.M.(Jap.) 39. Yosida '49, '50 Montgomery '01. '06 X-Yo\ X Wilson 'C5, & Y sim- 'C6 ilar in size. X-Yo^ Wilson 'C5, '11 " Wilson '09 'L- Y$ K-YcT Abstr. Sci. Res. 2; Iden-Sogo-Kenkyu 1, Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 20, 21. J.E.Z. 2,3. J.E.Z. 2, 22. J.E.Z. 6. Montgomery 1 98 Z.Jb. 12. X-Y. Perillus confluens Peroaatus notatus Picroirterus "bidens Piezodorus lituratus Platycarneus notalatus Podisus bracteatus li)-s 8(8-11)^(1) X-Y6 Montgomery 7(6-9)^(11) «97. , 98, , 01 l '06,'10,«11 14o Iks 12s 1*4-8 lii£ 8*(l) 7ft 11) 7&D 6^(11) 76X11 3 P. crocatus ti ___ P. modestus 16s P. placidus it P. spinosus (macullventris) 16 8 96^(1) 8o\ll) it 16 8 l6o It Polomena prasima (palomenaT) l6s It P. venustissimus It II Rhytidolomia sancia Iko Rh. (Pentatoma) senilis 6s 6o 33(1,11 X-Yd* X-Yo\ Aberrant Meiosis occurs. x-y£ X-Yo\ X & Y sim- ilar in size. Yosida "44, '^7 Montgomery '01, '06 Schrader , kl Geitler »39 Yosida'^, '4? Schachow '32 Schrader '46 Wilson '09 Montgomery 'CI, '06 Wilson '05, '06 Z.A. 20; Z. Jb. 12; Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 20,21; A. Zf. 5; J.M. 22. Igaku & Seibutsugaku 5; La Kromosomo 2,3,'+. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 20, 21. B.B. 81. Chrom. 1. Igaku & Seibutsugaku 5; La Kromosomo 2, 3,**-. A.A. 75. B.B. 90. Proc. 7th Int. Zool, Cong. Boston, 1907. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 20, 21. J.2.Z. 2,3. Schachow '32 A.A. 75. Schrader 'i+0 J.M. 67. -U18- HETERQPTERA (Continued) Species Chromo 2n some Number n Remarks Observer References Scotinophora horvathi 11* afci) 7^(11) X-Yo^ Toshioka x ~}k Oyo-Dobutsugaku-Z . Stiretrus anchorage- Ike 1*40 — H Wilson '09 J.E.Z. 6. Thyanta calceata 27b 28o 156(1) XjXj-p-Yo Wilson '09, '11 Proc. 7th Int. Zool. Cong. Boston, 1909; J.M. 22. T. custator 16 s I60 — X-Y# Wilson '11 J.M. 22. Trichopepla semivittata 16s 8o\l) 7*(H) n Montgomery 'Ol.'O^.'OS Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 20; B.B. 6; Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 21. N 8-9o(l) 70X11) X-Yo\ Small chroms . of gonia usually lacking in cytes. Wilson '05 J.E.Z. 2. Tropic oris .iaponicum 1*4-6 8o\l) 7o\ll) X-Yo" Nishimura '35 Manshu Hakubutsu.- Kaiho (1935). Phymatidae Phymata wolffi (7) 29? 8 15^(D X-oft?) Montgomery '01,'06 Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 20, 21. Pyrrochoridae Dysdercus ruficollis 13s 7ftl.ll) x-o2 Piza '^7 Leiz de Queirez k. Euryophthalmus rufinennie 1 n 11 Piza >k6 Leiz de Queirez 3. Largus cinctus lis 12o X-Od* Wilson '07, •09 Sci. 25; J.E.Z. 6. L. succlntus Pyrrochoris apterus 13s l4o 2*4-8 , dm 2i40,om l2o\l) 11-12^(11) 12^(1,11) Henking '90, Int. Monata. Anat, •91, '92 Phys. 7; Z.W.Z. 51, 5^. -11+9- KETEROPTERA (Continaed) Species Chromosome Numher 2n n Remarks Observer References Pyrrochorls apterus Reduvidae Acholla amp 1 lata ( r.ultisplnosa ) A. zjaktis =££§5 ( Sinea dindena ) 24s, m 126*(l,ll) XX-0$ Gross '06, 24o ll,12(ti4) ' 12 23s 24o Api^'.eris crasslpes Conorhinus sanguis aga.s Diplacodas exsan.^uis Fitchia splnosula Macrothylr.cia rubi Pnirontis modesta Polldidas r.r'iatissixus Prionidus crlstatus X-Oo^ Wilson '09a, b Z.Jb. 23, 32. J.E.Z. 6; B.B. 16. 32s 166(1,11) Montgomery •01,'06,'10 Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 20, 21; A. Zf. 5. l6o^(l) — Payne '10 B.B. 18. 16^(1,11) 3 ele- ments associ- ated in I-div. Montgomery •01, '66, '16 Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 20, 21; A. Zf. 5. 26s 10 l6c*(l,ll) ll,15(tid) 5X-Yo f " Payne '10 B.B. 18. 24s 13j(D lz£(ll) X-Yo* Payne '12 J.M. 23. 23s 13^(1.11) ll,12(tid) XX-Yo* Payne '09, •12 B.B. 16; J.M. 23 26 on 26qm I4#(l) 13^(11) X-Y6* Payne '09 B.B. 16. 27s 28o 15^(1.11) 13,l4(tid) XX-Yd* Payne '09 B.B. 16. vdii) Me i J ere '30 Z.A. 88. 25^ 1^(1,11) li.lU(tid) XXXX-Yo* Payne '12 J.M. 23- 12s 7}(1) 62(11) X-Yo\ X & Y sim- ilar in size. Toshioka '36 Konchu 10. 26s — — Montgomery '01, '06 Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 20, 21. -150- HETEROPTERA (Continued) Chroao: 3ome Number Species 2n n Remarks Observer Prionidus cristatus 26s 28o 15^(1,11) 12,lMtid) XXX-Yes ) S. rileyi — 18o(l,li) l3,17(tid) 5X-Yo S Payne '12 J.M. 23. Velinus nodipes 28s l6o(l) XXX-Yo Toshioka '33 Oyo-Dobutsusaku-Z. *, . Tingitidae Stephanltis nashi Tinf:is clavata Velliidae Velin cur r en s 30o 13o(ll) I3,l5(tid) 28s 160(1) 13^(11) 13.15 (tid) Ike 7o'(l,ll) Yosida »J|4, 1^7 X-Yo. X Toshioka »34 disjoins from Y in I-div. 7o(l,ll) Montgomery '01, '06 Igaku & Seibutsugaku 5; La Kromosomo 2,J,k. Oyo-Dobutsugaku-Z. 5, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phi la. 53; Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 21. 25 s 13o(l) X-Oo Poisson '36 A.Z.E.S. 78. -I5I- NEUROPTERA Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References MEGALOPTEBA Raphidiidae Rhaphldia nlgricollis 2^s 24^m R. xaathoetlffna Sialidae Chauliodes japonicus Protohermes grandis PLANIPENITIA Ascalaphidae 26 s 20 s 20o 23s Chrysopidae Chrysopa aspersa (Ch . 12s, prasina ; Ch. (Chrysotropla ) al"ba Ch. carnea Ch. cognatella 12s 12om 12^(1) Ascalaphus ictericus 20 10o(l) corsicuss A. libelluloides 22c, am V llo(l, A. longicornls 22o — Glyptobasis dentifera 22s 11 __ Hybrls subjacens ll£(l,ll O^co^aster segmentator N X-YcT X-y£ X-Yo X-YoT X-Yo 66*(l) 6o(l,ll) 7o(l) X-Yd Naville & Arch. d'Anat. Beaumont '36 Micr. 32. Klingstedt '37 Nat. 139. Itoh '33 Z.M. (Jap.) U5, Naville & Arch. d'Anat. Beaumont '36 Mlcr. 29. X-X£ it n X-YcT Asar\a & J.F.S. Hokkaido Kichijo «36 I.U. Ser. 71, 5. n Katayama '39 Jap. J.G. 15. it Asana & J.F.S. Hokkaido Kichijo '36 I.U. Ser. VI, 5. Naville & Arch. d'Anat, Beaumont '33, Micr. 29, 32. '36 Klingstedt 133 6o(l,ll) X-Y x-y5 n H 12s 12o , om R H Naville & Beaumont '33 Arch. d'Anat. Micr. 29. 16s n Bruckner '35 Jena Z. 69. 10 s 5o(l) H Kaville & Beaumont *33 Arch. d'Anat. Micr. 29. 12s 6o A (l) II Kichijo »3U J.F.S. Hokkaido I.U. Ser. VI, 3. -153- 1TFUR0PTERA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Coniopterygidae Senidali-: albata I80 Kichijo '43 Nagasaki Med. Jour. 21, S. aleurodifonnis 18o,om — __ — Naville & Beaumont "33 Arch. Micr. d'Anat. 29. He^orobiidae Hemerobius humuli lUs 7*(l) x-y£ Naville & Beaumont '36 Arch. Micr. d'Anat. 32. H. humuli nus ii N Klingstedt • 33 Mem. Fenn. Soc. F. Fl 10. H. limbatellus (H. sti.^ia) lik>,om X-Xo Naville & Beaumont '33 Arch. Micr. d'Anat. 29. H. -nini (H. atrifrons) Iks, l4o,oni 7o(l,ll) X-Yo ti it H. stigma lUs 70(1,11) n Xlingstedt '33 Mem. Fenn. Soc. F. Fl 10. Manti?pidae Man ti spa styrlaca Mynneleonidae Acanthaclisls japonica Creagris plumbea Mac r en en 1 . ur us appendi- culatus Macronemurus sp . Morter hyalinus 18s 90*(1,11) X-Yo Naville & Arch. d'Anat. Beaumont '33 Micr. 29. Myrmecaelurus acerbus (7 ) Mynneleon europaeus 7?(l) X-Yo Ikeda & Kichijo '35 Z.M.(Jap.) k7. 18 s 9^(1.11) ti Naville & Beaumont '36 Arch. d'Anat. Micr. 32. 16s 8o"(l,ll) 8o_(l) X-Y? Naville & Beaumont '33 Arch. d'Anat. Micr. 29. n 8o(l,ll) ii Asana & Kichijo '?6 J.F.S. Hokkaido I.TJ. Ser. VI, 5. 11*9 7o"(l,ll) n Naville & Beaumont '36 Arch. d'Anat. Micr. 32. II n n Asana & Kichijo •36 J.F.S. Hokkaido I.TJ. Ser. VI, 5. l^s , 6m l4o, om Naville & Beau- mont '32, '33 C.R. Soc. Phy. Hist. Hat. Geneve k9\ Arch. d'Anat. Micr. 29. -15k- ITELT.OPTERA (Continued) Chromosome Number Species Remarks Observer References M. formlcarius M. sa.qax (7) 14s Neuroleon sp . 16s Palmares libelluloides 26s P. o?.rdus asanai 26s 7^(1,11) X-Y Harrison '33 Regnart '30 Regnart "30 J.G. 27- Proc. Univ. Durham. Phil. Soc. 9. Harrison '33 J.G. 2?. Proc. Univ. Durham. Phil. Soc. 9. 3eliajeff«30 Z.I.A.V. 54. n B " Z.I.A.V. 54. Federley '38 Hered. 24. Federley '38 Hered. 2k. Lorkovic '41 Chrom.2. ti 11 Federley '38 Hered. 2k. Lorkovic '41 Chrom.2. Federley '38 Hered. 24. Lorkovi6 '41 Chrom.2. LEPLDOPTERA (Continued) Species Hyponometuti dae Hypnoomeuta evonymella Chromosome JTumber 2n n Remarks 0"b server 31o(l) — References Regnart '30 Proc. Univ. Dur- ham. Phil. Soc. 9. Japonomeutidae Japonomeuta evonymella 31o(l,ll) Beliajeff«30 Z.I.A.V. 54. Las io camp i dae Cosraotriche rotatoria — - 31o(D — n 31o(l,ll) Dendrolimus .iezoensis 60s 30o(l,ll) D. pini 3oJ(l.ll) D. spectabilis 60s ti Maracosoma castrense — 31^(1) M. neustria — N Trichiura Crataegi — 28^(1,11) Kernewitz '14, •15 Beliajeff '30 Makino «33 Kernewitz '14, '15 Z.A. 45; Arch. ITaturges. 81. Z.I. A. 7. 5k. P. I. A. (Tokyo)9. Z.A* 45; Arch. ITaturges. 81. Makino '33 P.I.A. (Tokyo)9. Kernewitz '14 »15 Z.A. 45; Arch. Naturges. 81. Beliajeff '30 Z.I.A.V. 54. Occasion- Federley'45 ally 29, due to non-dis- junction. Soc. Sci. Fenn. Comm. Biol. 9. Libytheidae Libythea celtis 3lS(l,ll) Lorkovic '41 Chrom.2. Lycaenidae Callophrys rubl Celastrina argiolus Chrvaophanus hippothoe 23$ (l) 25S(1,11) 24 ? (1) -164- Pederley '38 Hered. 24. T.orkovic '/*1 Chrom.2. Federley '38 Hered. 2k. LEPIDOPTERA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References C. phlaeas C. virgaureae Cupido alcetus C. argjades C. decolorata C. minimus C. sebrus Cyaniris argiolus Glaucopsyche arion G. cyllarus Lamp ides boeticus Lycaena agyrognomon L. aaandus L. argus L. arion L. astrarehe L. euraedon L. dorilis Lvcaena icarus L. optilete 2^(1,11) 24o.(l) 245(1,11) 24^(1) 265(1,11) 245(1,11) 255(1,11) 245(1,11) 245(1) 25$(D 25$ (1) 255(1) — 2*1$ (1) 24^(1, 11) 2^(1) 25$(D — 23o_(l) ii 23|.(1) 23o (1,11) — 24o(l) 24^(1) — 245(1,11) 23$(l) 22-23o_(l) 24o(l) 24^(1) Federley »58 Hered. 24. Lorkovi6 '41 Chrom.2. Federley '38 Hered. 24. Lorkovi6 '41 Chrom.2. n it Federley '42 Hered. 28. Federley '38 Hered. 24. Lorkovi6 '41 Chro™. 2. Federley '38 Hered. 24. -165- LEPIDOPTERA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References L. phlaeas L, semiar.e^is Lycaeides Idas Philotes vicrama Folyommatus amandus P. arpyropmomon P. P. euer~etes ar.ru s bellarmis P. coriion P. P. eros euroedon P. p. hylas icarus P. Idas armoricana P. Idas croatica P. medon P. mel eager P. semiareus P. thersites Scolitantides orion Syntarucus tellcanus Thecla -pruni ?48(1,11) Lorkovic '41 Chrom. 2. 2^(1) Federley '38 Hered. 24. 19_24s 9-13^(1) Number Valle «2& Experientia 4. variable 248(1) Lorkovic" '41 Chrom. 2. 24S(1,11) 238(1,11) 458(1,11) 908(1,11) 238(l,n) 248(1,11) 238(1,11) 248(1,11) 248(1) 248(1,11) 238(1,11) 248(1) 23^(1) Beliajeff'30 Z.I.A.V. 54. -165A- LEPIDQPTERA (Continued) Species Zephyrus betulae Chromosome Number 2a n Remarks l6(?)o_(l) Observer References Federley '38 Hered. 2k. Lymantriidae Dasychira pudlbunda D. selenitica Lynantria dispar L. jBDOnica L. monacha Crgyia antiaua 0. ericae 0. Konostisma 870(1,11) — Bella jeff '30 Z.I.A.V. 5k. 22o(l) Wio(l) (to) to due to bi- nucle- ate cells? Federley *k$ Soc. Sci. Fenn. Comm. Biol. 9. 62s 62o 31o(l,ll) 3ljj>(l) Seller '34 Z.M.(Jap.) 45; Jap. J.G. 10. tt 49o*(l) Kadota '21 Z.M. (Jap.) 33. A. yamamai 31^(1,11) Kawaguchi '33, '34 Z.M. (Jap.) 45; Jap. J.G. 10. A. pernyi o x A. yamamai 68-69o^(l,ll) (60-63-80) Sterile in F ; , due to irregular meiosis. n 11 Automeris io 31^1,11) Cook '10 Proc. Nat. Acad. Philadel. 62. Callosamia proraethea 38s 192(1,11) 11 11 Dictyoploca japonica 31#(1,11) Oba '42 Bot. & Zool. (Tokyo) 10. Philosamia cynthia 26s 26o, om 13^(1,11) 13^(1,11) Number varies 12-14(n). 4n cytes (n,28) occur. Dederer '07, '15, '28 B.B. 13; J.M. 26, 45. P. cynthia walkeri 26s 13^(1,11) Kawaguchi '37 Cyt. Fujii-Jub. Vol. -173b- LEPIDOPTERA (Continued) Species Chrorao 2n some Number n Remarks Observer References P. cynthia pryeri 23s 1^(1,11) Kawaguchi '37 Cyt. Fujii-Jub. Vol. P. cynthia ricini 14^(1,11) Koga '39 Bot. & Zool. (Tokyo) 7. IT U*(D Yamashita '39 Rep. Agr. Exp. St. Taiwan. P. cynthia 13 S. lichenella (?) S. pineti S. pieni S. triquetrella Ca 93 6l,62,63s 6l,62,63o 120pm (Parth.) 626m 62om I24c-m 31 3n, (trivalent) intersex I20o(ll) 4n? "•" (Parth.) 30,31.32^(1) 30,31,32o(l) 30^(1) 60 in Seller «24 60o(ll) anaphase, * $(D. Nabel '48 Seller '22 Bisex. x Parth. p. 90,l20,240n 310.(1) 62o_(l) 2n; -bi- sexual race 2n; parth. race 4n; parth. race ) ) ) ) Seller '27 ) a.h, '29, ) ) ) intersex. ) From cor-) rection ) of «4l ) & »42. ) '38, '42, Seller & S chaffer '41. Arch. Jul. Klaus. - Stift. Vererh. 23. A.Zf. 16. Z.I.A.V. 31. Z.I.A.V. 31; B. zbl, 47; Roux 119; R. Suisse Z. 45; Arch. Jul. Klaus. -Stift. Vererh. 17; R. Suisse Z. 48. -177- LEPIDOPTERA (Continued) Species Chromosome ITumber 2n n Renarks Observer References Talr.eporia. tubalosa Tischeriidae Tischeria anrcusticolella Tortricidae Cacoecia cerasivorana Cacoecia cerasivorana (Arcbips cerasiv.) C. (A.) fumiferana Homona menciana 60 om 30^(1,11) X-Xo\ Seiler '17, 59om 30o.(l) X-Og '21, x 2h 29,30£(11) + U2s 21 (1) X-00 18,196(11) 8o"(l) — X-Yo Stevens '06 Carnegie Inst. Publ. 36. Asana, Makino Cyt. 12. & Miyama'^2 Stevens '06 Carnegie Inst. Publ. 36. Yosida '51 La Kromosomo 9. Carnoy »35 11 Stevens '06 Carrey '85 L.C. 1. Carnegie Inst. Publ. 36. I.C. 1. -178- COLEOPTERA (Continued) Species Chromosome Humber 2n Palatinus sp . Procrustes cgriacens Silnha perforata Steropus madidae Cicindellidae Cicindela ancocisconensis C . purpurea C . repanda C. sex-pit tata C . vur^aris C. primerlana C. vol gar is Dytiscidae Colyiabetes fuscua Cybist^r roeselii Dytiscus circumcinctus D. marginal 1b 37s 22s Dytiscus sp . POLYPHAGA Bruchidae Bruchus quadrimaculatus n Remarks Observer Ref e r «tif es 19^(1) 18,19tf(ll) X-06 Yosida * 51 La Kromosomo 9. 11,12^(11) X-Yo* Carnoy '85 L.C. 1. 203tl) X-Oo Yosida '51 La Krcrrosomo 9. Carnoy '85 L.C. 1. 22s 11 ^1 1 ^ X-lX^O?, Goldsmith '19 2Uo 10,126(11) X^-Xx 2Uom X,0 20s 10o(l,ll) X-Y? Stevens '06 J.M. 32. Carnegie Inst. Publ. 36. XjXg-Yo Stevens '09 J.E.Z. 6. 35-37o — Gunthert '10 Z. Jb. 30. Ca 22s 11-15£(1) 124(11) 6(tid) Voinov '03 38 s 19o(l,ll) X-Yo Schafer «07 Z. Jb. 23. Ca 1*0 ( 36-^1) s Henderson '07 Z.tf.Z. 87. 38s 19^(1,11) 2x£(?) Srh=fer '07 Z. Jb. 23. n ii Debaisieux'09 L.C. 25. Ca iJOo, . Giardina '01 Int. Monat. Anat pm Phys. 18. 19s 10o(l) 19,206m 9,10o(ll) 20om X-Oo Brauer '28 J.M. k6. • 179- COLEOPTERA (Continued) S r o^tes Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Zabrotes Subfgsciatus 26s 13,lW(l) 12, 13, litoUl) 13,1^0(11) 13o(ll) X-0o\ Minouchl >35 X-Jto. 1 supernu- merary occurs. Z.Z.M.A. 23. Buprestidae Agrilus anxius Euchrozna giear.tea Julodis whlthllli Spruce-borer I Spruce-borer II 22 s,o ll£(l,ll) 2^s 13o(l) 12o(l,ll) 10o(l,ll) llo\l) X-Yo\ X-Xo_ A X-Yo Smith '^9 ■ichols '10 Sternocera laevigata 26s 13o(l,ll) S. nitldicolis ■ Cantharidae ( -Lanpyridae) Ellychnla corrusca 19s X-Oo. X Asana, Makino fused A ITiiyazna '^2 with 1 autosome. X-Yo. sp. Stevens '06 name un- known. X-Oo. X Asana, Makino fused & Niiyama x kZ with 1 autosome. Evolution 3. B.B. 19. Cyt. 12. Carnegie Inst, Publ. 36. Cyt. 12. X-Oo Laauyrus s-olendidula 6-8c-(l,ll) Photir.us ear.sanguineus 19s, on 10o(l,ll) 20o,pm X-Oo Stevens '06, "09 Henking '92 Stevens '09 Carnegie. Inst. Publ. 36; J.E.Z. 6. z.w.z. 5k. J.E.Z. 6. P. -pennsylvanicus Cerambycidae Cylene robinia Obera tripunctata Pterolophia caudata 19s, om 20o 20 s 20 s 10o(l) X-Y6 Stevens "09 J.E.Z. 6 X-Yo H n 10o(l,ll) X-Yo Yosida o lp a femoralia 29^(1,11) X-Y. — Digamety in o* Holmgren ' 01 A.A. 19. S. violacens 22o 3 (l, 11) X-Yd* Stevens '09 J.E.Z. 6. TENEERIOITIDAE 4kis bacarozzo 16 3 X-Y6* Guenin »50 Arch. Jul. Klaus- Stift. Vererb. 25. Blaps Rigas 35 s 38 o XX-Yo* Guenin *49 Rev. Suisse Z. 56. B. lusitanica 35(33)9 17^(1) 17, 186X11) X-Oo" 1 ITonidez ' 14 Tra^s . Mus . ."ac . Hat. Madrid, Zool. 18. tt 35 s 15/4X^Y6\l) l6,19o\ll) XXXX-Yo* Nonidez '20 J.M. 34. ii 35 s 166(1) 16,19^11) it Wilson '25 The cell, 1925 . ii 19 s 20 o XX-Yd* Guenin '49 Rev. Suisse 7., 56. B. lethifera 37 s 38 o ii ii n B. mortisaga 36 s 37 o 17^(1) 17,19o*(ll) XXX-Yc* Guenin '48, '49 Experientia 4: Rev. Suisse Z. 56. B. mucronata 36 s 38 o XX-Yo^ Guenin '49 Rev. Suisse Z. 56. B. walthi 34 s 19^1) l6,18o\ll) x-jX 2 -o8\?) Nonidez '15 Kern. Soc. Espan. Hist. Nat. 10. Diaperis boleti 14 s X-Yo* Guenin '50 Arch. Jul. Klaus- Stift. Vererb. 25, Elenonhorus collaris 26 s ii ii 11 -189- Species COLEOPTERA (Continued) Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Plmelia bipunctata Tenebrio molitor T. obscurua Tentyria mucronata 18 s X-Yd* 20 s 10d*(l,ll) X-Yo* 20 o, ora X-Xo 20 s X-Y6* Guenin ' 50 Stevens "06 Ouenin »50 Arch. Jul. Klaus- Stift. Vererb. 25. Carnegie Inst. Publ. 36. Arch. Jul. Klaus- Stift. Vererb. 25. STEEPS IPTERA Snecies Chromosome JTunber 2n n Remarks Observer Eeferences Acroschismus wheeleri 16 s 8o*(l,ll) 16 o, m ft X-YO? Hughe s- Schrader '24 J.M. 39. HYMEHOPTERA* Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References APIDAE A-pis mellifica (Eiene) 16 m I6p(l) 8j(ll) Anis mellifica (Eiene) 16 s lo6(l,ll) (Honey-bee) Osmia cornuta 16 o 16^(1,11) 16 s, om l6o*(l,ll) 32 o, om l6o_(l,ll) 16 o 320(1) 16|(11) 16 s l6o*U) 32, 6/+ m 3d\ tid) ^Greenshiclds (Nat. 137; 662, 1936.) (Mot accessible.) -190- Petrunkewitsch '01, '03 neves '03, '07 Mark & Copeland ' 06 Doncaster '06, •C? ITachtsheim •12, '13 Jegen '20 Arrbruster '13. a,b Z. Jb. 14, 17. a. A. 2-. ; A.M.A. 70. Proc. Am. Acad. Arts. Sci. 42. A.A. 29, 31. Sitz. Ges. Moruh. Phys. Hunch en, 12; A.Zf . 11. Zeits. Zscnokke, Basel Ber. i'lat . Ges. Preiburg, 20: A. Zf. 11. * ofeo %M~3cJt*. x$: ITr-itx. (ttro) HYMEN0PT3RA* (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Xyloco-na violacea v BRACOUIDAE Ananteles ^lozieratus 16 s 166(1,11) — 12o_(l) Sranata '09, '13 Biologica 2; Monit , Zool. Ital. 24. Habrobracon .itu~landis (H. brevicornis) 116m 22 om — "~ _._ ii 10s 20o - 20s (2no) 10(ftl,ll) 206 A (11) ii 10 o (1,11) ii 20o 10o(l) it 20 s (2ne>) 20^(1) Habrobracon nectinonhc >rae 10s(no) 20s(2nidosoaoT)si3 floridans 20s(2n^) 40s(4nrata (?) 86ra Cladius oectinieornis 6s 6o1ll) 6-8 dm Cladius en. 6s T H II 8oU)T Croesus varus — — 7-8o.(ll) ■ 80UD Hemichroa rufa ■ Sanderson '32 Sanderson '32 Done aster *06 Sanderson '32 Ganetica 14. a Genetica Ik. n q.j.M.S. 49 . Genetica Ik. -194- HYMENOPTERA* (Continued) Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Hematus lacteus 8o_(ll)T Doncaster ' 06 Q..J.M.S. 49. Hematus ribesii Ca l6s Ca 8o(l) Ca 89(1) — »— Doncaster ' 04, «06, '07, '08, •09, '10 Proc. Cambr. Phil. Soc. 12; Q..J.M.S. 49, 51: Proc. Cambr. Phil. Soc. 14; Nat. 82; Sci. 31 N. uayidus 8o_(ll) Doncaster '06 J.M.S. 49. Pteronidea (Hematus) ribesii 8s I60 8o(l,ll) r 16a. 32a. 120a occur in tissue cells. Sanderson '32 Genet ica 14. Pteronidea leucotrocha 8s l6o — H ■ P. melanasuis 8s 80(1,11) Peacock '25 Nat. 116. Pteronidea melanasTjit 80(11) Sanderson '32 Genetica 14. Poecilosoma luteolum 8m 80U) Partheno- genetic Doncaster l 06, a.b Proc. Cambr. Phil. Soc. 13; Q..J.M.S. 49. ■ 8o_(ll) ■ Sanderson '32 Genet ica 14. PrioBhorue brullei 12om Comrie '38 Nat. 142. Pristinhora erichsoni l4om Smith '41 Sci. Agric. 21. Prist iuhora TDallipes l6om t 7s l4o , om Comrie '38 Nat. 142. Thrinax macula 7 diakinesis 4 bivalent s and re- maining obscure chroms. appear. Paedogenetic. Hegner '14 1 meiotic div. in eggs. J.M. 82. J.K. 78, 82. Univ. Texas Publ. 5007. J.M. 25. -197a- DIFEBBA (Continued) Chromosome Numbers Species 2n h Bemarks Observer References Miastor americana 46s, o ,, Octoploid Huettner '33, A.E. 58, 12om in germ- •34 Suppl., 60, line of Suppl. paedog. embryo, diploid in soma. From correction of 1934. Miastor metraloas 20-24o 20-2M1) Paedogenetic. Kahle «08 Zoologica 21. 20-24o Elimination of (Early clea- chrome . in vage) early cleavage. 10-llm (Late cl7) H 48s, o 7bm Paedogenetic. Kracykievicz C.E.SJB. 119; Elimination '35. '37. «38 L.C. 56; 12om of chrome, in early cleavage. In meiotic div. of . 48 a (Parth.) (u in At 3rd and 4th White '46, '48 J.M. 79, 82. 12m. sali- cleavage of (Paedog.) vary) parth. egg. 12oi, 480. 6o£7 48 s. 36 chroms. eliminate. Octoploid number is retained in germ-line. Paedog. larvae develop with diploid, 12. q sexual larvae Save diploid soma & octoploid germ- line, o^larvae have haploid soma and octoploid g.m. In meiosis octo- ploid spermato- cyte gives rise to 2 haploid sperms and a 7-ploid cell which degenerate. No sex chromosomes observed. -197b- DIJTERA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n 8ojn 6<5m 10+24 *(1) 34s 4^26 34o ?(l) Remarks Observer References Oligotrophus pattersoni Phytophaga celtiphyllia Rhopalomyla sabinae 12qm 36*7 36 o 6dro 20+16 . I n Sly. su. II 3 (Salivary) Microtendines pedellus - — 4 (Salivary) Microns ectra nraecox • Microx»sectra praecox ■ Ser*entia profundorum 3 (Salivary) Stlctochlronomue histrio M Salivary) COBETLURIDAl Scatonhaea pallida 12s. o 6o'(l,ll) S. stercoraria 12s ■ CULICIDAS Aedes alboplctus 6b, o Somatic synapsis in mid- gut cells. 84 cbroms. found in the same. Epithelial cells of mid-gut are poly- ploid. Somatic synapsis occurs. Bauer ' 36 Stevens ' 08 Keunecke '24 Suzuki '39; Sinoto & Suzuki «43 Berger '38 Sinoto & Suzuki '1*3 Z. JB. 56. J.E.Z. 5. Z.Z.M.A. I. Jap. J.G. 15; Igaku & Seibutsugaku 3- J.H. 29- Igaku & Seibutsugaku 3< -200- DIPTERA (Continued) gaggigg Chromosome Number _2n n Hemarks A. toeol A. triserlatus Anp-pheles punctlpennis 6s, o Anopheles st>. ArmigereB obturbans 6m Chaoborus plumicornis Corethra (Chaoborus ) plumicornis Corethra (Mochlonyx ) Bp. Culex a-picalie C. hayashil C. niplens 8s, om 8§m 3o 8d,om + 6m Observer References 6s, o — 6m 66U.11) fcoU.ll) 08,0 3o'(l,ll) 6a ■ 3s, m 6o ■ Suzuki '39; Jap. J.G. 15; Sinoto & Suzuki Igaku & '43 SeibutBUgaku 3 Epithelial Berger '38 J.H. 29- cells of mid-gut are polyploid. Somatic syna- psis occurs. X-To" Sterens '11 B.B. 20. ■ N N , Sinoto & Suzuki Igaku & •43 Seibutsugaku 3 X-Yol Frolowa '29 Z.Z.M.A. 8, 9- Occasional ly a.b 2 small chroms. assoc- iated with 2 large elements . 3 pairs' X-To Epithelial cells of mid-gut are polyploid. Somatic synap- sis occurs. Dehome '15, '19 Trolowa '29 Berger '38 6s, o Sinoto & Suzuki •48 Stevens '10, '11 Lomen ' 14 Taylor '14 Metz '16 C.E. Ass. franc. l'Avanc. Sci. 43; A.Z.E.G. 58. Z.Z.M.A. 9. J.H. 29. Igaku & Seibutsugaku 3* J.E.Z. 8; B.B. 20. Jena Z. 45. ft.J.M.S. 60. J.E.Z. 21. -201- DIPTEHA (Continued) Species C. piplens Culex plpiens pallens C« tarsalls C. territans Chromosome Numfcer _2n & 6s, o 6m 6m 6s, o 6m 6m 6m (ita-6An) 6s, o 6s, o 6m C. tritaeniorhynchus " Lutzla fuscana yorax 6s, o 3^1.11) 3otl) Joll.ll) Remarks Qpserver Eeferencen X fused with Whiting '17 1 autosome? J.M. 28. Hance '17 J.M. 28. Epithelial Holt '17 cells of mid-gut are polyploid. Somatic synap- sis occurs. J.M. 29- Taylor '17 Q.J.M.S. 62. Moffett '36 Cyt. 7. Epithelial Berger '38 cells of a,b mid-gut are poly- ploid. Somatic synap- sis occurs. J.H. 29; Carnegie Inst. Publ. 49. *ta-64n arise Grell "*5 by repeated reprod. of chrom. Somatic pairing occurs . Genet. 31. Suzuki '39; Sinoto & Suzuki '43 Jap. J. 6. 15; Igaku & Selbutsugaku 3. Stevens '11 B.B. 20. Epithelial Berger '38 cells of mid- gut are poly- ploid. Somatic synapsis occurs. J.I. 29. Sinoto & Suzuki 1^3 Igaku & Selbutsugaku 3> Suzuki '39; Sinoto & Suzuki '43 Jap. j.g. 15; Igaku & Selbutsugaku 3. -202- DIPTERA (Continued) Sr>ecies Iheobaldia incid Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References .ens 6b, o 36U.il) Stevens '11 B.B. 20. DROSOPHILIDAl* TYPI A 4 V's+2 R's+2 S's ($)*» Droeoiihila auraria 8 — Kikkava & Peng '38 Jap. J.Z. 7. I>. bromeliae 8s — Hetz '16 A.H. 50. D. buBckii 8o *ftl) Metx '16 a.b J.E.Z. 21; A.I 50. a 8 — Kikkava & Peng •38 Jap. J.Z. 7. Drosonhila corac Ina 8 — Kikkava & Peng '38 Jap. J.Z. 7. D. ficus-ohila ■ — ■ B D. florae 8o — Metz '16 A.N. 50. D. lutea 8 — Kikkava & p eng •38 Jap. J.Z. 7. D. anrpelonhila (melanoeratier) 8s, 8b 4©*(1.11) x-y/7 Stevens '08 J.B.Z. 5. D. melanosaBter (anrpelo-pMla) 8o 8b ■ ■ Metz '14. '16 a,b, '26 J.B.Z. 17; A.N 50; Z.Z.M.A. k ■ 8b, o — ■ Bridges '16 Genet. 1. ■ 8o 1oJl.ll) Ml) +- in Boma. Jrolova '26, •31 z.z.h.a. 3; Z. Biol. Exp. (Moskaw) 7. n 8a, o II X-Yo^ Guyenot & Haville '29 L.C. 35- P, melanomas ter — ^Ai.ii) ■ WosekreBsenaky & Seller emetjeva •20 I according to Metz Z.Z.M.A. 10. *The karyotypes were subdivided into 17 typ es (from A to Q> and Moses (J.H. 14, 1923) and to Kikkava and Peng (Jap. Jour. Zool. 7, 1938). ** V=V-shaped chromosome. v«small V-shaped chrom. R«rod-shaped chrora. r»small rod-shaped chrom. J=J-shaped chrom. S-spheroidal chrom. _203- DIPTZEA (Continued) S-pecles Chromosome Humber 2n n Remarks Observer References D. melanogaster 8s 86^ om 86^, W(l,ll) Ho crossing- Huettner »30 over in o A . X-Yo* Dobzhansky '30, 132 *4l) X-0 or X-T<£ Shen, I.E. »32 Meiosis irregu- lar and sterile in Frolowa '38 Kikkawa '35, Kikkawa & Peng '38 2 V's+6 R's+2 S's (o_) 4o\l) XjXg-Y?; Dobzhansky 4,5£(11) X^-X^X^. '35?-, b Complex of o Dobzhansky & similar to Tan '36 that of pseudoobscura p. 4o(l) 5^(D ,-Yo\ XO^-Yo". 2 strains with Y of differ- ent size. "Univalents appear in Fl of 2 strs. 6 in sali- vary. X;iX 2 -Yo\ Early death of o of ?i between pseudoobscura XX-Yo: Be- havior of XX-Y in meiosis. X-YcT. 2 strains with Y of differ- ent sizes. 7 types of Y distinguish- able in its size. Meiosi? i rre^ular in F]_ between diff. strains. Koller '39 Kauf mann ' MO Cooper 'i-'6 J.2.Z. 17, A.N. 50. 21: Biol. Zhurn.(Mos- kaw)7. P. I. A. (Tokyo) 11; Jap. J.Z. 7. A.U. 69; Genet. 20. A.U. 70. J.G-. 38. J.M. 66. Jenet. 31. Dobzhansky & Boche '33 Dobzhansky '3^ l 35.'36, , 37, , 39 Dobzhansky & Tan '36 B.Z. 5^- Z.Z.M.A. 21 G-enet. 20 J.S.Z. 7^ Gene. 22; a jr. 70. zh. -210- DIPTERA (Continued) Species D. pseudoobscura Qiromosome Number 2n n Remarks Typo L Drosophila ananassae ( D. caribbea ) 10s 106m lOom 106m lOom D. mirajida x 10 om D. pseudoobscura Type K Drosophila af finis 10s, o H 10o\om D. al^onouin n D. athabasca n D. azteca it H 10m 8s, o Observer References 10s 5^(1,11) X-Yo\ Size of Y differs according to strains. Meiosis irreg- ular in F^ between strs. 6 in sail- Tan '35 vary in 2 strains. Darlington Genet. 19. 13U Genet. 20. 5ftl.ll) Y degener- ates in II- div. in •Sex-ratio' t. x-y£ X-Y6* F-|_ not develop , Sturtevant & Genet. 21. Dobzhansky '36 Koller «36 J.G. 32. Kaufmann'W) J.M. 66. Cooper 'I»4 Proc. Hat. Acad. Sci. 30. Kaufmann'i+O J.M. 66. t+ V's+2 J's+2 R's+2 S •a ($) C-Yo^ Metz 'l6a,b J.S.Z. 21; A.H. 50- Sturtevant & A.N. 70. Dobzhansky 1 36 7 in salivary Dobzhansky & Sokolow '39 6 V's+2 v's (9) X-y£ Metz '16 J.H. 30. A.N. 50. -211- DIPTERA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Drosorhila amnassae (D. carib^ea) 3ct. ,om D. bipectlnata " (B) " (C) Type DrosQ-phila subtilis 8s, o 80,0m Type M D. lebanonensis 3om D. rrontium (Race A) Bo 33m 11 3s, 11 8 0,0m " (A) Stm Type ¥. Drosorhila monti am 86m (Race B) 8s, Som II 10 Observer References Knufraann '36 a.-b. '37 X-Yo\ X-Xo_. 6 in salivary X-yJ. Y, Kikkawa '35. different '36,' 37, '38 in size by strains. 6 in salivary Kikkawa & Peng '38 I, 7«sf2 v's+-2 R's (o) y=R Ward '49 4Y's+4r'3; Osima '39, X-Yo\ 6 in '^0 salivary Y=v Y-R Ward '49 4 J's+2 v's+4 R's (j) 6?'s+4r l s Kikkawa & Peng '38 Sci. 83; Proc. Hat, Acad. Sci. 22; Cyt. Fujii Jub.- Vol. P.I.A. (Tokyo) 11; Jap. J.G. 12; Cyt. Pujii Jub.-Vol.; G-enetica 20. Jap. J.Z. 7. Univ. Texas Publ. 4920. Kikkavfa '36 Jap. J. G. 12. X-Ycf. 6 in Osima '39, salivary '40 Freire-Kaia '47 Y=v Ward '49 4 V«s+2 R's (o_) W's+ltt'B Kikkawa '36 Jap. J.G. 12. Jap. J.G. 15; Cyt. 10. Bol. Fad. Fil. Cien. Letr. Univ. S. Taulo 86-Biol. Geral, ?. Univ. Texas Publ. 4920. Jap. J.G. 15; Cyt. 10. Univ. Texas Publ. 4920. Jan. J.S. 7. -211a- DIPTERA (Continued; Species Chromosome 2n Number n Remarks Cbserver References Type P 4 V»s-f2 v'sf2 S's (j) Drosophila sulcata 8om 80 X-Yo"; 6Vs -*-2s's Frolowa '~}6 Bull. Biol. Med. Exp. 2. Type Q, 6 V's+2 v's+2 S's ( P ) Drosoohila otscura 10s, 5* 6^1) ^ftl.ll) *ftl> iftl.ll) Remarks Observer References Turner '31 Wolf '41 X-Yo 1 " it X-YcT x-y£ X-Yo* X-Yo* Wolf *k6 Stevens '08 Mctz '16 Keuneckc • 2k Perje '48 Calvez 'U8 X-T4. kn, Frolowa '29 8n in tissue cells -Y* X-Yo\ hn, 8n in tissue cells. Calvez '48 Frolowa '29 X-Y 8* Calvez } h8 J.H. 22. Chrom. 2. Z. Eaturf. 1. J.S.Z. 5. J.1.2. 21. Z.Z.M.A. 1. Hered. Jk. Chrom. 3. Z.Z.M.A. 8. Chrom. 3. Z.Z.M.A. 8. Chrom. 3. -213- DIPTERA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Mycetophila punctata l4om 76(1,11) X-Y4. 4n, Frolowa '29 Z.Z.M.A. 8. "^ 8n in Rhymosia fenestralls 8o,oj R. domestica Crtalidae Camptoneura pi eta Piophilidae Plophila casei 12s 12 Phoridae Aphiocaeta sp. 6o,3tti Phora sp. 8om Rhagionidae Leptis sp. Sapromyzidae Physegenua vittata 12a Sarcophagidae Ravinia pcniculata 12o Sarcophaga camaria 12s S. sarraciniae 12s 12om S. tuberosa sarraciniae 128,0 Sarcophaga sp. 12m 12m 4o(l,ll) X-Yo tissue cells. I4o,om ?o (1,11) 6£(1) 5^(D 6^(1,11) X-Y<£ Calvez •US Chrom. 3. Metz '16 J.E.Z. 21. Tokunaga '49 Jap. J.G. Suppl. 2, 4n, 8n in Erolowa «29 Z.Z.M.A. 8. tissue cell6 Heitz '33 Metz "16 Z.Z.M.A. 20. J.E.Z. 21. Keunecke '24 Z.Z.M.A. 1. Stevens '08 J.E.Z. 5- X-Yo\ 4n, Metz '16 J.E.Z. 21. 8n in tissue cells. 4n in Met* •l6,»22 J.E.Z. 21; B.B. 43. egg fol- licle cells. -214- DIPTERA (Continued) Chroi no some Number Species 2n n Remarks Observer References Sciaridae Sciara agarica 8m 10 b 1 pair of V= limited chrom. McCarthy '45 A.M. 79. S. fer.es trails, I H H N n S. fenestralis. II 8m 9s 1 large V=limit. chrom. H ii S. nacta 8m 10s All rods. N n Sciara coprophila 10 s 6o\l,ll) 10 chroms. (Metz '31,'33, B.Z. 51; B.B. 64; lOo 5^(1,11) div. into ( '3^, '3^. '38 Proc. Fat. Acad. 7om 6 and k in ( a,b Sci. 20; Cyt. 7; 8om I meiotic div. of o\ ( A.N. 72; ( Carnegie Inst. without ( Publ. 501. pairing of ( chroms. k (Metz & Proc. Nat. Acad. chroms . de- ( Schmuck '29, Sci. 15, 17, 18. generate. ( '31. '32 In II-div. (Du Bois '33 5 of 6 Z.Z.M.A. 19- chroms . ( div. equa- (Smith-Stocking Genet. 21. tionally, ( *36 hut one element runs undiv. to 1 pole. Cells of 5 +1 give rise to sperms. Behavior of chroms . In eggs is reg- ular. During early cleav- age, elimin- ation of chroms. occurs and chrom. num- bers, 7 in £(1.11) Moore '95 Farmer & Moore 'C-4 Q.J. M.S. 38. kB. TELEOSTOMI Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Anabantidae Betta splendens 42s 2l£(l,ll) X-x£?, X- Eennington '36 J.M. 60. largest rod. 21o X (l) Macropodus operculaxis __ Anguillldae Anguilla vulgaris 36?s, 36To Atherinidae Menidia notata 36m Esocidae I box lucius 18m Umbra limi 22s,20?m Cobitidae Barbatula oreas 48s Misgurnus aneui 1 1 i caudat us 52s Cottidae Cottus bairdii 36-38s 2^(1,11) Svardson & Hered. 28. Wickbom "42 Rodolico '33 Publ. Staz. Zool. Napoli 8. Moenkhaus '04 A. J. A. 3. Svardson & Hered. 25. Wickbom '39 Foley '26 B.B. 50. Makiko '41 24^(1, ll) Sex chrom. Makino '37, unknown ' 41 l8o\l) Hann '27 Cyt. 12. Z.M. (Jap.), 49; Cyt. 12. J.M. 43. -221- TELEOSTOMI (Continued) Species Chromo 2n some Number n Remarks Observer References Cyprinidae • Acheilognathus lanceolatus 50s 25o(l,ll) Makino '39 Cyt. 9. Carassius auratus 94s 47ftl.il) In 13 vari- Makino '34, '40, Jap. J.G. 9; Z.M. Carassius carassius Cyprinus carpio C. carpio specularis C . carassius x C. auratus Cyprinus carpio x carassius carassius Phoxinus percnurus srchalinensis Pseudorasbora parva Pungtun£ia hilgendorf 1 Trlbolodon hakuensis Zacco platypus Z. tenminkii Cyprinodontidae Fundulus heteroclitus 11 Gambusia holbrookl Heterandria formosa Lebistes reticulatus lOiis 19s 99b 50s 36m 45m 36s 46s 46s 46o eties, n=48 '41 (Jap.) 52; Cyt. -51(1) due 12. to occurrence of univalents. Various vari- Makino "34, '41 Jap. J.G. 9; Cyt. 9. eties of Funa, Hibuna and Iron-fish. 52ftl,lU — Makino '34, '39 _.. __ _ Barigosri 37 Soc. Mus. Ital. Scl. Hat Milano 76. 470(1) Univalents occur. Makino '41 Cyt. 12. — Male sterile. Matsui & Makino '33 Jap. J.G. 19. 27ftl.ll) Fognsa '43 R 25^(1,11) Makino '39 Cyt. 9. Nogusa '43 Jap. J.G. 19. 25ft 1,11) Makino '39 Cyt. 9. Nogusa '43 Jap. J.G. 19. 11 it 180(1,11) — 23ftl) 230(1,11) Xr-YO? 239(1) Moenkhaus '04 A. J. A. 3. Pinney '18 J.M. 31. Geiser '24 B.B. 47. tfickbom »43 Hered. 29. Wlnge '22, '23 J.G. 12; 13. -222- TELEOSTOMI (Continued) Snecies Chromosome Number 2n n Bemarks . Observer References Lebistes reticulatus 46s 235(1,11) X-Y? n 23^(1) Sex chrom. unknown. Vaupel '29 Iriki '32a, b Wickbom '43 J.M. 47. Z.M. (Jap.) 44; P. I. A. (Tokyo) Hered. 29. Lint vittata n H H ti L. candofasciata tricolor n It It tt Mollienisia sphenops 36s Meyer • 38 J.G. 36. n 46s 23o"(l) Wickbom 'ii-3 Hered. 29. M. sph. melanistica 38s 19^(1) it H M. velifera 46r 23^(1) b It M. sph. mel. z M. sph. 42s 21^(1) 1*1**! * It M. sph. z M. vel. 46s 23?(D n II Oryzias latipes — 22-24^(1) Goodrich '27 J.E.Z. 49. Oryzias (Aploch6ilus) latipes 48s 24^(1) Sez chrom. unknown. Iriki »32 Z.M. (Jap.) V*. ; P. I. A. (Tokyo) 8; S.R. Tokyo B.D. Sec. B, 1. R H n — Katayama '37 Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish. 5. Phallichtys pittieri 46s 23^(1) Wickbom «43 Hered. 29. Phalloceros caudimacu- latus reticulatus n K n N Platypoecilu couchiana = 24^(1) II X-XoN Ralston' 34a, b Friedman & Gordon '34 Sci. 78; J.M. 56 it A.N. 68. Platypoecilus maculatus R x-x£? Ralston'34a,b Sci. 78; J.M. 56 H It Friedman & Gordon '34 A.N. 68. it 48s 24(1) Wickbom «43 Hered. 29. -223- TELEOSTOMI (Continuod) Species Chroyosone Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Platypoecilus xiphidium Plat^oecilus variatus it Platypoecilus couch, x P . macula tus Platypoecilus xiph. x P . naculntus Platypoecilus variat. x P. naculatus Rivulus santensis Xiohophorus hellerii X. notezunae Xiphophorus sp. Xiphophorus x Plat:/-poecilus Xiphophorus hell, x Platyooecllus mac. Gasterosteidae Puiy^itius t^mensls Pun^itius pungitius Gobiidae Tridenti^er odscuxus Hexagrammidae Hexa gramme- s octo,gxammus 48s 48s 24o*(l) it ii 24, 25^(1) 242(1) 2^(1) 2i^(l) E-X$? Friedman & Gordon '34 WickDom '43 Friedman & Gordon '34 A.3T. 68. Hered. 29. A.N. 68. WickDom '43 Friedman & Gordon '34 Wickoom j kJ Friedman & Gordon '34 Hered. 29. A.N. 68. Hered. 29. A.N. 68. Ralston' 34a, "b Sci. 78; J.M, 56. Friedman & Gordor. '34 A.N. 68. 42s 21o(l,ll) Sex Chrom. Makino' 34a, "b Cyt. 5; Jap. J.G. 9. unknown. 44s 22o(l) 24o\l,ll) Togusa '50 Jap. J.G. 25. Makino »37 Z.M. (Jap.) 49. -224- TELEOSTOMI (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Labridae Ctenolabrus adspersus Percidae 38- 48m Lucioperca lucioperca 24m Perca fluviatilis 27s (Perch) D 28m Pholidae Pholis -oictus 46s Salmomidae Coregonus albula 80m C. asueri maraenoides 36m 2. exiguus altellus 7C+2m C. lavaretus 80m C. 1. baeri C. Schinzi duplex 72m C . wartmar.ni co er 1 ileus Cores. 1. baeri z 70+2m 80m Salv. font. Oncorhynchus keta 74 Os^erus eperlanus 58m 16V; 16V ! Pinney '18 J.M. 31. Svardson & Wickbom '39 Turner '19 Svardson & Wickbom '39 Hcred. 25. J.M. 32. Hered. 25. Makino '37 Z.M. (Jap.) 49. Svardson y h5 Medd. Stat. Und. Fors'dksanst. Sotvatt-fisk. 23. Kupka «£i8 R. Suisse Z. 55. S ala e alpinus 80m Svardson '45 Medd. Stat. Und. Forsoksanst. Sotvatt-fisk. 23. Prokofieva '34 Cyt. 5. Kupka '48 R. Suisse Z. 55. Prokofieva '34 Cyt. 5. Primordial Makino '37 Z.M. (Jap.) 49. germ cell lOV's Svardson 'W Medd. Stat. Und. Forsoksanst . Sotvatt-fisk. 23. l6V«s " » -225- TELECSTOMI (Continued) S]) Bcies Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References s. carpio 96s Pomini '39 Sci. Genet. 1 (Italia) . s. fario 12^(1,11) Bohm '91 Sitz. Ges. Morph. Phys. Munchen, 7. n (s-lrutta fario) 2ton « Behrens '98 A.Hf. 10. n ('Porelle') ca. 127m Sperm by radium Cppermann •13 A.M.A. 83. ii n 8*ta Prokofieva 134 Cyt. 5. n ii ii Pomini '39 Sci. Genet. 1 'Italia). S. fontinalis 8ka — - l6V*a Svardson '^5 Medd. Stat. Und. Forsoksanst. Sotvatt.-fisk. 23. S. irideus 127 s — Mrsic "23 A.M.A. 98. s. (Trutta) lacustris 2^(1,11) — Blanc '9^ Ber. Hat. Ges. Freiburg, 8. n 70m — Pomini '39 Sci. Genet. 1 (Italia). s. marmoratus 8!*s — H n s. salar 60m — Prokofieva '34 Cyt. 5. ii it 30J(1) 12V s Svardson '^5 Medd. Stat. Und. Forsoksanst. Sotvatt.-fisk. 23. S. salar x Salvelinus fontinalis S. trutta 80m 40?(1) 16V s S. salar x S. trutta 70m 30J(1) (32-38) S. trutta x S. salar 20-30^(1) Sterile Thymallus tliycallus 102m 28V 's Cyt. 5. Medd. Stat. Und. Porsoksanst . Sotvatt.-fisk. 23. -226- AMPHIBIA APODA S-necies Chromosome Number 2n 31 Remarks Observer References Coecilliidae Ichthyophls glutlaoBUs ^29,^2o f in 2l£(l,ll) Uraeotyphlus narayani 36: 18^(1,11) — Seshachar '36, Z.Z.M.A. 2U, 27; '373,1), «39 Cyt. 8, 10. Seshachar '39 L.C. U8. UROMLA Species Chromosome Number J& n Remarks Observer References Amphiumidae Amphiuma (means) ___ Cryptobranchi&ae C ryp tobranchus E.lle,°heniensiB ca. 56a n 62s Megalobatrachus 56-58m .iaponicus n 64s Ohio glose ida« Chioglossa lusitar.ica — Hynobiidae Hynobius dunni Hrnobius klmurai 56s 56s 122(1, 11) McGregor '99 J.M. 15, Suppl. Smith «29 J.M. k7. 3l?(l,ll) Makino '3^, '35 Z.M. (Jap.) h6; J.M. 58. Suzuki »26 Z.M. (Jap.) 38. 32^(1,11) Sex chrom. Iriki '31,'32 P.I.A. (Tokyo) 7; S. unknown. R. Tokyo B.D. Sec. B,l. 126^(1) Mateus 'U2a,b Inst. Zool. "Augusto Nobre" 12, 13. Makino '35 Jap. J.G. 10. Sato l 35,'36 Z.M. (Jap.) 47; J.S. Hiroshima U. Ser. B, 4. 28j(l,ll) 20V , s+36r«s Makino '35, Jao. J.G. 10; •39 Z.M. (Jap.) 51. -227- URODELA (Continued) Species Chromosome Uumber 2n n Remarks Observer References Hynobius kiraurai Hynob ius naevius Hynobius ncbulosus Hynobius ni^rescens Hynobius leechil Hynobius liohenatas Hynobius retardatus H:,"nobius okiensis Hynobius sadoensis Hynobius ste.jne^eri Hyno"oius tsuensis Hynobiug tokyoensis Pachypalaminus 19 boulen^eri Salanandrella keyserlingii 60: 56s 286*(1,11) 58s itOs 56s 56s lbV's-H^r's Sato '35, '36 Makino '39 » Makino '3Ua,b 28^(11) ■ 28^(1,11) Sato '35, '36 Makino '32 Makino '3^a, b Makino '32 CotC 1,11) Sex chrom. Makino '32, '33 20o(l,ll) unknown. *Jk, '4? Snto *kO Sato '!+3 Makino '39 Sato '35, '36 Makino '32 Z.M. (Jap.) k7', J.S. Hiroshima U. Ser. B, k. Z.M. (Jap.) 51. Trans. Sapporo ITat. Hist. Soc. 13; Z.M. (Jap.) U6. Z.M. (Jap.) i+7; J.S. Hiroshima U. Ser. 1, k. J.F.S. Hokkaido I.U. Ser. VI, 2. Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc. 13; Z.M. (Jap.) U6. J.F.S. Hakkaido I.U. Ser. VI, 2. J.F.S. Hokkaido I.U. Ser. VI, 2; Jap. J.G. 8; J.F. S. Hokkaido I.U. Ser. VI, 3, 9. Z.M. (Jap.) 52. Z.M. (Jap.) 51. Z.M. (Jap.) '+?; J.S. Hiroshima U. Ser. B, k. J.F.S. Hokkaido I.U. Ser. VI, 2. Sato f 34, »35, Z.M. (Jap.) U6,^7; '36 J.S. Hiroshima U. Ser. B, h. 62s Makino »32 J.F.S. Hokkaido I.U. Ser. VI, 2. -228- URODELA (Continued) Species Proteidae Proteua anguin^us Necturus maculosus Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References 18s 9^(1,11) Stieve '18, '20 12^(1) X or XT King '12 associates with an autosome? A.A. 51; A.M. A. 93- A.E. 6. Salamandridae Amplystoma mexicannm 28s » 2n(28), 3n,n & mosaics A. ti ~rinum( 'Siredon') 12m Wickbom ' iJ-5 Hered. 31 • Refriger- Fankhauser ft ated eggs. Humphrey l kZ, Oocytes d«- *U6 generate. ('Axolotl') ca. 16m i4-10o(l), 8|(llJ ( M ) ca. 30m lit-l6o(l,ll) ('Siredon') 24m Anaides(-Autodai) lu^-nfrris Batrachoseps attenuatus Ko Hiker '89 Pick '93 Jenkinson'O^ Muckermann'13 Mack *lk B.E. 83; J.M. 79. Gewebelehre d. Mens ch en. Z.W.Z. 56. Q.J.M.S. k8. L.C. 28. Kansas Univ. Sci. Bull. 9. 28m 28 s 2k, 28m 28 ( 23-30 )s Parmenter'19 J.M. 33- lko"(l) Sex chrom. Galgano '33, unknown. ' 38 H X-0ns2^ns '05 Univ. Calif. Publ. 11. J.M. 17. L.C. 20; L.C. 22. -229- URODELA (Continued) Species Chromosome IT umber 2n n Remarks Observer References Desmo^nrthus fuscus 12^(1,11) Kingsbury '99, •02 Zool. Bull. 2; A. J. A. 1. it 24.8 120^(1) Montgomery '03 B.B. 4. Eurycea bislineata 28m(2n) 42m (3n) 56m(4n) ___ 3n & 4n in 10$, natur- ally occurred Fankhauser '39 J.H. 30. G-eotriton(=Spelerpes) fuscus 24s 12o\l,ll) Ternl '10, "14 A.Zf. 12. Plethodon cinereus n 12^(1) Montgomery "03 B.B. 4. Pleurodele9 waltlii 12$(1) Sex chrom. unknown. Galgano '33 A.I.A.E. 32. it 24s 12^(1) Wlckbom «45 Hered. 31. Salainandra atra 16? s Champy '13 A.Z.E.G. 52. S. maculosa 24s 12cT(l,ll) Elemming '82, •8? A.M.A. 20, 29. tt it Rabl »85, '89 Morph. Jb. 10; A.A. 14. w 24s,24o,24m i2o N (i,n; ) Yom Rrtti '93, '•94 Z.W.Z. 57; B.Z. 14. M it N Meves '95, •97, '11 A.A. 10; A.M.A. 48. 77. H 24s 12o\l,ll) 12o_(l,ll) Janssens 'CO, '01, '02, '04 A.A. 17; L.C. 19; A.A. 21, 24. It it 12^(1,11) Schreiner '07 A.B. 22. n 4-k3m(a) 19-2'lm(b) — (a)blood cell (o)soma Delia Valle '09, '11 Arch. Zool. Ital. 4,5. H 24s,24ra DeHorne '10, '11 C.R.A.S. 150; A.Z. 6. It l6Ts Champy '13 A.Z.E.G. 52. II 24s, 24m -._ Mnckermann '13 L.C. 28. " ( » Salamander • ) 24m von Erlanger •96 Z.A. 19. -2^0- UEQDELA (Continued) Species Chromo 2n some Number n Eemarks Observer Referpnces S . saiamandra 24s 12$(l) Wickbon'49 Rered. 35. Salamandrina iDerspicullata 12*(l) Sex chrom. unknown. Galgano '33 A.I.A.E. 32. Triton alpestris 12oJl,ll) Carnoy & lebrun '99; Lebrun '01 L.C. 16, 19. ( Triturus alpestris ) T. criatatus ( Triturus cristatus ) ( ) T. crlst. ft x T. marmoratuB o. (Double back-cross) 24s 18-24s n,2n,3n 24s 24s 24m l8-24s 24s 24s 12o\l,ll) I2(l,ll) Ovary de- generates. 12^(1) 12o(l,ll) 12^(1,11) 12o (1,11) 12^(1,11) Seat chrom. unknown. I2ftl) — (2-?)^+ Sterile; (6-205x0(1) no spenrv 7-2^0^11) fornr.tion. (2-lDjT-f- » (2-20) ^l) 6-720(11) Janssen6 '00, A. A. 17; I.C. 19; «01,'02,'C4 A.A. 21; 24. Champy '13 FiBchberg •45, '47 Vickbom «4$ Carnoy & lebrun '99 A.Z.E.&. 52. R. Suissez. 52, 54. Rered. 35. I.C. 16. Janssens '00, A.A. 17; I.C. 19; '91, '02, '04 A.A. 21, 2*K Jolly 'C4 Champy '13 Meek »13 Gelgano ' 33 Wickbom '45 White "1*6 A.A.M. 6. A.Z.E.G. 52 Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. london 23E. A.I.A.E. 32. Rered. 31. J.E.Z. 102. -231- URODELA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n 11 Remarks Observer Reference: T. palmatus T. vulgaris T. palmatus x Salamadra l8-2ii-s n 12-l6m it 7-24m 8-19" ii n,3n,4n T. punctatus 2Us Triton (Molee) pyrrho^astra n Triton taeniatus 2Um 12m(n) 36s On) 18-21* 12m II 2ks n (Trlturus vulgaris) 2^+s (Triton sp.) 2km H 2kz 2^m Champy '13 Retzius '81 A.Z.E.G. 52. Biol. Unters. Merogony Ovary de- generates. Fankhauser'34, J. E.G. 68, 75. 1 37 12o v (l,ll) FiBchberg •45. % k7 •Jans sens' 00, •01, , 02,'0i+ 12-lUoJl) 12o_d.ll) -- Born '9^ Carnoy & Lebrun '99 Merogonic Baltzer '22; individual(n) Fonkhauser •38a, b 3n adult :Unl- Book «U0 trlvalents ap- pear. Champy '13 With sperms Hertwig '13 treated with radium. 126(1,11) Sex chrom. Gslgano '33 unknovn. 12 (1) 126^(1) Wickbom '/+5 Rabl »85 R. Sui3se Z. 52, 5k. A.A. 17; L.C. 19; A. A. 21, 2k. Muckermnn'13 L.C. 28. A.M. A. kj. L.C. 16. Prokofiflva'35 Cyt. 6. Verh. Schweiz Fat. &es. Bern; J.M. 62; J.F.Z. 79. Hered. 26. A.Z.E.G. 52. A.M. A. 82. A.I.A.E. 32. Hered. 31. A.A. Ik. Moore & Emble- P.R.S. Lond. 77, ton '05; Moore 77. & Arnold '05 Early death Schbnmann '38 Roux' Arch. 138. in develop. -232- UROIXELA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Triton x Salamandra 12m(n) Triturus ensicauda Triturus (Dienyctilus) p^rrhogaster 24s 12m(n) 12m(n) 36m(3n) 36s(« ) 36-37o (» ) 12m(n) 2n,3n,n 24s 24o • — Merogonic Boehringer hybrid; early '38 death. 12o\l,ll) Sex chrom. Sato *JU unknown. " » Iriki '31, •32a,b Sato '32 Roux' Arch. 138. J.S. Hiroshima 17. Ser. B, 3. P.I.A. (Tokyo) 7; Z.M. (Jap.) 44; S.B. Tokyo B.D. Sec. B, 1. J.S. Hiroshima U. Ser. B, 2. Merogonic; early death. Androgenic; 3n appear. — 3n from re- frigerated eggs. Ovaries rudimentary in 3no. Meio- sis irregular in 3**". n in connec- tive tissue Spontaneous & cold- in- duced egg". 126(1,11) No sex ele- ment . FanHiau-er '37 J.H. 28. Kaylor '39, '40a, »40b Fawamura ' &1 , K. & Sanada '43, '49 Ishizawa '37 Fr.nkhauser, Crotta & Perrot '42 Maki '49 B.B. 77, 79, 79. Z.M. (Jap.) 53; Hyogoken Nat. Hist. Soc. 8-9; J ikken-Fei tai gaku 5. C.R.S.B. 125. J.F.Z. PQ. Seibutu. 4. Triturus similans 2n,3n,n Triturus (Diemyctllus) torosus Triturus viridescens 10 22m(2n) 33m(3n) Refriger- ated eggs. '-12o_d.il) Castello '42 A.R. 84. Lebrun '02a, b B.B. 3; 1-C 20. Spontaneous 3n in 1.6-1 Fankhauser '38a, b; '?9, '40, "41 Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. 79; A.R. 72; Genet. 24; A.R. 77; J.M- 68. 3- 40m Msrcgonic; Chrom. num- ber variable Fankhauser '32 A.R. 54. -233- URODELA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer Ref erencee Triturus viridescens 11m (n) 7-20m 33m(3n) 2n,3n,n Tylototriton andersoni 24s 24s Androgenic; Kaylor '35, '39 A.R. 64; E.B. 77. Chrom. num- ber variable From refri- Fankhauser & Proc. Rat. Acad, geratod eggs; Griffiths '39; Sci. 25; Genet. 3n in P0# Griffiths '41 26. 5n naturally Fankhauser '41 Genet. 26. appeared. From eggs Fankhauser '42, Biol. Symp. 6: treated with F. & watson'42 Proc. Nat. Acad, cold & heat. a,b, F. '45, F. Sci. 28: A.R. 84: & Godwin '48 Q. Rev. Biol. 20: Proc. Fat. Acad. Sci. 34. zfti.u) Sato '41 Makino '50 Kagaku 11. La Kromosomo 6. ANURA Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Bufonidae Bufo americanus B . arenarum B. bufo japonicus B. bufo B. calami ta n 22s 22s 22s 1 lt(l, 11) 3t-Y$T 120 (1) llftl.ll) Sex chrom. unknown. i-xti 22 V's Witschi 'i!3 Cyt. 4. Saez, Rojas & C.R.S.B. 117; Robertis '34a, Rev. Soc. Argen- '34b, "36a,b tine Biol. 10; Inst. Mus. Nac. Plata, 2; Z.Z. M.A. 24. Iriki'29; Minouchi & Iriki '31 Wickbom'U5, '49 Z.M. (Jap.) 41; K.C.S. Kyoto I. U. Ser. B, 6. Hered. 31, 35. Bataillon '10 A.Z.E.G. Ser. V, 6. Stohler '27a, •27b, '28 B.Z. 47; Verh., Schweiz Nat. Ges. 108; Z.Z. M.A. 7. -?34- ANTJRA (Continued) Species p.. calamlta E. canorus B. fowleri B. lenti^inosus B. quercicuc Buf o radderi E. ra^ularis E. sachalinensls 3. viridis B. vulgaris Chromosome Number _SS Ii Remarks 22s 24s 24o 22s 22s 22s, 22o 22s 18-24o 22s Observer References 11^(1) 126^(1,11) 12^(1,11) 22 V's X~7c\ Wickbom '45,* k9 Witschi '33 Hered. 31, 35. Cyt. k. nfri.ii) 7^-rh II II llftl.ll) — 11 ■ftl) Xing »01,»02, , 05,'07,'08 Witschi '33 11 Sato '36 Wickbom '2+9 Makino '30, 132 Stohler '26, '27a, '27b, '28 Beccari '26a,b 11©<: 3^.(11) 22 V's 8-100(1} , (11) Wickbom »i*5 Carnoy & Lebrun'OO, Lebrun '01 Delia Valle '07 J.M. 17; A.A. 21; B.3. 9; A. J. A. 7; J.M. 19. Cyt. k. it Z.M. (Jap.) I»8. Hered. 35. Z.M. (Jap.) k2; P.I.A. (Tokyo) 8. B.Z. 1*6; k?; Verb. Schweiz Nat. Ges. 108; Z.Z.M.A. 7. C.R. Assoc. Anat. (Liege) 21; Ann. Anat. Path. Mem.- Chir. 3. A.I.A.E. 32. Hered. 31. L.C. 17, 19. Atti R.Acad. Sci. Napoli, Ser, Ha 13. 8-9o_(l) 22s,22o llftl.ll) Bataillon '10 A.Z.E.G. Ser. V, 6. Stohler' 27a, '27b, '28 Sex chron. Galgano '33 unknown. B.Z. k7; Verh. Schweiz Nat. Ges. 108; Z.Z.M.A. 7. A.I.A.E. 32. -235- ANURA (Continued) Speciea Chromosome Number 2n n Remark e Observer References B. vulgaris H. arbor ea japonlca H. avivoca 22s, 24m N ?2s Discoglossidae Alytes obstetricans 32s i 36s BomMnator igneus Bombinator pachypu6 24s Bombina orientalis H B. bomb ina 24s B. variegata II Dyscoglossus pictus 28s Engystomidae Cacopoides tornieri 28s Hylidae Acris crepitans 22s A. gryllus n Hyla arborea 24s 24s 11 £<1> 22 V's 166*(1) Poska-Teiss'33 Z.Z.M.A. 17. Wickbom '45 Hered. 31. Janssens & L.C. 25. Willems »09 l8o\l) 12 V's Wickbom '49 Hered. 35. 6-79(11) Lebrun '01 L.C. 19. 12^(1,11) Sex chrom. Galgano >33 A.I.A.E. 32. unknown. h Sato •35, , 38 Z.M. (Jap.) 47; J.S. Hiroshima U. Ser. B, 6. 12 ftl) 24 V's 20 V's Wickbom '49 Hered. 35. n n Wickbom '45, '49 Hered. 31, 35. L4d\l,ll) Sato '36 llo\l) 22 V's Bushnell, Bushnell & Parker '39 12^(1,11) Sex chrom. Galgano »33 unknown. Z.M. (Jap.) I18. Jour. Tennesse Acad. Sci. 14. A.I.A.E. 32. 24 V's Wickbom '45 Hered. 31. 12 til) X-X6*? 24 V's Iriki '30, '32a,b Bushnell, Bushnell & Parker '39 M.C.S. Kyoto I.U. Ser. B, 5; S.R. Tokyo B.B. Ser. B, 1. J. Tennesse Acad. Sci. 14. -236- A1JURA (Continued) Species H. cinerea Chromosome JTumber 2n n Remarks Observer References •i yc- R. eyculenta n H n 2^s H. versicolor M Pelobatidae Pelodytei punctatus Pelobates fuscus 26b Pipidae Xenopus laevis 36s Banidae Polypedates buerseri 26s Rana agilis 26s R. arvalis 2^8 R 269 R. catesbiana 26« B 28s N 26s R . dalmat ina 26s 24m n I63 ca. 25s 12-28m 30-38m 12o"(l) 2k V's 6o.(l) — 13 (1) 26 V's 18 (1) 12 V's 13^(1,11) — 12^(1) ?M V's 13^(1) 26 7' 3 1^(1) Larval testes 13^(1,11) 26 V's 13^(1) 26 V's 13*(1) ,13^(11) JL-ofa 12 Bushnell, Bushnell & Parker '39 J. Tennesse Acad. Sci. Ik. Bataillon '10 A.Z.3.S. Ser. V, 6. Wickbom '^5, '^9 Hered. 31, 35. Sato '3^ Mat they '47 Wickbom x k5 Cei 'Jl6 Swingle «1? Swingle '21 Makino '1*7 Cei l k6 Schottlander '38 vom Rath '95 Champy '13 Levy '15 R. escul.o x. F9rtwig G-. Bufo viridisi u.P. "20 Pseud ©hy- brid Z.M. (Jap.) k6. Sci. Genetica 3. ' Hered. 31. Monit. Zool. Ital. 55. B.B. 33. J.S.Z. 32. La Kromosomo J-k. Monit. Zool. Ital. 55. A.M.A. 31. A.M.A. k6. A.Z.E.G. 52. A.M.A. 86. A.M.A. 9k. -237- AITuEA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References :. ef. H. elcculenta R . graeca R. .japonlca , .japonica ox R. tesporp.ria"' fr R. limno charles R. nigromaculata 13-39m it 26s 39m(3n) 26s 25s 26 s 13*(n) 26m (2n) 39m(3n) 52m (4n) 78m(6n) etc. Geno- and Dalcq ■ 30 , ' 32 androgenic 26s 136(1,11) Sex chrom. Galgano 31a, unknown. 31b, '?lc, '33a, '33d,' 34,' 35 26s 13$ d) 26 V's Wickbam f l',5 « " « Cei '46 Kawamura '39, 143 Artif. par- Kawamura '39a, thenogenesis '39b, '40 13^(1.11) Kobayashi'46 Meiosis ir- Kawamura '42, regular In £ , 'kjs. t 'b I. Allopoly- ploids pro- duced by re- frigeration of F x eggs. Ann. Bull. Soc. Roy. Sci. Med. Nat. Bruxelles; A.B. 43. M.Z. Italiano, kl, 42; A.I.A.E. 31, 32; M.Z. ItRliano, 45; A.I.A.E. 34. Hered. 31. Monit. Zool. Ital. 55. Z.M. (Jap.) 51,55. J.S. Hiroshima U. Ser. B, 7; Z.M. (Jap.) 51; J.S. Hiroshima U. Ser. B, 8. Shizen-Kenkyu Nov. '46. Jap. J. (J. 18; Z.M. (Jap.) 55, 55. 13£(1.11) X~x£? n fti) In larvae of artif. parth. n, 2n,3n, 4n, 6n & myxo- ploids occur. Sato »33, '34 Iriki '28, '32 Ting »36 Kawamura '37, l 39a,b, , 40,"4l P. I. A. Tokyo 9; Z.M. (Jap.) 46. Z.M. (Jap.) 40; S.R. Tokyo B.D. Sec. B, 1. Peking Nat. Hist. Bull. 13. Nippon GakursyutsvH Kyokai 12; J.S. Hiroshima U. Ser. 3, 6,7,8; Z.M. (Jap.) 53. -238- ANURA (Continued) Species 2n Rana ni^romaculata 39s (^n) 39o (» ) R. nisromaculata x 26s R. plancyi R. palustris 13m (n) 26m (2n) 39*(3n) R. pipiens 25s, 26o H ( 'Leopard frog') 20 e Chromosome Number -i Remarks Observer References ■D _ plancyi R. rugosa R. tigrina g ter.rporaria From rafri- Kawamura'il-la, P. I. A. (Tokyo) 17; gerated eggs 'klb, *'4j Z.M. (jap.) 53; Jap. J.G. 19. Peking Nat. Hist. Pull. 13. A.R. 5U; J.E.Z. 66. 13*(l) Meiosis Ting '39 regular Parth. lar- Parmenter va. n, 2n, '32, '33 3n & mixo— Tiloids L3?(ll X-o£? 13^(1) 12,136' (11) Swingle '17 Parth. larva Loeh '18 33. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. Wash. k. 26s, 26o 13^(1) 13(n), 26(2x0. 39(3n)a " Parmenter '20, J.G-.P. 2, 8. '25 Parth. Larva. Parmenter '26, A.R. Jk, 5k; n,2n,3n & '32, '33 J.E.Z. 66. mis opioid 13(n),26(2n), Androgenic Porter '38, A.R. 72; B.B. 77 36-39(3n)m larva. '39,^1 BO. 26s 13^(1) Ting '39 Peking Nat. Hist. Bull. 13. 11 13^(1,11) i-xh Iriki '28, '32 Z.M. (Jap.) kO; S.R. Tokyo B.D. Sec. B, 1. it lrfCD — Asana Unpublished. efti) 8-100.(1) 10^(11) Bertacchini '96 Int. Monats. Anat. Phys. 13. Carnoy & Lebrun '00; Lebrun '01 L.C. 17, 19. ( R. fusca ) ( u ) ( ■ ) ( » ) 24s 12m ca. 20m &-2km 126(1,11) vom Rath '95 A.M. A. U6. 12o_(l) Parth. Larva. Bataillon '10 A.Z.S.G. Ser. V, 6. H Brachet '11 A.B. 26. " Levy '13, '20 A.M. A. 82; Sitz. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. -239- ANTJRA (Continued) Species Chromo i 2n jome Number n Eemarks Observer References R. tenporaxia (E. fusca) l>27m Parth. larva Hovasse '20, '22a, '221) C.R.A.S. 170; 174; B.B. Fr. Pel. 56. N 26s 132(1,11) Xr-YoN Witscbi '22, »24 Z.I.A.V. 27; Z.Z.M.A. 1. II ti n — Makino «32, •46 P. I. A. (Tokyo) 8; La Kromosomo 2. Rana tempo rarla 26 b 13^(1,11) Sex chrom. unknown. Galgano '33 A. I. A. 3. 31. H 26m — Prokofieva'35 Cyt. 6. ('Frosch') 16m — Blood cell Dekhuyzen'91 A.A. 6. ('Grenouille') 24m Parth. larvae Dehorne '10 C.R.A.S. 150. it 13m (n) 26m (2n), 39m(3n) Parth. larvae Parmenter '37, '40 A.R. 70; J.M. 66. H 24s Kawaraura ' 43 Z.M. (Jap.) 55. n 26s 13*(D 26 V's Wickbom »45 Hered. 31. H 24s — Kobayashi «46 Shizen-Kenkyu Nov. '46. E. t. ornati-ventris n 12$(l,ll) it 11 (Rana sp.) 26s 13?(D Goldschmidt'20 A.Zf. 15. Rhacophorus schlegelii sch'legelii 26s i3ftl.1i) Makino '32 P.I.A. (Tokyo)8. REPTILIA . CROCODILIA Species Chromo 2n some Number n Remarks Observer References Alligator mississippiensis 32s lfiftl) Eisley »42 A.R. 84. n H — 10 V's occur; Mat they "47 Sci. G-enetica 3. -2^0- CHSLONIA Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Chelonidae Caretta caretta 58s olivacea 57o Chelonia .japonica 56s 55o Cinccternidae Sternotherus odoratus 50s Testudinidae Chrysemys cinerea __ Chrysemys narginata Cistudo Carolina Ciemmys .japonica Clemmys mutica Cyclemys flavomar- ~inata Emys orbicularis (gg. euroT>aea5~ Geoemyda spengleri .japonica Ocadia sinensis Testudo graeca Trionychidae Aiyda .japonica — x-x£,xoo XXo\x0o £&) — — 17^(1) x-o£ — 16^(1) n 52s 26o\l) x-xt 52s 26^(1) n 52s 26^(1,11) n 50s 25^(1) H Nakamura ' 37 , Oguma '42 50s 25^(1,11) Risley »?6 Glascock '11* Jordon t lk n Nakamura * 35 Nakamura '37, •49 Mat they '30, •31 ' Jap. J.G. 13; La Kromosomo 5-6. Kaibogaku-Zassi 20. 3yt. 7. Thesis TJniv. Wisconsin (1914). Sci. 39. n M.S.C. Kyoto I.U. Ser. B, 10. Jap. J.G. 13; La Kromosomo 5-6. Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sci. Nat. 57; R. Suisse Z. 38. Vickbom '45 Hered. 31. 52s 26^(1) X-x£; 4n spermato- cytes appear 52s 26^(1) X-x£ 54-60s 64s 32^(1,11) X-Xo\x-0o 63o 31+X, o_(l) + Nakamura '37, »ll9 Nakamura ' 49 Matthey «31 Oguma '36, '37 Jap. J.G. 13; La Kromosomo 5-6. La Kromosomo 5-6. R. Suisse Z. 38. Jap. J.G. 12; J.G. 3^. -241- RHTfiTCHOCEPHALIA Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Snhenodon -punctatum 36s 18^(1,11) Keenan "32 J. Anat. 67. IACERTILIA Srcies Chromosome Number 2n n Renarks Observer References A(°;ama. stellio 363 Calotes versicolor 34s 33o Jaoarula no] y.^onata 46s J . swlnhonis 46s Sitana nonticeriana 46s 45o Uromastix hardvicki 36 s Amphisbaenidae Rhineura floridana Trofymophis wiegrannl Anguidae An.guis fragllis 34s 46s 36 s 18^(1,11) X-Xo" 17^(1) X-Xo\x-0o 33o(l,ll) 23^(1,11) X-x£ 23^(1) X-Xo,X-0o l8o\l,ll) X-X6* 36?m ?3o\l,ll) » l8o\l,ll) " 12oU) l8?o(l) Mat they '29, «31 Makino & Asan". '48 Momma '48, Momma A Makino «49 Nakamura ' "*1, '35 Makino & As ana ' 48 Mat they »29,*3l C.R. Soc. Phys. Geneve 46; R. Suisse Z. 38. Chrom. 3. Z.M. (.Tan.) 58; cyt. 15. P.I.A. (Tokyo) 7; M.C.S. Kyoto I. U. Ser. B, 10. Chrom. 3. Kakino & Asana '^3, '50 Katthey '32, C.R. Soc. Phys. Geneve 46; R. Suisse Z. 38. Ohro™. 3; Iden- Sogo-Kenkyu 1. C.R.S.B. 110; R. Suisse Z. hO. Matthey '31, Bull. Soc. Vaud. '32 Sci. Nat. 57; A.Z.E.G-. 74. Loyez '05 Trinci '08 A.A.M. 8. Mem. R.Acad. Sci. Bologna, Ser. VI, 5< -242- LAGERTILIA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number _2n ii Remarks Observer References Anguis frafllis ca. 43s 22d\l) X-ofa Dalcq '20a,b, '21 43s 22o\l, 11) X-X6*;l V- Matthey '29, chrom. in '31a, b 2n. Gerrhonotus king! 44s 44o 45 s 226(1) X-Yo? Sex Margot «46 chrom. un- known. X-Xo*; IV Matthey »29, chrora. in 2n 31, a, b Gerrhonot us ?"tnH randu 44,45s 22o\l) X-X6*; 17 Matthey '29, ( =G. caeruleus ) chrom. in 2n 31a, b, '32, '33 Ophisaurus ventralis 30s Pseudopus apus Aniellidae Aniella pulchra 44s 24s 15^(1) x-x£ 22 fo.ll) Chamaeleontidae Chamaeleon vulgaris 24s 120 ( 1,11) " 24o,24s X-Y^? Sex chrom. unknovm. Matthey '29, '31a, b Matthey '31a,b C.R.S.3. 83; A.B. 31. C.R.Soc. .Phys. Geneve 46; Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sci. Nat. 57; R. Suisse Z. 38. R. Suisse Z. 53. C.R. Soc. Phys. Geneve 46; Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sci. Nat. 57; R. Suisse Z. 38. C.R. Soc. Phys. Geneve 46; Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sci. Hat. 57; R. Suisse Z. 38; C.R.S.3. 110; R. Suisse Z. 40. C.R. Soc. Phys. Geneve 46; Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sci. N a t. 57; R. Suisse Z. 38. Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sci. Nat. 57; R. Suisse Z. 38. Matthey l 29,«31 M atthey "43 C.R. Soc. Phys. Geneve 46; E. Suisse Z. 38. Arch. Jul. Klaus- Stift. Vprerb. 18. -24> LACERTILIA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Eublepharidae Sublephnrig rarlegatus Geckonidae Gehyla variegata o fp sawaras lmae Gekko .japonicus Gymnodactylus milliusi 32 s l6o\l,ll) X-Yo? Matthey '32a, C.R.S.B. 110; Sex chrom. '32b, '33 Ball. Soc. Vaud. unknown. Sei. Nat. 57; R. Suisse Z. 40. HT.idact.ylus bowringii H. flaviviridis H . f renatus Tarentola mauretanica Gerrho oauridae Gerrho saunas flavi°x-laris Helodermatidae Heloderma suspectum 63o ___ X-0o_ Makino & Momma ' 49 Cyt. 15. 38 s 19^(1,11) it Nakamura *31, ,7 2 P.T.A. (Tokyo) 7; Cyt. 3. — 20? £(1) xx-ofo Su-Hsuen '33 J.K. 54. 3«s 19o\l,ll) X-X# Mr.tthey 32a, 32b, 33 C.R.S.B. 110; Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sci. Nat. 57; R. Suisse Z. 40. 46s 23^(1,11) ti Naksmura '31, '32 P.I.A. (Tokyo) 7; Cyt. 3. 46s 23^(D Asana & Mahabale '41 Current Sci. 10. H tl Kakino & Asana '50 Iden-Sogo-Xenkyu 46s 23^(1) Momma '48, MakinO & Momma '49 Z.M. (Jap.) 58; Cyt. 15. 42 s 2l£(l,ll) x-x£ Matthey '29, '31 C.R. Soc. Phys. Geneve 46; R. Suisse Z. 38. 36e 38s L8o\l,ll) 19 #(1.11) Matthey '32, "33 C.R.S.B. 110; R.Suisse Z. 40. Matthey '•'la.b Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sci. Fat. 57; R. Suisse Z. 38. -2U\- LACER7ILIA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Iguanidae Anolis carnlinensl8 Crotaphytus collaris Holbrookia texana Sceloporus spinosas Sceloporus undulates consobrinus Uta ornata Lacertidae Lacerta agilis Lacerta aural Is Lacerta stirplum Lacerta vlridls Lacerta vivipara ?Ls 17^(1) XX-ofo 16,17*(11) 36s l«o\l,ll) X-x£ _ 36-^8s I8?£(l) XX-Oc"? 3l+?s 18-1 9&(l) X-0? 22s 11^(1) XX-Oo"? 30?s 1JW17£(1) " « 114-15^(1) " 20-28s lO-lfftl) 38s 19^(1,11) X-x£ 2Uo 8-12o(l) 38s 19o*(l,ll) X-x£ Painter "21 J.E.Z. 3^. Matthey '29,'31 C.R. Soc. Phys. Geneve k6; R.Suisse Z. 38. Painter '21 J.E.Z. 3k. Tellyesniezky '9? Matthev '29, •31 Loyez '05 Mat they '29, «31 38s » Hat they '31 36s, 35o, om 18^(1,11) X-Xo\x-0£ Oguma «34a,b I8#(l) Early accounts Mat they *3k ('31/ corrected 36s 36s 36o Nogusa '^4 X-Y^T Sex Mar got f h6 chrom. un- knovm Mpth. Natwiss. Ber. Eungarn 13. C.R. Soc. Phys. Geneve k6; R. Suisse Z. 38. A.A.M. 8. C.R. Soc. Phys. Geneve k6; R. Suisse Z. 38 R. Suisse Z. 38. Z.M. (Jap.) ^6; A.B. 45. C.R.S.B. 117. Jap. J.G. 20. R. Suisse Z. 53. -2^5- LACERTILIA (Continued) Chromosome dumber Species 2n n Remarks Observer References Lpcerta ocellrta 36s 18^(1,11) Mat they '38,' 39 C.R.S.E. 127; Cyt. 10. Psammoirrmus hipanicus 38s 19# Mat they '39 Cyt. 10. Takydromus tachydromoides ti 190(1,11) x-x£ ITakamura '28, '35 M.C.S. Kyoto I.TJ. Ser. B, 4, 10. it ii Nogusa *Hk Jan. J.G-. 20. Takydromus fonosanus it 19&1.11) X~x£ Nakamura '31 P. I. A. (Tokyo) 7; M.C.S. Kyoto I.TJ. Ser. 3, 10. Takydromus septentrionalis Takydrsnus snarsgdinus Tropidosaurus eligirus Scincidae Chalci^s tridactylus Cryptobrephplus nigro- punctatus 11 11 Noguea '44 Jap. J.G-. 20. X-XcT Matthey '31b E. Suisse Z. 38. l4o\l) X-x£ Eumeces latiscutatus T>. elegpns E. narginatus Ma'ouya nacularia It Scincus officinalis Sphenomorphus indicua 28s 146(1, ll) 28 s l4o\l,ll) — 26s 130^(1,11) x-x£ 26s — II 26s — — ~" — 32s l6o\l) 32s 16^ 1,11) X-v/ Matthey '29, •31 Makino & Momma ' 49 Nakamura '31a, '31"b Momma ' i|8 ; MrJkino & Momma '49 Asana & Mahabale '41 Makino & Asana '50 Met they '??. Momma ' W , M"kino & Momma ' 49 C.R. Soc. Phye. Geneve 46; R. Suisse Z. 38. Cyt. 15. P. I. A. (Tokyo) 7; Cyt. 2. Z.M. (Jap.) 58; Cyt. 15. Current Sci. 10. Iden-Sogo-Kenkyu 1. C.R. Soc. Phys. Geneve 46; R. Suisse Z. 38. Z.M. (Jap.) 58; Cyt. 15 -246- LACERTILIA (Continued) Species Chro 2n mo some Number n Eemarks Observer Refprence3 Tejiidae Aneiva curinar.ensis 50s 2.4(1) -A X-Xo Mat they 33a, b C.E.S.B. 112; E. Suisse Z. 40. Cnemidophorus gularis 20?,om Yamashina '50, Auk (Bull. Am. '51 Crnith. Union), 1950; Iden-Sogo-Kenkyu 2. Schoneberg '13 A.M. A. 83. X-Xb\X-0o; Alichanian'36 Zool. Jour. V-T. * +" ^f-_l > 1 X=R 76& duck I ) jsftl) Z-Z#, (Moskow) 15. Werner »25,'27 A.R. 31; B.B. 52. H ('Zhaki campbell 1 ) 34-62o, X-Xo\x-0c-; Sokolowskaya Z.E. (Moekaw) 4. " ('Aylesbgry') 6"m om X=Vl '35 X-Xo\x~0o_; Crew & Koller Proc. Roy. Soc. X=V '36 Edinb. 56. *R]_-the 1st largest rod-shaped chrom. V]_=the first largest V-shaped chrom. r,--the 5th largest rod-shaped chrom. -251- A1TSERES (Continued) Species Chromosome Number _2n n Remarks Observer References Anas nlatyrhyncha 80s, 79 o 4o£(l) X-x£,X-Oo_; don^stica ('P":,i?st'ic duck') X-rc* Anas platyrhyncha A. acuta 80s X-Xo\x~0o_; X^r 4o£(l) A. crecca ii — A. falcata it A. penelope ii A. strepera R Anser aibifrons 82s 4lt(l) Aythya fuli^ula 80s A. marila it A. ferina ca. l6s 8^(1,11) Branta bernicla 84s ikJ(i) Bucephala clangula 80s — Cairina mopchata ca. 16s 8o\l,ll) Cairina moschata 34-62o,om M ('Muscovy') -72o,om ■ ('Muscovy 80s,79o koto.) duck') X-Xo\x-0o; X-R x X-xfl.X-Co; X=V n X^r 5 Oguma '38 Ann. Zool. Jap. 17. Suzuki '39 Jap. J.G. 15. Yamashina •42, '43 •ftl, Jap. 12; J.G. 17; Cyt. Jap. J.G. 19. Yamashina '51 '50, Auk (Bull. Am. Ornith. Union), 1950; Iden-Sogo-Kenkyu 2. ii ii n it N it it it N N H It Schoneberg '13 A.M. A. 83. Yamashina '50, '51 Schoneberg '13 Sokolowskaya '35 Crew & Koller '36 Yamashina '41, '42, '43 Auk (Bull. An. Ornith. Union), 1950; Iden-Sogo-Kenkyu . A.M.A. 83. Z.B. (Koa&aw) 4. Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinb. 56. Jap. J.G. 17; Cyt. 12; Jap. J.G. 19- *r -the 5th largest rod-shaped chrom. -252- ANS2RES (Continued) S-ce:les Carina moschata x Anas platyrhyncha Chenopis atra Clangula hyemalis Cygnorsis cygnold var. oriental is Cygnus cygnus Chromosome Number 2n n 3^4-620, tn 5^70^,0"= 80s, 79o 80s 82s, 8I0 Remarks Observer References X-Xd,X-Oc_; Sokolowskaja Similar in • 35 reciprocal. X-Xo\x-Ooj X=V i; 1st div. irreg- ular in F, Crew & Koller •36 X-Xo\x-o£; Yama:hir.a l kl, X=r 5 . 1st 'te, 1 ^ div; irreg- ular in F,. Similar in reciprocal. W)£(l) X-Xo\x-Oo; X=v„ Ul£(l) Yamashina '50, •51 Oguma ' U-2 Yamashina '50, ■51 Z.B. (Moekaw) k. Pro?. Roy. Soc. Edinb. 56. Jap. J.G. 17; Cyt. 12; Jap. J.G. 19. Auk (Bull. Am. Crnith. Union), 1950; Iden-Sogo-Kenkyu 2. Kaibo^iku Zassi 20. Auk (Bull. Am. Crnith. Union), 1950; Iden-3ogo-Kenkyu 2. 80s ffendronetta Saloriculata 8i* Hlstri'onicus histrionicus 80s Lanpronnesa sponsa ca. l6s Mareca penelope " Melanitta fusca 80s M. ni^ra " Mer^us sTrator H Schoneberg '13 A.M. A. 83. Yamashina '50 Auk (Bull. Am. '51 Ornith. Union), 1950; Iden-TOgo-Kenkyu 2. -253- ANSERES (Continued) Species Chromosome 17'unber 2n n Remarks Observer References Spatula clypeata Tadorna rutila 80s ij4-46m Yamashina '50 Auk (Bull. Am. Ornith. Union), July, '50. Sokolowskaja »i*0 Trudy Inst. Genet. 13. STEGANOPODES Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Phalacrocoracidae Phalacrocorax carbo hanedae 70s 35^(D Oguma '37 J.E.S. Hokkaido I. U. Ser. VI, 5. TUBINAEBS Species Chrome some Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Procellariidae Oceanodroma leucorrhoa 74s, 73© 37o\l) X-Xo\X-0d; leucorrhoa X=r_ Oguma '37, %{ *2 J.E.S. Hokkaido I.U. Ser. VI, 5i Kaibogaku Zassi 20. PYGOPCDES Species Chromo 2n some Number n Remarks Observer References Podicen" ruficallis 80s 79o X-Oo Yamashina '50 La Kromosomo 6. -254- SOLUMBAE Chromosome Number Snecies 2n n Remarks ObFo^rer References ColumMdae ColurVba livia domestica l6s 8o\l), fcftll) Guyer '02 Bull. Univ. Cincin- nati, Ser. II, 2. N 16m 8?(1,11) Haper '0^ A. J. A. 3. It ca. l6s 8$(l),u£(ll) — Smith '27 Q.J.M.S. 58. U 62s, om 6lom -r 3l£(l,ll) Xr-Xo\x-Oo; x=v l Oguma '27 J. Coll. Agr. Hok- kaido Imp. Univ. 16. » ('Pigeon') 50+ o,om 31-62m X-Xo^.X-Ooj Uunber vari- Hance '32 Shivago '39 A.R. 5^- n B.B. Pr. Bel. 73. able in soma n 80s,79o tto^d) X-Xcf.X-Oo; YamasMna & Makino , k6 Selbutu 1. Streotopelia risoria (Turtur risorius) 16s 8o\l),^(ll) Guyer '02 Bull. Univ. Cincin- nati, Ser. II, 2. 11 ('Dove') 50 to, 6m X-Xo\x-Oo Eance '32 A.R. 5k. n 66s 33*(1) Tange & ITakahara '39 Folia Anat. Jao. 17. S. decaocto var. 76s, 75o 386^(1) X-Xo\X-Oo_; Yamashina & Makino 'U6 Seibutu 1. risoria S. orientalis 75o X-Oo; X=v^ H H S. dec, risoria x S. orient. 38^(1) LIMICOLAE Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Charadrius dubius 78s 39^(1) Ypmashina '^-6 La Kromosomo 1. -255- LARI Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References LaridLae Sternula albifrons 66s 33ftl> sinensis Larue argentatus 66s 33^(1) ve^ae Oguma "37 Oguma '37 J.r.S. Hokkaido I. U. Ser. VI, 5. J.r.S. Hokkaido I. U. Ser. VI, 5. ALCAE Specie; Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Alcidae Erachyramphus marmorata 50s perdix Lunda cirrhata " 25 til) Oguma '37 J.r.S. Hokkaido I. U. Ser. VI, 5. ALEC TOR IDES Species Chromosome Number Remarks Observer References Fulica atra R6s 85o C-Oc Yamashina '50 La Eromosomo 6. GALLI Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remark; Observer References Phasianida9 Bambusicola thoracica Chrysolophus anherstiae 78s 5o-6om 82s h -lt(l) X-Xo\x-0o_; X=v f . Yamashina '^6 La Eromosomo 1. Scaccini '39 A.I.A.E. kZ. Tamashina l kl, Jap. J.G-. 17; •U3 J.F.S. Hokkaido I.U. Ser: VI, 8. -256- GALLI (Continued) Specie; Chromosome Humber _2n n Remarks Observer References Ch. pictus R Ch. pictus s Ch. amherstiae Coturnix coturnix japonica 50-60m 82s 4l£(l) X-Xo*, X-O^, Meiosis regular in 44s 78 s Gallus gallus domesticus ■ ('Huhn') it 22o\l,ll) 39^(1) — 6?o_(l) — 12-l6o (1) — Scaccini »39 A.I.A.E. 42. Yamashina '41, Jap. J.G. 17; J.F.S. I! Hokkaido I.u! Ser! VI, 8. Eob-yashi'37 Z.M. (Jan.) 49. Oguma '38 Leyez 'C6 Sonnenbrodt •06 Ann. Zool. Jap. 17- A.A.M. 3. A.M. A. 72. 12m ' ('Gold can- pine fowl') " ('Chicken') ca. 32s 17-198 9^(1), X-o£ 4,5£(ll) 18 s ,6m « X-X#X-0o_ l8-20s 8-lo£(l) Lecaillon 'j.0 A.A.M. 12. Guyer '09 A. A. 34. Guyer '16 Cutler '18 'Huhn') 32o, om 35-34$, 6m 35-36s — 35-36o_, om 60-70m(pro) 35-40m(meta) 32s __ 30-44^,601 Miss Stevens Boring '23 figure X-X6*,X-Yoj Shiwago '24 **]_, Y=s B.B. 31. J.G. 7. Sci. 58. Sci. 60. X-Oo.; x=vj X-X6*,X-0q; X=V]_ + X-Oo X-Xc"; Number var- iable in racial hy- brids. Hance '23, '24, A.R. 26; Sci. 59; '25 A.R. 31. Hance '26 J.M. 43. Hance '26a, b B.B. 50,51. Akkeringa '27 Z.M.A.F. 8. -257- GALLI (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Gallus sallus domes ti cus ( »Huhn' ) " ( 'Euhn' ) 36-38m I ('H"hn') 29-39m " ('Chicken') 66±2om 65±2om » ('Eaushuhn') 69- ?0 o_, on (pro) 30-^55_,om (meta) it 32-71 e,o 9,om Wj-6ls,o, 0,0m 5©-70m 78s, 77o 51-60s,o 78b,77o 2V's ir o", IV in o_ Tissue culture Goldsmith '28 J.M. k6. 33^(1) X-x£,X-Oo_; X=T, X-Xo\X-Oo_; Kemp '30 Saguchi '30 White '32 Popoff "33 Z.Z.M.A. 11. Zyt. Studien, III (Kanasawa) . J.Cr. 26. Z.Z.M.A. 17. X=Y X-x£,X-Oo; Sokolow & Z.I.A.V. 65; Z. X=Ve. Mic- Trofimow '33; B. (Moskaw) 5; rochr. in- Sokolow, Tinia- Cyt. 7. constant in kow & Trof i- number mow '36a,b Unger '36 X-Xo\x-0q; Soaccini '37 "1 X-Xo\x-Oo; Oguma '38, l k2 X=v c + 38-l*Oo(l) X-Xo\x-Ooj Miller «?8 X=Ve- Sper- matogenesis in sex re- versed o 39^(1,11) X-7.£,X-0oj Suzuki «30,»39 X=v Amounts of 1930 cor- rected Z.Z.M.A. 25. Rivist. Biol. 22. Ann. Zool . Jap. 17; Kaibogaku- Zassi 20. A.R. 70. Z.M. (Jap.) k6; Jap. J.G-. 15. -258- SATJiI (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Gallus callus domesticus ( 'Haushuhn') 78s, 77o 39^(1) X-Xo\x~Oo_; X=v r . Num- ber constant by races. Yamashina '41, '43, '44 Jap. J.G. 1?; J.F.S. Hokkaido I.U. Ser. VI, 8; Cyt. 13. Gallus gallus x Phasianus colchicus 80s,79o Gem cells degenerate early in meiosis. Yamashinp ' 41 , 143 Jap. J.G. 17; J.F.S. Hokkaido I.U. Ser. VI, 8. Gennaeus "beli 5O-60m Scaccini '39 A.I.A.E. 42. G. nyctemerus n 11 n G. swinhoii 8lo(82s) 41o V (l) X-Xo\x-O0; X=v 5 Yamashina *46 Seibutu 1. Hieronhasis swinhoii 50-6 Om Scaccini '39 A.I.A.B. 42. Meleagris sallopavo ('Truthennen' J 466m 46om X-Xd,X-Yo; X=7 1 ,T=s Shiwago '29 Z.Z.M.i. 9. " ('Domestic turkey') 760m 77om 38^(1) Z-Zo^W^-Zq; W=J lf Z=Vi Werner ! 31 B.B. 61. n Ilumber not given X-Xc*,X-Oo.; X=Vcj. Num- ber of micro- chroms inconstant. Sokolow, TiniaJ'ov & Trofimov; '34, . '36a, '36b Z.B. (Moskaw) 3, 5; Cyt. 7. t 50-55* Sceccini '39 A.I.A.E. 42. H 82s, 8I0 infti) X-Xo\x-Oo; X=v 5 Yamashina r 46 Seibutu 1. Numida meleagris domestica ('Domestic guinea') 17a 9ft 1), 8,9^(11) x-oj Guyer '09 A. A. 34. ■ — X-XcT,X-Oo_; X=v , . Num- Sokolow, Tiniakow & B.Z. (Moskaw) 5; Cyt. 7. ber of micro- Trofimow '36a, chroms. in- '36b constant. 78s, 77o 39^(1,11) X-Xo\x-Oo; Suzuki '39 Jap. J.G. 15, X=v -259- GALLI (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Obberver Ref erencee ITamidn meleagris domes t lea ( 'Domestic filnea 1 ) Numida mel. a . x Gallus g. dom. o Nycthemerus argentatus Pavo cristatus Phasianus colchicus 50m 768,750 38o\l) X-Xo^X-v 760 X-0o_;X=v Scaccini '39, A.I.A.E. 42,^7. *k2 Yamashina '46 Seibutu 1. ( 'Pheasant') Phasianus x Gallus Number not given 40-63s,o X-Xd\x-0o_; X=vjt,. Num- "ber of micro-chroms. inconstant. X-x£,X-0o_; X^Vj.' ^ uny " beirof micro-chroms, inconstant. X-Zo\x-0$; X-v^, . num- ber of ricro-chroms, inconstpnt. Sokolow, B.Z. (Moskaw) 5; Tiniakow & Cyt. 7. Trofimow '36a, '36b Tiniakow '3*1.; Sokolow, Tinia- kow -% Trofimow . '36a, '36b Trofimow & Z.I.A.V. 65; Tiniakow '33; Z.B. (Moskaw) Sokolow, Tinia- 5; Cyt. 7. kow & Trofimow •36a, '36b Phasianus colchicus kr.rpowl Ph. col, versicolor Phasianus torquatus 52-6ls,o 78s, 77o 39^(1,11) 82s, 8I0 4l#(l) X-Xo\x-0o; Suzuki '39 Jap. J.G. 15 . X=v Yaaashine 'Ul, Jap. J.G. 17; '43 J.F.S. Hokkaido I.U. Ser. TI, 8. X-X^.X-Ooj X=v^. Num- ber of micro-chroms. inconstant. 20-?2s 10-11^(1). 8*(l ) l8-20s Oguma x k2 Unger '36 Cutler '18 Cutler '18 Kaibogaku-Zassi 20. Z.Z.M.A. 25. J.G. 7. J.G. 7. -26O- GALLI (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Syrmaticus reeves! Sy. Boemmerringll Sy. soemmerringii x Chrysolonhus pictus Tetraonidae Lyrurus tetrii (Tstrao tetrix) 5O-60m 82s 4l£(l) X-Xd\X-0o; v-.» X=V. Meiosis in Fj_ partially regular. X-Xo\X-0o_, X^v- . Num— beirof micro-chroms. inconstant . Scaccini '39 A.I.A.E. k2. Tamashina 'kl, Jap. J.G-. 17; «il3 J.F.S. Hokkaido I.TJ. Ser. VI, 8. Sokolow, Tinia- Z.E. (Mosk«w) 5; kov; & Trofimow Cyt. ?. '36a, '36b MAMMALIA* PROTOTHERIA MONOTREMATA Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Echidna aculeata Ornlthorhynchus anatinus 8-12o*(l) 70±10i Close to chroms of Sauropsida Benda '06 White (Semon Zool. ( Forsch. Austra- ( lia u. Malay ( Archipel. Livrai- ( son, 27. From Matthey- Chroms. des Bertebres(l9^8). ♦The X and Y chromosomes of "C'vals are separated pre-reductionally in the 1st division generally, but post-reductionally in the 2nd division in some instances, as occurred in certain species of murine rodents. Further, in some species, they separate in both these ways. For the sake of convenience, notes have been given in the column of remarks. The formula of sex chromosomes without remarks, demotes the usual case where pre-reduc- tion occurs. -261- EUTHERIA-DI DELPHI! MARSUPIAIIA Species Chromosose Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Didelphyidae Didelphys aurita 12?o_(l,ll) Hill '18 Q.J.M.S. 63. n 22b ll£(D x-y£ Dreyfus '39 Dreyfus & Souza '41 Biologia General 3; Univ. Sao Paulo Bol. Fac. Phil. Sc. Letr. III. Biol. gen. 17. Didalphys paraguayens i s h it Saez '30,' 31 Con. Inter. Biol. Montevideo 7- 12; A .N. 65. Didelphys virginiana T?s,om rfti). x-o£ Jordan '11 A.Zf. 7. n 11^.(1) — Hartman '19 J.M. 32. H 22s, (Jin 22 om liffa.ii) X-Yct Painter '21, '22,»24 Sci. 53; J.B.Z. 35. 39. B 22o_, om — X-Yo\x~Xo_ Hoy & George '29 J.M. 47. Lutreolina 22b — X-Yo" Saez "38 Roy. Soc. Ar gen- crassicaudata tina Biol. 14. Dasyuridae Dasyurus naculatus 14s X-Yo_ Greenwood 1 23 Q.J.M.S. 67. tt »i 7ftl.ll) it Xoller'36a,b Cyt. 7; J.G. 32. Dasyurus viverrinus it ?ftl) R Drummond '38 Cyt. 8. Sarcophilus ursinus 14s , om X-Yo\x-X£ Greenwood' 23 Q.J.M.S. 67. H 14s 7^(1, 11) X-YcT Xoller'36a,"b Cyt. 7; J.G. 32. Macropodidae Bettongia lesuouri 22s llftl) H Drummond '33 Q.J.M.S. 76. Betton^ia per-icillata 28s a ii it Macropus ualahatus 12s, on 6ftl,ll) X-Yo\X-Xo_; Agar '23 Q.J.M.S. 67. with an auto- some -262- MARSUPIALIA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Eemarks Observer References Macropus giganteus 22s Macropus parryi 16s Potoroua tridactyla 12s, om Setonys "brachyurua 22s Peramelidae Isoodon obesulus' Perameles sp. UfS Phalangeridae Petauroidei volans 22s Petaurus "brevlceps " Phascolarctus cinereus l6s,Oia 16b Phalangista sp. Pseudochiraa peregrinus 20 s Trichosurus vulpecula 20s ,gm " 20s Phascolomyldae Phase olomys mitchelli llfr(l) x-y£ Binder '27 Z.Z.M.A. 5. 8o\l,ll) ii Matthey 'Jk, '36 C.B.S.B. 117; A.B. h7. 6o\l,ll) X-Yo\x~Xo^ Altmann & Ellery '25 Q.J.M.S. 69. X-Yo\ 4n gonia occur. Drumraond '33 Q.J.M.S. 76. 7o\l) X-Yo* Drummond *33 Q.J.M.S. 76. 8*(l) Benda '06 Semon Zool. For- sch. Australia u, Malay Archipel. Livraison 7- X-Y6* Agar '23 Q.J.M.S. 67. ii Drummond '33 Q.J.M.S. 76. efti.n) X-Y#,X-Xo_ Greenwood 1 23 Q.J.M.S. 67. 8o\ll) x-y£ Koller '36 J.ft. 32. 8o\l) Benda '06 Semon Zool. For- 20s, £m lOifyl.ll) X-Yo\x-Xo_ Altmann & Ellery '25 10#(1) X-Y6* Koller '36 106(1,11) X-Yo\x-Xo Altmann & *" Ellery '25 " X-Y# ?t{\) X-Y# Xoller '36 Altmann & Ellery '25 sch. Australia u. Malay Archipel. Livraison 7. Q.J.M.S. 69. J. ft. 32. Q.J.M.S. 69. J.G. 32. Q.J.M.S. 69. -26> EUTHSTl Ia-MONOEELPHI A CHIROPTERA Sr)ecle8 Chronosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Megachiroptera Pteropodidae Pteropus .iasymallus inoplnatus Kicrochiroptera Molossidae Nye ti nonius mexicanus Nycteridae Nycteris sp. Rhinolophidae 38s 19^(1,11) X^Yo^ Makino *k8 B.B. 9^. U8m U2s Prc/b. X-Y? Painter '25a,D Sci. 61; A.N. 59. X- Td" Bovey »U9 R. Suisse Z. 56. RhinoloT)bas euryale 58s 29^(1) X-Yd" Bovey '^9 R. Suisse Z. 56. R. ferrun-eauinum tt n n it 11 R. f errum-eqainum nippon 11 H Makino % k6 B.B. 9k, R. hipposideros — *- l6o_(l) - — Athias '12 Arch. Inst. Bact. Oam. pp^t. lisDonn e, 3. « 5^8 27^(1) x-y£ Matthey et Bovey ' U8 Bovey l k9 Experientia h; R. Suisse Z. 56. Vespertilionidae Barbastella "barbaste'llus 32s l6o\l) X-Xo* Bovey 'U-9 R. Suisse Z. 56. Myotis daubentcmi tes 21^(1) It it n Myotis mystacinus kk-3 X-Yd* 11 it H . emareinatus it it H it M. myotis kks 22o\l) n tt 11 Miniopterus schreiDersii k6s 23^(1) 11 II 11 -264- CHIROPTERA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Pipistrellus piplstrella 21^(1) X-Y# 42s Matthey & Bovey '^8, Bovey '49 Muldal «48 Sbqperientia 4; R. Suisse Z. 56. From Matthey-Chrom. des Vertebres,1948. P. nathnsii 22tf(l) " Bovey '49 R. Suisse Z. 56. Plecotus auritus 32s l6o\l) ■ M it Vesperueo no c tula 9-10^(1,11) Van der Stricht '10 Mem. Acad. Roy. Belgioue, Ser. 2,2. Vesperugo serotinus 15-22o(l) 18-2^(11) Athias '12 Arch. Inst. Bact. Cam. Pest. Lis- bonne 3. ('Bat') Species 2Mb X-Oo* Jordan '12 A. A. 40. unknown R 40?s hetero.? Hance '17 A.R. 12. INSECT I VORA Chromo some Number Species 2n n Remarks Observer References Erinaceidae Erinaceus europeaeus 48s ( 'European hedgehog' ) ■ 48s t-y^ 2J$CL) X-y£ Painter'25a,b Sci. 61; A.N. 59. Muldal '48 From Matthey-Chrom. des Vertebres, 1948. Bovey '49a, b R. Suisse Z. 56; Exoerientia 5« Macroscelidae Elephantulus myuruB .lamer soni 14s 7* X-Y# Bovey '49a,b R. Suisse Z. 56; Experientia 5. EDENTATA— XENARTHA Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Oh server References Dasypodidae Tatusla novemcJnctum 31?s,32o 14-10$ (l) X-06? ( ' 9-handed armadillo' ) * Tatusia novemcinctum 60o,om — " ( 'Aruadillo" i T Newman & Pat- J.M. 21; B.B. 23. terson '10; Newman '12 Painter' 25a, "b Sci. 61; A.N. 59. RODENTIA Species Chromo seme Number 2n n Remarks Ohserver References Duplicidentata LepoTidae Lepus rani cuius 24? m ( 'Kaninchen' ) " ('Lapin' ) W-43o 36-46(42)n Hemming '98 A. A. 14. Winiwarter A.B. 16, 17. '99, '00 -266- RODENT IA (Continued) Srecies Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Lepus cuniculus CRabMt') 28-36s l4-l8o\l) Barrett '0? P.R.S. London, B. 79. M H 22s ll-12o\l) llo\ll) x-y£ Bachhuber '16 B.B. 30. M N 41^-5/4.3 20+ £(1) X-0 Sci. 61; A.N. 59; , A.R. 31; Sci. 64; J.M. 4-3. N 22$(l) X-y£ Minouchi & Ohta '32 Z.M. (Jap.) 44. H 44s 22o\l,ll) n Tateishi '36 Z.M. (Jap.) 48. a ca. 71b — Colchicine treated egg, 4n? Pincus'3£a,"b J.E.Z. 82; J.H. 30. » 44s 22o\l) X-Y# Makino ''i4 Z.M. (Jap.) 56. it 44s, oin McMillion '42 Bull. Pitts"b. Univ. 38. n 4n ? m • ~~ ~ Polyter.e chrons . in cancer Biesele '45 Cancer Bes. 6. n 22o_(l) , Vara & Pesonen 'Jj-7 Acta Abstr. Gyn. Scand. 27. it 44s Muldal '48 From Matthey-Chrom, d»s 7erte"bres,1948, Lepus formosus 48s 2^(1,11) n Tateishi '35 Z.M. (Jap.) 48. Lepup -richieanus ainu 24#ost. (18. 14). kkam 21-?2o_(l) X-Xo_ H 38s Cricetulus griseus Iks Peromyscus "boylei i+8s attwateri P. californicus insignus n P. calif, californicus M P. eremicus eremicus ca. 58s P. er. fraterculus 58s P. gossyninus -palraarius k&s P. leu^opus texanus ii P. 1. nove"boracensis H P. mar.iculatus .?;r.m"beli n P.m. hollesteri 52s P.m. "bairdii i*8s P.m. "blandus It P.m. sonoriensis n P.a. arteinisiae k6s P.m. osgoodi It P. -oolionotus polionotu8 It X-Y# X-y£ X-Yo* Eoller '38,'i^ J.C-. 36; Proc. Roy. Soc. London, B, 133. Husted, Hop- kins & Moore Muldal f kS J.H. 36. From Matthey-Chror.. des Vertebres, 19*48. Pontecorvo'U3 Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinb. B, 62. Cross '?1,'38 J.M. 52; Cyt. 8. Cross^la.'b «38. A.R. 51; J.M. 52; Cyt. 8. Cross '38 Cyt. 8. Cross'31,'38 A.R. 51; Cyt. 8. Cross '38 Cyt. 8. it ti it ii ii ii Cross , 31a,'^l'b, A.R. 51; J.M. •38 52; Cyt. 8. Cros9'31,'38 J.M. 52; Cyt. 8. Cross '38 Cyt. 8. Cross '38 n Cyt. 8. ii -269- ROEEHTIA (Continued) Chro" osome Numher Species 2n n Remarks Observer References P. truei truei 48s X-y£ Cross '38 Cyt. 8. Neotoma floridanus 52s it Cross '31 J.M. 52. attwateri Sie^indon hisnidus 54s n N n texianus Tscherkia triton 30 £K 15^(1) X-Xo Makino '49 Cyt. 15. Muridae— Micro tinae Arvicola schcrr.an exitus (Arvicola schernan terrestris) Sothenomys nielanogaster Evotomys (Clethrionomys) hedf erdiae Evotomys glareolus Clethrionomy s ( Evotomys) rutilus mikado Microtus agrestis M. ag. orcadensls M. arvalis M. incertus 36s 18$ (1) X-Yo\ X,Y pre. or post, in ratio 50: 100* Matthey & Renaud '35; Renaud '38; Matthey '38 C.R.S.3. 120; R. Suisse Z. 45; J.G. 36. 28^(1) X-Yo* Tcteishi '37 Z.M. (jap.) 49. 55s 28^(1) X-Oo" 27,28^(11) 28 1^(1,11) X-Xo Oguma'35a,^ Nippon Gakuzyutsu- Eyokai 10; J.F.S. Hokkaido I.TJ. Ser. VI, 4. Makino & Igaku & Seioutsugaku Shigemoro '43 4. 56 s 28o\l,ll) X-Yo\ pre Matthey & C.R.S.B. 120; Renaud '35; R. Suisse Z. 1*5. Renaud '38 • 28^(1) Mpkino '49 Cyt. 15 . 50s 42s 46s 256^1,11) X-Yc*; Matthey '50 25o.(l) pre; X-Xc_. Muldal '48 23o\l,ll) X-Yc^; pre. Renaud '38 or r>ost. 28-34^(1,11) Athias '12 L.C. 53. From Matthey-Chrom. des Vertebres,1948. R. S^isce Z. 45. Arch. Inst. Pact. Camp. Pest. Lis- honne 3« *Pre.=pre-reductional separit?on of X and Y, ^an^ly X disjoins from Y in I division. Post.=post-reductionc.l separation of X and Y, namely X disjoins from Y in II division. -270- R0I3ENTIA (Continued) Species Chro 2n mo some Number n Remarks Observer References M. kifcachii 28s 1^(1) X-Y# Tateishi '37 Z.M. (Jap.) 49. R 30 s 15^(1,11) it Makino '49a,b Cyt. 15; Ann. Zool. Jap. 23. M. montebelli 31s 16^(1) x-o£ Oguma '37 Cyt. Fujii Jub.-Vo! M. nivalis 56s 2b£(l) X_y£ Mat they '47 Sci. G-enetica 3. M. ratticexjs 30 s 15^(1) X-Yo* Makino '49a,b Cyt. 15; Ann. Zool. Jap. 33. H 46s it Muiaal *U$ John Innes Eortic. Inst. 39 Ann. Rep. (19*48). M. tovmsendii 50 s X-Yo* Cross '?1 J.M. «? Mux idae-Mur inae Apodemus agrarius n 48-. A |P a^rarius, 50s ninoDoensis ( A. ag. insula'emus ) A. flavicollis A. geisha A. hebridensis A. semotus 48 £ 46s 48s 48s 2^(1,11) X-Yo\ post: Matthey '36, or pre. '38, '47 X-Y#; -no«t. Makino «ii9 '50 25^(1,11) » Tateishi *Jti •35 2^(1,11) X-Yd*; post. Makino '49, "50 24d(l,ll) X-Yo\ pre. Matthey '36, or post. '47 23d(l,ll) X-Y6*; pre. Makino '49, •50 24-\6s 23^(1,11) II Makino 'U4 Cyt. 13. hSs 23^(1) n Tateishi '35 Nippon Gal-izyut su- Kyokai, 10. k6s 23^(1,11) X-Y^ Makino *k2, 143 Jap. J.G. 18; J.P.S. Hokkaido I.U. Ser. VI, 0. «!-2s ^6s 23^(1) 11 Tateishi »35 Nixreon Gakuzyutsu- Kyokai 10. k6s 23^(1,11) 11 Makino 'J*2, x k3 Jap. J.G-. 18; J.P.S. Hokkaido I.U. Ser. VI, 9. U2e 21o\l,ll) 11 Tateishi «33, '35 Z.M. (Jap.) hS; Nippon Gakuzyutsu- Kyokai 10. n 11 ti Makino '^12, 143 Jrp. J.O. IP; J.F.S. Hokkaido I.U. Ser. VI, 9. -275- R0DE1ITIA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References R. norve =:icus('Rat') 32s Ififcl) — Moore '93,9*+-; Moore A Arnold '05; Moore A Walker '06 A.A. 8; Int. Morct Anat. Phys. 11; P.R.S. Lond. B. 77; Liverpool Univ. Rep. 1906. ii MSatte') 1 16s 12^(1) 8^(1,11) Lenhossek '98 vor> Sbner '99 A.M. A. 51. it ('Wanderratte Sits. Bar. Akad. Wiss. Wien, 108. H («Rat») 20-30s ca. 12^(1) Regaud 'Ola, '01b, '09 c.R.s.3. 53; A.A.M. k, 11. II (•Weiss Ratte )— 10-20g0) 8-l6$(ll) Sobotta A Burckard '01 A.Hf. U2. II (Mus decumans 2*ta 24-f-s 12^(1,11) 16^(1,11) Due sb erg '08 a,b van Hoof '11 A.Zf. 1,2. 'albino') It ( ■ ) L.C. 27. It ('Albino') uo t Pratt A Long '17 J.M. 29. It (' " ) 37s, ^ 19$ CO x-o£ Allen '18, '19 J.M. 31; A.R. 16. II (Mus decumans Ws — — Rauh «25 Z.A.S. 76. "albino') II ('Albino') U-2s n 2l£(l,ll) 21o\l) x-y£ Pincus '27 Painter '26, '28 J.M. kh. II ( » ) Sci. 6^; Genet. 13 II ('Albino' x 62s aftil 21,31^(11) From mat- ings of 2n,^2 x 2n,62 Swesy '28, » 29a, '29b J.E.Z. 51; J.M. 'Wild') i|8. (mixed rat strain) i+2s 2l£(l) 21,316^(11) h2n 62m 21^(1) 62. l&. Sarcoma Hirschfeld & Z. Zrebsf. 30. Klee-Rawi- dowicz '30 Cancer Levine '31 Am. J. Cane. 15. - — Sarcoma. 2l£(l, 11) X-Y$ 2l£(l) « Isibasi, Sino- Trans. Jap. Path, hare & Okada'31 Soc. 21. Alexenko &■ ITatansohn'32 Z. Zrebsf. 38. Minouchi '28 Jap. J.Z. 1. a.b Bryden '32, '33, «- T .:. 26, 27; '35 Cyt. 6. " X-Y6*; post- Koller & J.G-. 29. red. in 10$ Darlington' 34 21o K (l,ll) X-Y# 21^(1) 2l£(l) Oguma '35a,b llippon Gakuzyutsu- Xyokai 10; J.F.S. Hokkaido I.U. Ser. VI, k. Tateishi '35 Nippon Gpkuzyutsu- Kyokai 10. Matthey '36, A.B. h?; J.G. 36. '38 X-Y6*; Correction of 1018 Allen '1*0 J.M. 66. -211- ■RODETTIA (Continued) Species Chromosome timber 2n n Remarks Observer References Rattus norvegicus ( Eplnys norvogicus ) ?3-2b-31, 35-W'-52, 55-^5- 88-13^ 2n,i*-n k2s 42 s 2n,i|-n Azo-liver- cancer Amano & An do In regener- Beams & King ation of } hZ liver 21$ (1,11) X-Yo*; Makino 'tei.b, Chrom. I den- '^3 tical in wild and ulbino. 210(1,11) X-Xo_ 2l£(l) X-Yo\x-Xo 21o_(l) * Benzop Irene tumor. Fusion and frag, of cliroms . Makino L Sigemoro '43 Guenin '45, '48 Casabona'48 Gann 34. A.R. 83. Jap. J. 5. IS; J.y.S. Hokkaido I.U. Ser. 71, IgrJoi & Seibut- sugaku 4. Arch. Jul. Klaus- Stift. Vererb.->0; J. 5. 49. Biol. Latina 1. n 26-85 Yoshida- Ascites sarcoma Yosida '48, Makino & Yosida '49 Oguna Comm. Vol. Cyt. Genet, (l) ; Jap. J.G. Suppl. 2 11 42s 2l£(l) In strain of albino x wild.Meiosis regular, & fertile ir. 2i,r 2 & F3. Makino • 51 La Kromosomo 8. R. rattus ('Albino') 8o_d.ll) — I'.elissinos ' 07 A.M.A. 70. « ('Albino') 24+s l6o\l,ll) — van Hcof '11 L.C. 27. R. rattus 40s 2o£(l,ll) X-Yit Pincus '27 J.M. 44. ■ Cv.'iid') ii2s 21o\l) 11 O^ouna '28, '35a, b Z.M. (Jap.) 40; Nippon Gaicuzyutsu— Kyokai 10; J.F.S. Hokkaido I.U. Ser VI, fr. -278- ROIEUTIA (Continued) Species Chromosome Nu-ber 2n n^ Remarks Observer References Makino '42, Cross »31 Jap. J.G. 18; J.F.S. Hokkaido I.U. Ser. VI, 9. J.M. 52. R. r. rattusCWild' ) 42s 21o"(l,ll) X-y£ R. rattus alexandrinus 4Ds — " 21o\l) 24o\l) R. rattus rufescens ij-2s Muscardinidae Dyromys nitedula 48s untcrmedius 31ionyc auercinus __ B 52s Gils glis ells 62s Muscardir.us 43 s avellanarius Sciuridae Citellus colunbianus 32s columbianus Citellus tridecenlineatus 50~54s arenicola CJlaucongrs volans 52s volans Sciurus carol icons is 48s carolinensis S. carol inens is 28 s leucotus S. ni~er rufiventer 62s S. ni.^er limit is ii Tateishi '35 Nippon Gakuzyutsu- Kyokai 10. Matt hoy w Renaud '36; Renaud '38 16 •£.(1,11) AtW •12 •09, C.R.S.3. 121; R. Suisse Z. 45. A.A. 34; Arch. Inst. Bact. Cam. Pest. Lisbonne 3. 26^(1,11) X-Y6* Renaud '3° *-. Suisse Z. 45. 31#(l) X-Yo\ post- reductional? 24#(1) X-Y# Mat they & Renaud '36; Renaud '38 C.H.S.3. 121; R. Suisse Z. 45. X-Yd* x-y£ Wodsedalek '29 A.R. 44. Crose «31 J.M. 52. 14^(1) Koller '36 Cross '31 Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 56. .T.l-u 52. *fii& -279^- Species S. vulgaris Tamiasciurus hudsonius ('Ecureuil') Species unknown ROEENTIA (Continued) Chromosome Number 2n ii Remarks Ob server 4Ds 28s 24s X~y£ ca. 1 63\l) Muldal '49 Muldal '48 van Molle '06,'O7 CARNIVCEA References John Innes Hortic. Inst. 39 Ann. Rep. (1948) . From Matthey-Chrom. des Vertebres, 1948. L.C. 23, 24. Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Fissipedia Canidae Alopex-Vulpes 43 s F]_ between Wipe ft Shakel- Proc. Nat. Acad. Alopex and ford '49 Sci. 35. Vulpes. Canis faniliaris 64?ra vom Rath '94 B.Z. 14. 1! 21s llo\l) X-o£ Malone '18 Trans. Am. Micr. 22om lO.lltf(ll) Soc. 37. " ('Do fi ') 50+s Prob.X-Yo* Painter '25 A.N. 59. n 78s, o 39^(1,11) Xr-Yo\x~Xo_ Mlnouchi «28a,b Jap. J.Z. 1. !t 78 s — X_Yo\ 3 breeds. Ahmed '40 Proc. Roy. Sci. Edinb. 6l. n 78s 39^(1) X-Yo* Makino '49 Jap. J. Zoo tech. Sri. 19. XTyctereutas viverrinu?" 42s 21o\l,ll) X-Yo* Minouchi '28, '29 Z.M. (Jap.) 40; Cyt. 1. Vulpes fulvus ii 21o\l) n Wodsedalek '31 A.R. 51. Vulocs 1 asp-pus 26^(1) X-YoS Andres '38 Cyt. 9. Vulpes vulpes 17^(1) n N H M 34s 17&1) X-y£ Wipe & Shr.ckel- Proc. Nat. Acad, X-Y# ford »42. Sci. 28. n 32s — Bishop x hz A.R. 84. -280- CAB1TIV0EA (Continued) Species Chronosone Number 2n n Remarks Observer IleTerenres Vulpes volpes Felidae Felis domestica ( 'Variete beige 1 ) reus aaaeaJtlsa ( 'Yari3te .IcT'onaise 1 ) H ('ChatO " ('HauskatsaO Bella bengal ens Is Mustelidae I!arte3 foina 38s 38s 19^(1) 3UY6 K ; silver Makino «W^, Z.M. (Jap.') 56; fox *^7 J.F.S. Hokkaide I.U. VI, 9. 35= 18^(11 X-0# 36o,om 17,1831(11) 38s 19^(1,11) X-y£ 12j(l) — 14-1 7^.(1, 11) — 380 — 38s,o I9ftl.ll) X~y£,X-Xo_ " l?ftl) Z-Yd* 38s 19^1) X-Yo^; pre. or post. l°o_(D 38s 19^(1) X_Yd* 19ftl) — Winiwarter & Sainmont '09; Win*vr.rter '1^, '19, *22, »3V38 Winiwarter •34, '38 van der Stricht •11 A.B. 2k; Bull. Acad. Hoy. Belgi- que k; A.B. 30; CB. Ass. Anat. Dixsept. reunion; Bull. Acad. Roy. Belgiaue 20; A.B. is. Bull. Acad. Roy. Belgique 20; A.B. 49. Men. Acad. Boy. Belgique 2. Longley »11 A. J. A. 12. Gutherz '18, '20 Minouchi • 28a, '28b; Minouchi & Ohta »32,»34 Mat they '3ft, •36 Koller 'Zj-1 Vara & Pesonen '1+7 Muldal «i+8 Makino «bo Tateishi »^1 Fhrlich »ii9 Sit?. C-es. Hat. Fr. Berlin 8; A.M.A. 9h. P. I. A. (Tokyo) 1; Z.M. (Jan.) liO, **: Cyt.*5. C.F..S.B. 117; A.B. k7. Proe. Boy. Soc. Edinb. B, 61. Acta Abstr. Gyn. Scand. 27. From i-fatthey-Chrom. des Vertebres, l?l±8. Jap. J. Zootech. Sci. 19. Kagaku -Taiwan 9. R. Suisse Z. 56. -281- CARLTIVORA (Continued) Species Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Mustela i .t&tsl i tat si M. vison Putorius furo 38s 19o\l,ll) X-y£ ca. 28s ca. lko\l) 3^s X-Y^ Viverridae Hungos ichneumon ( 'Mongoose 1 ) P^nnipedia CtarH dae Callorhlnug alascanus 3^s Makino «if7 Shackelford & Wipe "i? Koller «36 ca. 2^(1) Prob-X-Oo" Jordan *lk J.F.S. Hokkaido I.U. Ser. VI, 9. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 33. Proc. Roy. Soc. London, B 121. Carnegie Inst. Publ. 182. 15^(1,11) X-Yo* Starks '28 A.J.A. 'jT>. CETACEA Species Chromosome Number 2n 11 Remarks Observer References Delphinidae Phocoeno'ldeg dalli Vte 22o\l,ll) X-YcT Makino 'US Chrom. 3. UNG-ULATA Species Chromosome Number _2n n Remarks Observer References Arti?dactyla 3ovidae Bos indicuB Bos taurus ('Stler' ) 60s 30o^(l) X-Yo* 16s — - 20-25 s i2ftl.il) Makino «Wia,b Z.M. (Jap.) 56; Cyt. 13. von Bardeleben Verb.. Anat. G-es. '92 Wien 6. Schoenfeld '02 A.B. 18. -282- TTITGULATA (Continued) Species Chromosome ITuirfber 2n n Remarks Observer References POS taurus('Taureau' ) 20-24s 12$(l) von Hoot '13 L.C. 30. Bubalus buffelus Capra hircus -J! ('Zlefie') « ( 11 ) » ('Gcat' ) 33s 17* Bot. & Zool. 11; ZJJ. (Jap.) 56; Cyt. 13. 56s — X-Yo*? Pkakr-dze '39 C.R. Acad. Sci. u.a.s.s. 24. 48s 24#(l,ll) x-y£ Hakino *!&, '44a,b Bot. & Zool. 11; Z.M. (Jap.) 56; Cyt. 13. 60s 30^(1,11) 11 Sokolov '30 Bull. Bureau Genet Acad. Sci. U.S.S. R. 8. 60 dm II Shiwago '30, '31 J. Biol. Exp. 6; Z.Z.M.A. 13. 60s 30^(1) II Krsllinger '31 Arch. Tierernahr.- zucht B 5. 60m Amnion Berry '38 J.H. 29. 60s 30?(l,ll) x-y£ Makino '^3a,b, c, »44 Jap. J.G. 19; Bot. & Zool. 11; Cyt. M; Z.M. (Jap.) 56. 60s X-Yo\ £ Makino '^9 intersex. Ovie aries ('Sh^ep') 33s, 34o 17^(1) , X-0o\x-X$ Wo daedal* «22 170.(1) " ('Schaf.Hammel') 48-53(54) X-Y6* Shiwago '30, om 1^ Iden-Sogo-Eenkyu 1, A.R. 23. J. Biol. Exp. 6; Z.Z.M.A. 13. -283- UFGULATA (Continued) Species Chromosome Numher 2n n Remarks Oh server References Ovis ariesCSchaf) " Clnterracll hybrid ) " ('Sheep') ■ ( " ) » ( " ) Ovis -oollii karelini Ovis steato pyga Ovis -pol. kar. x Ov. st. py. Poepha^as t qmnniens ('Yak' ) Canelidae Canelus oacterianu6 C . drone darius C. pact. C. drom. Cervidae Ran~ifer phylarchus 60s 3°^1 1 ) X-rt ca. 306(11) " 30^(1) X-y£ 54s, m 54s 54s 60j 272(1) X-Yo* Frallinger'31 Hovikov '35 Bruce '35 Pchakadze '36 Berry '38, '41 Ahmed '40 27o\l,ll) X-Yo\ No Makino '43a, racial h,c, 'in- difference Butarin'35a, •35h 30^(11) — 30o*(l) — » 60s 30o\l) Butarin «35a 62±2s 31*1^(1) Proh. X-Yo^ Zuitin '35 35*(D Novikov '40 Arch. Ti erernahr.- zucht B 5. C.R. Acad. Sci. U.S.S.R. h. Ph. D . Thesis, Univ. Pittshurgh. C.R. Acad. Sci. U.R.S.S. 3- J.H. 29, 32. Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 60. Jap. J.G. 19; Bot. & Zool. 11; Cyt. 13; Z.M. (Jap.) 56. C.R. Acad. Sci. U.R.S.S. 4; Verlag. Akad. Wiss. U.S.S.R. C.R. Acad. Sci. U.R.S.S. 4. C.R. Acad. Sci. U.S.S.R. 4. Bull. Trudy Inst, Genet. 13 . Fertile 72s 36(1,11) X-Yo* Makino '44, '49 Z.M. (Jap.) 56; Jap. J. Zootech. Sci. 19. -284- UNGULATA (Continued) Chromosome Number Species 2n n Remarks Observer References Suidae Pecari ta.iacu 30s 15^(1,11) Se~ chrom. unknown Krallinger '36 Z.Z.M.A. 2k. Sus scrofa ('Pig') 18s, om 20om io£(i) 8,10cT(ll) XX-0? Wodsedalek '13a, b Sci. 38; B.B. 25. it ilOs.ijO-? 2 ^ 20o\l) Humbers variable "by frag- mentation Hance '1?, •18 J.M. 30; B.B. 35. » ('Schwein') 38s 19^(1) Prob. X-Yo* Krallinger '31 Arch. Tierernahr.- sucht B 5. » ('Pis') H n X-Y? Eryden '33 Cyt. 5- Sus vittatus leucomystar 40s 20o\l,ll) X-Yo\ ITo racial difference kOz X-Y? Hillebrand Diss. Phil. Breslau, '36 1936. Makino'44a,b Cyt. 13; Z.M. (Jap.) 56. Makino '46 La Kromosomo 1, Perissodactyla Equidae Equus asinus 60s 3o£(i) — it 64s? 32?? (1,11) (29-33) x-y£ ii 66s 33(1) n Equus caballu* ('Pferd' ) H ('Horse') ('Horse') 37s 10-l6o\l) 19^(1) x-o? 9,10^(11) 3>38s 19^(11 n 18,19*(11) 57-60s 30c?(l) X-Yo* 60s » Meladze '37 Bull. Biol. Med. E:ro. 3. Sokolov '37 C.R. Acp-d. Sci. TJ.R.S.S. 15. Makino *kk, Z.M. (Jep.) 56; '4-9 Jap. J. Zootech. Sci. 19. Kirillov '12 A.M.A. 79. Wodsedalek »1U 'B.B. 27. Masui '19 J. Coll. Agr. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 3. Painter' ?k, '25 J.E.Z. 39; A.N. 59 Ranquini '34 Trab. Inst. Biol. Anim. 2. -285- Ui:SULA?A (Continued) Species Chromosome llumber 2n n Remarks Observer References Ecuus caballus ( 'Horse ') 66s 332(1,11) X-Yc*: No rrcial difference Makino '43, •44 Cyt. 13; Z.M.. (Jap.) 56. 'Mule' (Eq. cab. Ea. asinus) X 51s 34-49o*(l) Meiosis irregular in Fx Wodsedalek •16 B.B. 30. n 38 s Leon '33 Ann. Gembloux 44. 1! 66s - — Meiosis irregular in F. Makino Unpubl . PRIMATES Species Chromosome ITumber 2n n Remarks Observer References S imiae-Platyrrhina Cebidae Cebus sp. ('Brown Cebus' ) 54s 27o\l) X-Yo* S iniae-Catarrhina Anthropoidae K-Yo\? Painter '22, '24 Sci. 56; J.E.Z. 39. Anthropopithecus 24o\l)? ( 'Chimpanzee' ) Cercopithecidae Rhesus macacus U8s 48o_,om 24e A (l) Hominidae Hono sapiens (a) Sonatic cells " ('Mensch') 2 2- 28m Yeager, Painter Sci. 91. & Yerkes '40 Painter «24 J.E.Z. 39- 11 ('Mensch') 2 2- 28m Cornea Elemming '82, '98 A.M. A. 20; A. A. 14. II ( ■ ) 18-aon llormal tissue Hansemann'91 Virch. Arch. Anat. 123. H ('Man') 33-38m Embryo Wieman '13 A.J. A. 14. II ('Mensch') 30-50 (47-48) m Amnion Grosser '21, '27 A. A. 5^; Erauen- heilk. 5. II ( ■ ) 32-/|8ra Amnion, pleura Rappeport "22 A.Zf. 16. -286- PRIMATES (Continued) Species Chromosome 2n dumber n Remarks Observer References Somatic cells ii ('Homme') 20+m Molaa '26 Trav. Lab. Biol. Univ. Madrid 24. it ( 'Mensch' ) Zk & 48m Decidual tissue Schachow '26 A.A. 62. ii ('Human') 24±n Embryo Adams tone '29 A.R. kh. ti ( 'Mensch' ) 30-64m Pleura, peritoneum Karplus '29 Z.Z.M.A. 10. ti ( ■ ) 47-5Q(48?) o,om Tissue cul- ture: IT un'ber variable in pathol.soma Kemp '28, '29, '30 C.R.S.B. 99; Z.M.A.F. 16; Z.Z.M.A. 11. ii ( » ) 30-85(45-50; m 11 Caffier '32 Zeits. Geburt. Gynak. 101. " ('Human' ) 52m " ('Mensch' ) 32-73n " 48om (b) Pathologic cells n ('Mensch' ) 6-60m Blood cells Chrustschoff & Berlin '35 Embryo Andres & Shiw (Jiv) '35, '36 Mucose uterine Barigozzi «47 J. (J. 11. Z.B. (Moskaw) 4; Cyt. 7. Jul. Klaus-Stift. Vererb. 22. n (. Human ') 40-50(48?) om ■ ( it ) ±n,2n,4n " ( 11 ) ±47-48 ±96-100 ±300 " ( n ) ±16-40 " ( 11 ) ±n,2n,3n,4n Cancer Galeotti '93; Beitr. Path. Anat. Galeotti & 14. Lustig Tumor, Belling '27 J. Am. Med. Assoc. cancer 88. Kr.rzinom Heiberg & Yirch. Arch. 273. Kemp. '29 Epithelioma Levine '30 Am. J. Cancer 15 . Malignant Isibasi, Sino- Trans. Jap. Path, tumors Hara & Okada'31 Soc. 21 . Cancer of Ohta '33 Kin!:i-Fujinka-Z. 16. uterus -287- PRIMATES (Continued) Specie; Chromosome Number 2n n Remarks Observer References Pathologic cells " ('Homme' ) " ( 'Hunan) 23-140] " ('Mensch') 24-136 31-583 n ( n ) 96-98s it 2n(±48) 3n(±72) it 24,32, 36,44, ±2n n ±24, ±48* 50-55m Evans' Winiwarter & preparation Oguma '30 (liver cancer) Cancer Picon '30 Tumor, cancer Andres '32 96-98s 48o\l,ll) 4n of germ Andred '33 cells Megalohlast Polli '46 Leucemie Polli '47 Tunori naligni Barigozzi & Dellepiane'47 ±48 28-34 ±24 16,24,32, 36, 48, etc. Anemie ) pemicoeuse ) Leukeraie ) Barigozzi '47 Cajicer de ) 1' uterus) Carcinorae Roller '47 (c) Grerm cells* " ('Mensch' W ) 8s 8o\l),4o\ll) von Bardelehen '92, '97,' 98 » ('Man' W) 32? 32s 15-19(18)^(1) — 16^(1) — Wilcox '00 " ('Mensch' W) Fick '05 11 ('Man' V;) Moore & Arnold '05; Moore & Walker '06 A.B. 40. Arch. Espanolcs Oncol. 1. Z.Z.M.A. 16. Z.Z.M.A. 18. Arch. Sci. Med. (Trino) 82. Ann. Biol. Norm. Patol. 1. Arch. Ital. Anat. Istol. Prtol. 20. Jul. Klaus-Stift. Vererh. 22. Brit. J. Cane. 1. Verh. Anat. Ges. Wien 6; Arch. Anat. Phys. Suppl.; Jena Zeits. Naturw. 24. A. A. 17. Arch. Anat. Phys. Suppl. (1905). P.R.S. London B 77; Liverpool Univ. Rep. 1906. * W = (White) ; N - (Negro) ; J = (Japanese) -288- PRIMATES (Continued) Species Germ cells " ('Homme 1 W ) " ('Man' W ) " ('Homme' W ) " ('Mensch' ) " ('Man' W.N ) " ('Man' W ) " ( » ) " ('Mensch' W ) " ('Homne' W ) " ('Man' J ) " ('Man' W.N ) " ('Homme' W ) " ('Human' W.N ) " ('Man' J) " ('Mensch' W ) Chromosome Nunfber _2n n Remarks ca. 24s l2o\l) 22s 12o\l) XX-o£ 5,7^(11) 24s, m ca. 12o\l) ca. isftll) l-i(l) — 24s 24s 4Ss 12o\l) 10,11 or 12^(11) 12^(1, 11) 12o\l) xx-o? 2X? 47 s 24o\l) X-o£ 48s 246(1,11) X-Yo* 47s 24